Indian institute of technology, jodhpur

Turbomachinery
Lab report

Name- Aman Gunawat

Roll no- B18ME004
Course- Turbomachinery (ME322)
Experiment: Pelton turbine
Aim: (1) By varying torque and keeping volumetric flow rate constant and
observing the variation in: velocity in pipe, circumferential velocity, specific work,
power on the shaft etc.
(2) and plotting the characteristics of: (a) torque curve

(b) power curve

(c) overall efficiency

Theory: Pelton wheel is tangential flow turbine because the jet of

water sticking the wheel tangentially or it thus also an impulse turbine
because at the inlet the only energy, we have is the kinetic energy.
Components: 1) nozzle and flow regulating arrangement
2) Runner and buckets
3) casing
4) breaking jet
 So, when water comes down through the penstock enters a nozzle and
flows out strikes the bucket/veins, then the entire wheel starts to
rotate along this shaft. we have some alternator attached then we have
a spear and by turning this spear we can control the flow rate through
nozzle. For stop the Pelton wheel to rotate we have an inlet (braking
jet) because jet is trying to rotate it in anticlockwise direction and
braking jet will strike it in the opposite direction and trying to rotate it
in opposite thus stopping it. And the enclosure in which this entire
assembly is fitted is called the turbine casing.

Procedure:
1) first, we start the pump.
2) after that we will go to the set the mass flow rate to 100% to the
nozzle.
3) after that we will increase the load to measure the change in the
reading. And then by change in the reading speed of turbine has been
reduced.
4) keeping main flow rate as constant and turbine torque torque
required is increased.
5) and proceed in the same way and till the reading gets to zero.

Observation table:

Torque Speed (n) Volumetri Inlet

(N-m) c flow pressure
(L/min) (bar)
p3 p1 p2
0 1400 133.4 2.30 0.97 2.57
0.34 1300 133.4 2.30 0.97 2.57
0.68 1200 133.3 2.30 0.97 2.57
1.00 1100 133.2 2.30 0.97 2.57
1.29 1000 133.2 2.30 0.97 2.57
1.60 900 133.6 2.30 0.97 2.57
1.91 800 133.5 2.30 0.97 2.57
2.22 700 133.5 2.30 0.97 2.57
2.51 600 133.3 2.31 0.97 2.57
2) At 100% flow rate
2.73 500 133.3 2.31 0.97 2.57
2.89 400 133.3 2.31 0.97 2.57
3.08 300 133.5 2.30 0.97 2.57
3.21 200 133.4 2.30 0.97 2.57
3.49 100 133.4 2.30 0.97 2.57
3.55 0 133.3 2.31 0.97 2.57
Calculation table:
1 Inlet Spe Velo Absolu circu Spe pow (MD Hydraulic 0verall
pressur ed city te mfere cific er ) efficiency efficiency
e in in in velocit ntial wor
bar min pipe y veloci ky
(n- at ty
m) p13c
p13
in
m/s
2 2.1 140 0.89 14.782 12.10 110 0 0 55.514634 0
0 7 21905 055 .79 04
7
3 2.1 130 0.89 14.782 11.23 110 34.0 0.25 68.180991 40.71874314
0 7 21905 6225 .79 491 53
7 666
7
4 2.1 120 0.89 14.782 10.37 110 60.3 0.48 78.273023 72.16614168
0 7 21905 19 .79 456 34
7

5 2.1 110 0.89 14.782 9.507 110 79.5 0.69 85.808934 95.09392628
0 7 21905 575 .79 179 57
7

6 2.1 100 0.89 14.782 8.643 110 96.3 0.92 90.788725 115.2653236
0 7 21905 25 .79 853 23 7
7 333
33
7 2.1 900 0.89 14.782 7.778 110 111. 1.18 93.212395 133.0563237
7 21905 925 .79 262 31
7 2

8 2.1 800 0.89 14.782 6.914 110 118. 1.41 93.079944 141.3253608
7 21905 6 .79 176 81
7 8

9 2.1 700 0.89 14.782 6.050 110 119. 1.63 90.391373 142.9541105
7 21905 275 .79 538 73
7 766
7
10 2.1 600 0.89 14.782 5.185 110 115. 1.83 85.146682 137.5667076
7 21905 95 .79 033 07
7 8

11 2.1 500 0.89 14.782 4.321 110 105. 2.02 77.345869 126.5413248
7 21905 625 .79 814 84
7 333
3
12 2.1 400 0.89 14.782 3.457 110 89.6 2.14 66.988937 107.246905
7 21905 3 .79 802 03
7 666
7
13 2.1 300 0.89 14.782 2.592 110 70.7 2.25 54.075883 84.56969728
7 21905 975 .79 175 64
7

14 2.1 200 0.89 14.782 1.728 110 49.4 2.36 38.606709 59.13614388
7 21905 65 .79 498 67
7 666
7
15 2.1 100 0.89 14.782 0.864 110 26.4 2.52 20.581415 31.57268699
7 21905 325 .79 012 12
7

16 2.1 0 0.89 14.782 0 110 0 2.3 0 0

7 21905 .79
7
Conclusion--
 Seeing the graph, we can see that torque decreases
with increases in speed
 Overall efficiency and power increases to an optimum
point with increase in speed then decreases

Experiment 2:
We can observe the variation of volume flow rate, keeping
speed constant. This can be used to plot different
characteristics graph which will be useful in determining the
characteristics of the turbine.
Procedure to be followed:
1. Turn on the turbine and the centrifugal
2. Keep speed of the turbine constant.
3. Then increase the load gradually and change the mass flow
rate to keep the speed constant.
4. Then use all the formulas and do all the calculation like we
did in the previous experiment.
5. Then using the calculated values and observation readings
plot the characteristics graphs.