Peru national football team

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This article is about the men's team. For the women's team, see Peru women's
national football team.
Peru
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s) La Blanquirroja
(The White and Red)
La Bicolor
(The Bicolour)
Los Incas
(The Incas)
Association Peruvian Football Federation (FPF)
Confederation CONMEBOL
(South America)
Head coach Ricardo Gareca
Captain Paolo Guerrero[1]
Most caps Roberto Palacios (128)
Top scorer Paolo Guerrero (38)
Home stadium Estadio Nacional
FIFA code PER

First colours

Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current 27 Steady (27 May 2021)[2]
Highest 10 (October 2017)
Lowest 91 (September 2009)
First international
Peru 0�4 Uruguay
(Lima, Peru; 1 November 1927)
Biggest win
Peru 9�1 Ecuador
(Bogot�, Colombia; 11 August 1938)
Biggest defeat
Brazil 7�0 Peru
(Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia; 26 June 1997)
World Cup
Appearances 5 (first in 1930)
Best result Top 8, 1970 (Quarter-finals) & 1978 (Round 2)
Copa Am�rica
Appearances 32 (first in 1927)
Best result Champions, 1939 and 1975
Panamerican Championship
Appearances 2 (first in 1952)
Best result Fourth place, 1952 and 1956
CONCACAF Gold Cup
Appearances 1 (first in 2000)
Best result Semi-finals, 2000
Medal record
The Peru national football team represents Peru in men's international football.
The national team has been organised, since 1927, by the Peruvian Football
Federation (FPF).[A] The FPF constitutes one of the 10 members of FIFA's South
American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL). Peru has won the Copa Am�rica twice and
qualified for FIFA World Cup finals five times (last appearing in 2018); it also
participated in the 1936 Olympic football competition and has reached the semi-
finals of the CONCACAF Gold Cup. The team plays most of its home matches at the
Estadio Nacional in Lima, the country's capital.

The team is well known for its white shirts adorned with a diagonal red stripe,
which combine Peru's national colours. This basic design has been used continuously
since 1936, and gives rise to the team's common Spanish nickname, la Blanquirroja
("the white-and-red").[4] Peruvian football fans are known for their distinctive
cheer �Arriba Per�! ("Onward Peru!").[5] Peru has longstanding rivalries with Chile
and Ecuador.[6]

The Peru national team enjoyed its most successful periods in the 1930s and the
1970s.[7] In the 1930s, Peru took part in the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930 and
enjoyed victories in the 1938 Bolivarian Games and the 1939 Copa Am�rica, with
goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso and forwards Teodoro Fern�ndez and Alejandro Villanueva
playing important roles. In the 1970s, Peru qualified for three World Cups and won
the Copa Am�rica in 1975, attaining worldwide recognition; the team then notably
included defender H�ctor Chumpitaz and the forward partnership of Hugo Sotil and
Te�filo Cubillas, often regarded as Peru's greatest player.

The national team's all-time top goalscorer is Paolo Guerrero, with 38 goals, and
its most-capped player is Roberto Palacios, with 128 appearances.[8] Under manager
Ricardo Gareca, Peru placed third at the 2015 Copa Am�rica, reached the quarter-
finals of the Copa Am�rica Centenario, participated in the group stage of the 2018
FIFA World Cup finals, and earned second at the 2019 Copa Am�rica.

Contents
1 History
2 Kit
3 Stadium
4 Supporters
5 Rivalries
6 Players
6.1 Current
6.2 Recent
6.3 Notable
7 Managers
8 Competitive records
8.1 FIFA World Cup
8.2 Copa Am�rica
8.3 CONCACAF Gold Cup
8.4 Olympic Games
9 Team records
10 See also
11 Bibliography
12 Notes and references
12.1 Notes
12.2 References
13 External links
History
Main article: History of the Peru national football team
During the 19th century, British immigrants and Peruvians returning from England
introduced football to Peru.[9] In 1859, members of the British community in the
country's capital founded the Lima Cricket Club, Peru's first organisation
dedicated to the practice of cricket, rugby, and football.[B][11][12] These new
sports became popular among the local upper-class over the following decades, but
early developments stopped due to the War of the Pacific that Peru fought against
Chile from 1879 to 1883. After the war, Peru's coastal society embraced football as
a modern innovation.[13] In Lima's barrios, football became a popular daily
activity, encouraged by bosses who wanted it to inspire solidarity and productivity
among their workers.[14] In the adjacent port of Callao and other commercial areas,
British civilian workers and sailors played the sport among themselves and with
locals.[15][C] Sports rivalries between locals and foreigners arose in Callao, and
between elites and workers in Lima�as foreigners departed, this became a rivalry
between Callao and Lima.[9][17] These factors, coupled with the sport's rapid
growth among the urban poor of Lima's La Victoria district (where, in 1901, the
Alianza Lima club formed), led to Peru developing the Andean region's strongest
footballing culture,[18] and, according to historian Andreas Campomar, "some of the
most elegant and accomplished football on the continent".[19]

Photo of ten men, running and carrying a large flag, inside a stadium
Peru's debut at the 1927 South American Championship in Lima.
The Peruvian Football League, founded in 1912, held annual competitions until it
disbanded in 1921 amid disputes amongst its clubs.[20] The Peruvian Football
Federation (FPF), formed in 1922, reorganised the annual tournament in 1926.[21]
The FPF joined the South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL) in 1925 and,
after restructuring its finances, formed the Peru national football team in 1927.
[22] The team debuted in the 1927 South American Championship, hosted by the FPF at
Lima's Estadio Nacional.[15] Peru lost 0�4 against Uruguay in its first match, and
won 3�2 over Bolivia in its second.[23] Peru did not advance beyond the first stage
of the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930.[24]

The 1930s were the team's first golden era,[7] when they improved their game
through play with more experienced teams.[19] The Combinado del Pac�fico (a squad
composed of Chilean and Peruvian footballers) toured Europe from 1933 to 1934.[D]
[19] Starting with Ciclista Lima in 1926, Peru's football clubs toured Latin
America with much success.[25][26] During one of these tours�Alianza Lima's
undefeated journey through Chile in 1935�emerged the Rodillo Negro ("Black
Roller"), a skillful group led by forwards Alejandro Villanueva, Teodoro Fern�ndez
and goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso.[27] Sports historian Richard Witzig described these
three as "a soccer triumvirate unsurpassed in the world at that time", citing their
combined innovation and effectiveness at both ends of the field.[7] Peru and the
Rodillo Negro impressed at the 1936 Summer Olympics, won the inaugural Bolivarian
Games in 1938, and finished the decade as South American champions.[28][29] During
this time, Peru would go on to win 2 World Cups.

Historian David Goldblatt assessed the decline of its previous success: "despite
all the apparent preconditions for footballing growth and success, Peruvian
football disappeared".[30] He attributes this sudden decline to Peruvian
authorities' repression of "social, sporting and political organisations among the
urban and rural poor" during the 1940s and 1950s.[30] Nevertheless, Peru performed
creditably at the South American Championships, placing third in Brazil 1949 and
Chile 1955, and missed qualification for the Sweden 1958 World Cup finals, over two
legs to eventual champions Brazil.[31]

Photo of four men in the foreground, inside a full stadium

Oswaldo Ram�rez scored the goals against Argentina that secured Peru's 1970 World
Cup qualification.
Successes during the late 1960s, including qualification for the Mexico 1970 World
Cup finals, ushered in a second golden period for Peruvian football.[7][32] The
formidable forward partnership between Te�filo Cubillas and Hugo Sotil was a key
factor in Peru's triumphs during the 1970s.[33] Peru reached the quarter-finals in
1970, losing to the tournament winners Brazil, and earned the first FIFA Fair Play
Trophy;[34][35] historian Richard Henshaw describes Peru as "the surprise of the
1970 competition, showing flair and a high level of skill".[31] Five years later,
Peru became South American champions for the second time when it won the 1975 Copa
Am�rica (the then-rechristened South American Championship). The team next
qualified for two consecutive World Cup finals, reaching the second round in
Argentina 1978 and the first group stage in Spain 1982. Peru's early elimination in
1982 marked the end of the side's globally-admired "flowing football".[36] Peru,
nonetheless, barely missed the Mexico 1986 World Cup finals after placing second in
a qualification group to eventual champions Argentina.[37]

By the late 1980s, renewed expectations for Peru were centred on a young generation
of Alianza Lima players known colloquially as Los Potrillos ("The Colts").
Sociologists Aldo Panfichi and Victor Vich write that Los Potrillos "became the
hope of the entire country"�fans expected them to qualify for the Italy 1990 World
Cup finals.[38] These hopes were dashed when the national team entered a hiatus
after its manager and several of its players died in a plane crash carrying most of
Alianza's team and staff in 1987.[39] Peru subsequently only came close to reaching
the France 1998 World Cup finals, missing qualification on goal difference,[37] but
would go on to win the 1999 Kirin Cup tournament in Japan (sharing the title with
Belgium)[40] and reached the semi-finals at the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup (contested
as an invitee).[41]

Qualification for the FIFA World Cup finals continued being an elusive objective
for Peru during the early 21st century.[37] According to historian Charles F.
Walker, player indiscipline problems marred Peru's national team and football
league.[42] Troubles in the FPF, particularly with its then-president Manuel Burga,
deepened the crisis in Peruvian football�FIFA temporarily suspended the country
from international competition, in late 2008, because the Peruvian government
investigated alleged corruption within the FPF.[43][E] Nonetheless, Peru succeeded
in winning the 2005 and 2011 Kirin Cup tournaments,[40] and earned third place in
the 2011 Copa Am�rica.[45] In early 2015, businessman Edwin Oviedo became FPF
president, succeeding Burga, who two years later faced charges of racketeering,
wire fraud, and money laundering in a football corruption trial in the United
States.[46][47] The FPF's new leadership appointed Juan Carlos Oblitas as the
federation's new director,[48] and Ricardo Gareca as Peru's manager in March 2015.
[49] Under Gareca, Peru achieved third place in the 2015 Copa Am�rica, reached the
quarter-finals of the Copa Am�rica Centenario, participated in the group stage of
the Russia 2018 World Cup finals, and finished runners-up at the 2019 Copa Am�rica.
[50][51][52]

Kit
Main article: Peru national football team kit
The Peru national football team plays in red and white, Peru's national colours.
[53] Its first-choice kit has been, since 1936, white shorts, white socks, and
white shirts with a distinctive red "sash" crossing their front diagonally from the
proper left shoulder to the right hip and returning on the back from the right hip
to the proper left shoulder. This basic scheme has been only slightly altered over
the years.[4]

Photo of twelve men, seven standing and five crouching, inside a stadium
Peru in 1968, wearing their traditional kit. The distinctive red "sash" has been
emblazoned across Peru's white shirts continuously since 1936.
Peru's kit has won praise as one of world football's most attractive designs.
Christopher Turpin, the executive producer of NPR's All Things Considered news
show, lauded the 1970 iteration as "the beautiful game's most beautiful shirt",
also describing it as "retro even in 1970".[54] Miles Kohrman, football reporter
for The New Republic, commended Peru's kit as "one of soccer's best-kept secrets".
[55] Rory Smith, Chief Soccer Correspondent for The New York Times, referred to
Peru's 2018 version of the jersey as "a classic" with a nostalgic, fan-pleasing
"blood-red sash".[56] The version worn in 1978 came first in a 2010 ESPN list of
the "Best World Cup jerseys of all time", described therein as "simple yet
strikingly effective".[57]

Peru's first kit, made for the 1927 South American Championship, comprised a white-
and-red striped shirt, white shorts and black socks.[58] At the 1930 World Cup,
Peru used an alternate design because Paraguay had already registered a similar kit
with white-and-red striped shirts. The Peruvians instead wore white shirts with a
red collar, white shorts and black socks.[58] The team added a horizontal red
stripe to the shirt for the 1935 South American Championship. The following year,
at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, the team adopted the iconic diagonal red sash design
it has retained ever since.[4] According to historian Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Ot�lora,
the idea for the design came from school football matches in which coloured sashes
worn over the shoulder would allow two teams wearing white shirts to play against
each other.[59]

Peru wears as its badge the emblem of the Peruvian Football Federation. The first
badge, presented in 1927, had a heater shield design with the country's name and
the federation's acronym (FPF). Eight different emblems followed, with the longest-
lasting design being the modern French escutcheon form emblazoned in the team's
jersey from 1953 until 2014. This design had the Peruvian flag at its base, and
either the country's name or the federation's acronym at its chief. Since 2014, the
badge has a retro-inspired heater shield design, with the entire field comprised by
Peru's flag and the federation's acronym, surrounded by a gold-colored frame.[60]

Eight sportswear manufacturers have supplied Peru's national team. The first, the
German company Adidas, supplied the team's kit in 1978 and 1983-1985. The FPF has
signed contracts with manufacturers from Brazil (Penalty, 1981�82), Canada (Power,
1989-1991), Italy (Diadora, 1991-1992), England (Umbro, 1996-1997, 2010-2018), and
another from Germany (Puma, 1987-1989). The team has also been supplied by three
local firms: Calvo Sporwear (1986-1987), Polmer (1993-1995), and Walon Sport (1998-
2010).[61][62] Since August 2018, the Ecuadorian Marathon Sports produce Peru's
kit.[63]

Stadium
Main article: Estadio Nacional del Per�
Photograph of the exterior of a modern football stadium
Exterior of the Estadio Nacional in 2013.
Photograph of a modern football stadium's interior; the stands are full of
spectators
Interior of the Estadio Nacional in 2011.
The traditional home of Peruvian football is the country's national stadium, the
Estadio Nacional in Lima, which seats 45,000 spectators.[15] The present ground is
the Estadio Nacional's third incarnation, renovated under the Alan Garc�a
administration. Its official re-inauguration, 24 July 2011,[64] marked 88 years to
the day after the original ground opened on the same site in 1923.[65]

To celebrate the centenary of Peru's independence from Spain, Lima's British

community donated the original Estadio Nacional, a wooden structure with a capacity
of 6,000.[65] Construction began on 28 July 1921, overseen by President Augusto B.
Legu�a.[66] The stadium's re-inauguration on 27 October 1952, under the Manuel A.
Odr�a administration, followed an onerous campaign for its renovation led by Miguel
Dasso, president of the Sociedad de Beneficencia de Lima.[67][68] The renovated
stadium boasted a cement structure and larger spectator capacity of 53,000.[66] Its
last redevelopment, in 2011, included the construction of a plaque-covered
exterior, an internal multicoloured illumination system, two giant LED screens, and
375 private suites.[69][70]

A distinctive feature of the ground is the Miguel Dasso Tower on its north side,
which contains luxury boxes (renovated in 2004).[67] The Estadio Nacional currently
has a natural bermudagrass pitch, reinstalled as part of redevelopments completed
in 2011. Previously, the FPF had installed artificial turf in the stadium for the
2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship, making it the only national stadium in CONMEBOL
with such a turf.[71] Despite the synthetic ground's rating of "FIFA Star II", the
highest certification granted to artificial pitches, players accused the turf of
causing them injuries, such as burns and bruises.[72]

Peru sometimes play home matches at other venues. Outside the desert-like coast
region of Lima, the thin atmosphere at the high-altitude Estadio Garcilaso de la
Vega in Cusco has been described as providing strategic advantages for Peru against
certain visiting teams.[73] Other common alternate venues for the national team
include two other grounds in the Peruvian capital�Alianza's Estadio Alejandro
Villanueva and Universitario's Estadio Monumental.[74][75]

The national team's training grounds are located within the Villa Deportiva
Nacional (VIDENA) sports complex in Lima's San Luis district. Since 1981, the
complex is managed by the Peruvian Institute of Sport (IPD).[76] In 2017, following
Peru's qualification for the Russia 2018 World Cup finals, the Peruvian Football
Federation announced the creation of a new complex, the Center of National Teams,
in Lima's Chaclacayo district. The new complex will contain six training grounds
for both the male and the female squads, including the senior and the youth sides.
[77]

Supporters
See also: Football in Peru
Photograph of a large poster, placed on a wall behind a tree, depicting a man
celebrating
Giant poster in the town below Machu Picchu, featuring Edison Flores and the chant
�Arriba Per�!
Football has been the most popular sport in Peru since the early 20th century.[78]
Originally largely exclusive to Lima's Anglophile elite and expatriates, and
secluded from the rest of the city,[79] football became an integral part of wider
popular culture during the 1900s and 1910s. Over the following decades, Augusto
Legu�a's government institutionalised the sport into a national pastime by
promoting and organising its development.[80] Consequently, the national football
team became an important element of Peru's national identity.[81] According to the
historian Carlos Aguirre, nationalist fervor spiked during the qualification phase
for the 1970 World Cup finals, because the revolutionary government of General Juan
Velasco Alvarado tied the national team's success with the alleged cultural,
social, and psychological changes spurred by the country's new political project.
[82]

Peruvian football fans are known for their distinctive cheer �Arriba Per�! ("Onward
Peru!"),[5] unabating popular chant �Vamos peruanos! (Let's go Peruvians!),[83] as
well as for their use of traditional Peruvian m�sica criolla to express support,
both at national team games and at club matches. M�sica criolla attained national
and international recognition with the advent of mass media during the 1930s,
becoming a recognised symbol of Peru and its culture.[84] The national team's most
popular anthems are Peru Campe�n, a polca criolla (Peruvian polka) glorifying
Peru's qualification for the Mexico 1970 World Cup,[84] and Contigo Per�, a vals
criollo (Peruvian waltz) that newspaper El Comercio calls "the hymn of Peruvian
national football teams".[85][F] In 2018, a FIFA-sanctioned worldwide online poll
honoured the "fervent and dedicated group" of Peruvian supporters at that year's
World Cup tournament with the FIFA Fan Award.[87]

The Estadio Nacional disaster of 24 May 1964, involving Peruvian supporters, is

cited as one of the worst tragedies in football history.[88] During a qualifying
match for the 1964 Olympics between Peru's under-20 team and its counterpart from
Argentina, the Uruguayan referee Angel Payos disallowed a would-be Peruvian
equaliser, alleging rough play. Spectators threw missiles from the stands while two
fans invaded the pitch and attacked the referee. Police threw tear gas into the
crowd, causing a stampede; trying to escape, fans were crushed against the
stadium's locked gates. A total of 315 people died in the chaos, with more than 500
others injured.[89]
Rivalries
Main article: Chile�Peru football rivalry
Portrait of two men, dressed in sports attire, looking straight at the viewer
Chile's Ra�l Toro and Peru's Teodoro Fern�ndez, opponents in the 1937 South
American Championship.
The Peru national football team maintains prominent rivalries with its counterparts
from neighbouring Chile and Ecuador. The Peruvians have a favourable record against
Ecuador and a negative record against Chile.[90][91] Peru faced both rivals in the
1939 South American Championship in Lima, which also marked the first time that
Peru faced Ecuador in an official tournament; Peru won both games.[92] Peru also
defeated its rivals during qualifying for the Argentina 1978 World Cup, directly
eliminating both teams.[90][91]

The Chile�Peru football rivalry is known in Spanish as the Cl�sico del Pac�fico
("Pacific Derby").[6] CNN World Sport editor Greg Duke ranks it among the top ten
football rivalries in the world.[93] Peru first faced Chile in the 1935 South
American Championship, defeating it 1�0.[91] The football rivalry between Peru and
Chile, partly a reflection of the geopolitical conflict between both neighboring
states, is primarily a result of both football squads vying for recognition as the
better team in South America's Pacific coast�as their football confederation is
historically dominated by countries in South America's Atlantic coast.[94] The two
countries traditionally compete with each other over the rank of fourth-best
national team in South America (after Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay).[95] They
also both claim to have invented the bicycle kick; Peruvians call it the chalaca,
while it is the chilena in Chile.[96]

The rivalry between the Ecuador and Peru football teams is rooted in the historical
border conflict between the two nations dating back to the 19th century. In 1995,
after the brief Cenepa War, CONMEBOL contemplated altering that year's Copa Am�rica
group stage to prevent a match between the two sides, but ultimately did not.[97]
According to cultural historian Michael Handelsman, Ecuadorian fans consider losses
to Colombia or Peru "an excuse to lament Ecuador's inability to establish itself as
an international soccer power".[98] Handelsman adds that "[t]he rivalries are
intense, and the games always carry an element of national pride and honor".[98]

Players
Current
The following players were selected for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers against
Colombia and Ecuador on 3 and 8 June 2021, respectively.
Caps and goals are correct as of 17 November 2020, after the match against
Argentina.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club

1 GK Pedro Gallese 23 February 1990 (age 31) 66 0 United
States Orlando City
21 GK Jos� Carvallo 1 March 1986 (age 35) 7 0 Peru Universitario
12 GK Carlos C�ceda 27 September 1991 (age 29) 6 0 Peru Melgar
17 DF Luis Adv�ncula 2 March 1990 (age 31) 93 1 Spain Rayo
Vallecano
15 DF Christian Ramos 4 November 1988 (age 32) 75 3 Peru
Universidad C�sar Vallejo
6 DF Miguel Trauco 25 August 1992 (age 28) 51 0 France Saint-
�tienne
3 DF Aldo Corzo 20 May 1989 (age 32) 31 0 Peru Universitario
2 DF Luis Abram 27 February 1996 (age 25) 24 1 Argentina V�lez
Sarsfield
5 DF Miguel Araujo 24 October 1994 (age 26) 19 0 Netherlands
Emmen
4 DF Anderson Santamar�a 10 January 1992 (age 29) 17 0 Mexico
Atlas
22 DF Alexander Callens 4 May 1992 (age 29) 13 1 United States New
York City
8 DF Marcos L�pez 20 November 1999 (age 21) 4 0 United
States San Jose Earthquakes
DF Renzo Garc�s 12 June 1996 (age 24) 0 0 Peru Universidad C�sar
Vallejo
DF Jhilmar Lora 24 October 2000 (age 20) 0 0 Peru Sporting
Cristal
19 MF Yoshimar Yot�n 7 April 1990 (age 31) 96 3 Mexico Cruz Azul
10 MF Christian Cueva 23 November 1991 (age 29) 67 10 Saudi Arabia
Al-Fateh
13 MF Renato Tapia 28 July 1995 (age 25) 56 4 Spain Celta Vigo
23 MF Pedro Aquino 13 April 1995 (age 26) 28 3 Mexico Am�rica
16 MF Sergio Pe�a 28 September 1995 (age 25) 9 0 Netherlands Emmen
MF Alexis Arias 13 December 1995 (age 25) 1 0 Peru Melgar
20 MF Raziel Garc�a 15 February 1994 (age 27) 0 0 Peru
Cienciano
MF Mart�n T�vara 25 March 1999 (age 22) 0 0 Peru Sporting Cristal
9 FW Paolo Guerrero 1 January 1984 (age 37) 101 38 Brazil
Internacional
18 FW Andr� Carrillo 14 June 1991 (age 29) 68 9 Saudi Arabia Al-
Hilal
11 FW Ra�l Ruid�az 25 July 1990 (age 30) 46 4 United States
Seattle Sounders
14 FW Gianluca Lapadula 7 February 1990 (age 31) 2 0 Italy
Benevento
7 FW Luis Iberico 6 February 1998 (age 23) 0 0 Peru Melgar
FW Alex Valera 16 May 1996 (age 25) 0 0 Peru Universitario
Recent
The players listed below were not included in the current squad, but have been
called up by Peru in the last 12 months.
Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up
GK Renato Sol�s 28 January 1998 (age 23) 0 0 Peru Sporting
Cristal Copa America 2021
DF Carlos Zambrano 10 July 1989 (age 31) 54 4 Argentina Boca Juniors
Copa America 2021
DF Nilson Loyola 26 October 1994 (age 26) 7 0 Peru Sporting
Cristal Copa America 2021
DF Kluiverth Aguilar 5 May 2003 (age 18) 0 0 Peru Alianza Lima Copa
America 2021
DF Josu� Estrada 7 September 1994 (age 26) 0 0 Peru UTC Copa
America 2021
DF Paolo Reyna 13 October 2001 (age 19) 0 0 Peru Melgar Copa America
2021
DF Jean-Pierre Rhyner 16 March 1996 (age 25) 0 0 Netherlands Emmen
Copa America 2021
DF Ar�n S�nchez 4 May 2003 (age 18) 0 0 Peru Cantolao Copa
America 2021
DF Paolo Fuentes 11 May 1996 (age 25) 0 0 Peru Sport Boys
Microcycle, September 2020
MF Christofer Gonz�les WD 12 October 1992 (age 28) 25 2 Peru
Sporting Cristal v. Colombia, 3 June 2021
MF Cristian Benavente 19 May 1994 (age 27) 19 2 Belgium Charleroi
Copa America 2021
MF Joel S�nchez 11 June 1989 (age 31) 11 0 Peru Melgar Copa America
2021
MF Wilder Cartagena 23 September 1994 (age 26) 6 0 Argentina Godoy
Cruz Copa America 2021
MF Horacio Calcaterra 22 February 1989 (age 32) 5 0 Peru
Sporting Cristal Copa America 2021
MF Gabriel Costa 2 April 1990 (age 31) 2 0 Chile Colo-Colo Copa
America 2021
MF David Dioses 20 February 1996 (age 25) 0 0 Peru Mannucci
Copa America 2021
MF Jorge Murrugarra 22 March 1997 (age 24) 0 0 Peru Universitario
Copa America 2021
MF Armando Alfageme 3 November 1990 (age 30) 2 0 Peru Universitario
Microcycle, September 2020
MF Jes�s Pretell 26 March 1999 (age 22) 1 0 Peru Sporting Cristal
Microcycle, September 2020
MF Yamir Oliva 17 January 1996 (age 25) 0 0 Peru Alianza Lima
Microcycle, September 2020
MF Rodrigo Vilca 12 March 1999 (age 22) 0 0 England Newcastle United
Microcycle, September 2020
FW Edison Flores INJ 15 May 1994 (age 27) 53 13 United States D.C.
United v. Colombia, 3 June 2021
FW Jefferson Farf�n INJ 26 October 1984 (age 36) 97 27 Peru Alianza
Lima Copa America 2021
FW Christopher Olivares INJ 3 April 1999 (age 22) 0 0 Peru
Sporting Cristal Copa America 2021
FW Santiago Orme�o 4 February 1994 (age 27) 0 0 Mexico Puebla
Copa America 2021
FW Erinson Ram�rez 15 March 1998 (age 23) 0 0 Peru Deportivo Municipal
Copa America 2021
FW Aldair Rodr�guez 6 August 1994 (age 26) 0 0 Colombia Am�rica de Cali
Copa America 2021
FW Andy PoloINJ 29 September 1994 (age 26) 34 1 United States
Portland Timbers v. Argentina, 17 November 2020
FW Mat�as Succar 16 February 1999 (age 22) 0 0 Austria LASK
v. Brazil, 13 October 2020
FW Yordy Reyna WD 17 September 1993 (age 27) 28 2 United States D.C.
United v. Paraguay, 8 October 2020
FW Oslimg Mora 2 June 1999 (age 21) 0 0 Peru Alianza Lima Microcycle,
September 2020
FW Sandro Rengifo 31 October 1995 (age 25) 0 0 Peru Cusco
Microcycle, September 2020
FW Kevin Sandoval 3 May 1997 (age 24) 0 0 Peru Cienciano
Microcycle, September 2020
INJ Withdrew due to injury
PRE Preliminary squad
SUS Suspended
WD Withdrew from the squad

Notable
Main article: List of Peru international footballers
Photo of three men, wearing all-white uniforms marked by a red diagonal stripe in
their jerseys, inside a stadium filled with spectators
Hugo Sotil, Te�filo Cubillas, and Roberto Challe (left to right) at the Estadio
Nacional in 1973.
A report published by CONMEBOL in 2008 described Peru as traditionally exhibiting
an "elegant, technical and fine football style", and praised it as "one of the most
loyal exponents of South American football talent".[99] In 2017, Argentine manager
Ricardo Gareca described Peruvian footballers as "technically sound, [physically]
strong and adaptable", adding that their adaptability resulted from Peru's diverse
geography.[100]
Peruvian players noted in the CONMEBOL report as "true artists of the ball" include
forwards Te�filo Cubillas, Pedro Pablo Le�n and Hugo Sotil, defender H�ctor
Chumpitaz and midfielders Roberto Challe, C�sar Cueto, Jos� del Solar, and Roberto
Palacios.[99] Cubillas, an attacking midfielder and forward popularly known as El
Nene ("The Kid"), is widely regarded as Peru's greatest ever player.[101] Chumpitaz
is often cited as the team's best defender; Witzig lists him among his "Best
Players of the Modern Era", and praises him as "a strong reader of the game with
excellent ball skills and distribution, [who] marshalled a capable defence to
support Peru's attack".[102] El Gr�fico, an Argentine sports journal, described
Cueto, Cubillas, and Jos� Vel�squez as, collectively, "the best [midfield] in the
world" in 1978.[103]

Before Cubillas' appearance, Teodoro "Lolo" Fern�ndez, a forward nicknamed El

Ca�onero ("The Cannoneer"), held the status of Peru's greatest player�due to his
powerful shots, marksmanship, and club loyalty to Universitario.[104] Fern�ndez
participated as a key member of the Rodillo Negro team of the 1930s, along with
Alejandro Villanueva and Juan Valdivieso.[105] Fern�ndez scored most of the team's
goals; his partner in attack, the gifted playmaker Villanueva, awed audiences with
his acrobatic skills. Goalkeeper Valdivieso had a reputation as a penalty stopper
with exceptional athleticism.[106]

In 1972, teams representing Europe and South America played a commemorative match
in Basel, Switzerland, for the benefit of homeless children. Cubillas, Chumpitaz,
Sotil, and Julio Bayl�n played in the South American team, which won the game 2�0;
Cubillas scored the first goal.[107] The teams held another match the following
year, at Barcelona's Camp Nou, with the declared intent of fighting global poverty.
Cubillas, Chumpitaz, and Sotil again participated, with Chumpitaz named South
America's captain. Each of the Peruvians scored in a 4�4 draw, which South America
won 7�6 on penalties.[108]

Managers
Main article: Peru national football team manager
Photo of a man with a moustache, wearing a sports outfit, in a thoughtful pose
Didi managed Peru at the Mexico 1970 World Cup.
A total of 59 managers have led the Peru national football team since 1927
(including multiple spells separately); of these, 36 have been from Peru and 23
have been from abroad.[109] Sports analysts and historians generally consider
Peru's most successful managers to have been the Englishman Jack Greenwell and the
Peruvian Marcos Calder�n. The former managed Peru to triumph in the 1938 Bolivarian
Games and the 1939 South American Championship, and the latter led Peru to victory
in the 1975 Copa Am�rica tournament and coached it at the 1978 FIFA World Cup.[110]
[111] Three other managers have led Peru to tournament victories�Juan Carlos
Oblitas, Freddy Ternero, and Sergio Markari�n each oversaw Peru's victory in the
Kirin Cup in Japan, in 1999, 2005 and 2011, respectively.[112]

Soon after forming Peru's national football team, the FPF invited Uruguayan coaches
Pedro Olivieri and Julio Borelli to manage the squad. Olivieri received the FPF's
first appointment, for the 1927 South American Championship, due to his prior
experience managing Uruguay. Borelli became the national team's second manager, for
the 1929 South American Championship, after some years of refereeing football
matches in Peru.[113] The Spaniard Francisco Bru, Peru's third manager and first
World Cup coach at the inaugural tournament in 1930, previously had been Spain's
first manager.[110] The FPF next appointed the national team's first Peruvian
coach, Telmo Carbajo, for the 1935 South American Championship.[109] The team's
manager since 2015 is the Argentine Ricardo Gareca.[49]

Managers that brought outstanding changes to the Peru national team's style of play
include the Hungarian Gy�rgy Orth and the Brazilians Didi and Tim. Orth coached
Peru from 1957 to 1959; sports historian Andreas Campomar cites Peru's "4�1
thrashing of England in Lima" as evidence of Orth's positive influence over the
national team's offensive game.[114] V�ctor Ben�tez, Peru's defensive midfielder
under Orth, attributes the Hungarian with maximizing the team's potential by
accurately placing each player in their optimal positions.[115] Didi coached Peru
from 1968 to 1970 and managed it at the 1970 FIFA World Cup; Campomar attributes
Didi's tactics as the reason for Peru's development of a "free-flowing football"
style.[114] Placar, a Brazilian sports journal, attributed Tim, who managed Peru at
the 1982 FIFA World Cup, with making Peru "a team that plays beautiful, combining
efficiency with that swagger that people thought only existed in Brazil".[116]

Competitive records
FIFA World Cup
Main article: Peru at the FIFA World Cup
An action shot from a football match. A goalkeeper jumps and catches the ball.
Peru's match against Romania at the 1930 World Cup.
Peru has taken part in the World Cup finals five times. The Peruvian team competed
at the first World Cup in 1930 by invitation, and has entered each tournament at
the qualifying stage since 1958, qualifying for the finals four times: in 1970,
1978, 1982 and 2018. Its all-time record in World Cup qualifying matches, as of
2017, stands at 43 wins, 37 draws and 69 losses. In the finals, the team has won
five matches, drawn three and lost ten, with 21 goals in favour and 33 against.[23]
Peru won the inaugural FIFA Fair Play Trophy, awarded at the 1970 World Cup, having
been the only team not to receive any yellow or red cards during the competition.
[34] Peru has the peculiar distinction of facing the future FIFA World Cup
champions during the tournament's finals phase.[117]

Luis de Souza Ferreira scored Peru's first World Cup goal on 14 July 1930, in a
match against Romania.[118] Jos� Vel�squez scored Peru's fastest World Cup finals
goal�that is, that scored soonest after kick-off�two minutes into the match against
Iran on 11 June 1978.[119] Jefferson Farf�n is Peru's top scorer and fifth-overall
top scorer in CONMEBOL World Cup qualification, with 16 goals.[120] Te�filo
Cubillas is the team's top scorer in the World Cup finals, with 10 goals in 13
games.[121] During the 1930 competition, a Peruvian became the first player sent
off in a World Cup�his identity is disputed between sources.[G] Peru's Ram�n
Quiroga holds the unusual record of being the only goalkeeper to commit a foul in
the opponent's side of the pitch in a match at the World Cup finals.[124]

Peru's FIFA World Cup record

Copa Am�rica
Main article: Peru at the Copa Am�rica
An action shot from a football match. A player scores from a bicycle kick.
Peru's match against Chile at the 1975 Copa Am�rica.
Peru's national team has taken part in 32 editions of the Copa Am�rica since 1927,
and has won the competition twice (in 1939 and 1975). The country has hosted the
tournament six times (in 1927, 1935, 1939, 1953, 1957 and 2004). Peru's overall
record in the competition is 52 victories, 33 draws, and 57 losses.[23] Peru won
the Fair Play award in the 2015 edition.[125]

Demetrio Neyra scored Peru's first goal in the competition on 13 November 1927, in
a match against Bolivia.[58] Christian Cueva scored Peru's fastest Copa Am�rica
goal, two minutes into the match against Brazil on 14 June 2015.[126] Four
tournaments have featured a Peruvian top scorer�Teodoro Fern�ndez in 1939 and Paolo
Guerrero in 2011, 2015, and 2019.[127][128] Fern�ndez, the Copa Am�rica's third-
overall scorer, was named best player of the 1939 tournament; Te�filo Cubillas,
voted the best player in the 1975 competition, is the only other Peruvian to win
this award.[129]

Peru earned its first continental title in 1939, when it won the South American
Championship with successive victories over Ecuador, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.
This marked the first time that the competition had been won by a team other than
Uruguay, Brazil, or Argentina.[130] Peru became South American champions for the
second time in 1975, when it won that year's Copa Am�rica, the first to feature all
ten CONMEBOL members.[131] Peru came top of their group in the first round,
eliminating Chile and Bolivia, and in the semi-finals drew with Brazil over two
legs, winning 3�1 in Brazil but losing 2�0 at home. Peru was declared the winner by
drawing of lots. In the two-legged final between Colombia and Peru, both teams won
their respective home games (1�0 in Bogota and 2�0 in Lima), forcing a play-off in
Caracas that Peru won 1�0.[132]

Peru's South American Championship/Copa Am�rica record

CONCACAF Gold Cup
Main article: Peru at the CONCACAF Gold Cup
Peru competed in the CONCACAF Gold Cup's fifth edition in 2000. Peru participated,
along with Colombia and South Korea, as that year's invitees. The Peruvian team's
overall record in the tournament is 1 victory, 1 draw, and 2 losses.[23]

Ysrael Z��iga scored Peru's first goal in the competition on 14 February 2000, in a
match against Haiti. Roberto Palacios, the team's top scorer with two goals in four
matches, received a spot in that year's "team of the tournament", comprising the
competition's eleven best players.[133]

Peru progressed past the North American tournament's first stage, despite not
winning any of its matches, as the second-best ranked team in Group B behind the
United States.[133] Peru next defeated Honduras 5�3 in a heated quarter-finals
match that ended a minute early due to a pitch invasion by irate Honduran fans.
[134] Colombia defeated Peru 2�1 in the semi-finals, in a match that included an
own goal from Peru's Marcial Salazar.[133]

Olympic Games
See also: Peru at the Olympics
An action shot from a football match. A goalkeeper jumps and punches the ball away
from his goalmouth
Peru playing against Austria in the 1936 Olympic football tournament.
Peru's senior side has competed in the Olympic football tournament once, at the
1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. The multiracial 1936 team has been
latterly described by historian David Goldblatt as "the jewel of the country's
first Olympic delegation".[135] It had a record of two victories, scoring 11 goals
and conceding 5.[23]

Teodoro Fern�ndez scored Peru's first goal in the tournament in the match against
Finland on 6 August, and finished as the team's top scorer with six goals in two
games, including Peru's only hat-trick at the Olympics.[136]

The 1935 South American Championship in Lima acted as the qualifying stage for the
1936 Olympic tournament. Uruguay won undefeated and Argentina came second, but
neither took up their Olympic spot because of economic issues. Peru, who had come
third, duly represented South America.[7][137] The Peruvian team began the
competition with a 7�3 win over Finland,[136] after which it faced Austria, managed
by Jimmy Hogan and popularly known as the Wunderteam, in the quarter-finals.[H]
After the game ended 2�2, Peru scored twice in extra time to win 4�2.[141] Peru
expected to then face Poland in the semi-finals, but events off the pitch led to
the withdrawal of Peru's Olympic delegation before the match.[I]

Team records
Main articles: Peru national football team records and statistics and Peru national
football team results (2020�present)
Two men in athletic wear
Farf�n (left) and Guerrero training with the Peru national football team in 2018.
The Peru national football team has played 645 matches since 1927, including
friendlies.[23] The largest margin of victory achieved by a Peru side is 9�1
against Ecuador, on 11 August 1938 at the Bolivarian Games in Colombia. The team's
record deficit, 7�0, occurred against Brazil at the 1997 Copa Am�rica in Bolivia.
[23]

The Peruvian player with the most international caps is Roberto Palacios, 128 times
from 1992 to 2007. Second is H�ctor Chumpitaz, with 105 appearances; Paolo Guerrero
is third with 102. The most capped goalkeeper in national team play is Pedro
Gallese with 62 appearances. Second is �scar Ib��ez with 50 appearances; Miguel
Miranda is third with 47.[8]

The team's all-time top goalscorer is Paolo Guerrero, with 38 goals in 102
appearances. He is followed by Jefferson Farf�n, with 27 goals in 95 appearances.
Third is Te�filo Cubillas, who scored 26 goals in 81 appearances.[8] Teodoro
Fern�ndez, with 24 goals in 32 games, holds the top goal-per-appearance record of
its top 10 scorers.[8] Claudio Pizarro scored Peru's fastest goal, less than a
minute into a match against Mexico on 20 August 2003.[144]

Peru's current captain is forward Paolo Guerrero.[1] Midfielder Leopoldo Basurto

was the team's first captain.[145] Defender H�ctor Chumpitaz held the Peruvian
team's leadership position for the longest time, between 1965 and 1981.[1] Forward
Claudio Pizarro had the second-longest tenure as captain, from 2003 to 2016.[145]
Other notable captains include Rub�n D�az (1981�1985), Julio C�sar Uribe
(1987�1989), Juan Reynoso (1993�1999), and Nolberto Solano (2000�2003).[1]

See also
icon Association football portal
flag Peru portal
Peru national football team indiscipline scandals
Peru women's national football team
Peru Olympic football team
Peru national under-20 football team
Peru national under-17 football team
Peru national beach soccer team
Peru national futsal team
Peruvian Primera Divisi�n
Sport in Peru
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Aguirre, Carlos (2013). "<<Per� Campe�n>>: Fiebre Futbol�stica y Nacionalismo en
1970". In Aguirre, Carlos; Panfichi, Aldo (eds.). Lima, Siglo XX: Cultura,
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Notes and references
Notes
The acronym FPF comes from the organisation's Spanish name, Federaci�n Peruana de
Futbol.
The Lima Cricket and Football Club might be the oldest club in the Americas that
today plays association football.[10]
During these games in Callao, the Peruvians possibly invented the bicycle kick,
which is known in Peru as the chalaca (meaning "from Callao").[16]
The European press also named them the "Peru-Chile XI", the "South American Team",
and the "All-Pacific". Most players were from Peru's Universitario de Deportes,
with reinforcements from Alianza Lima, Atl�tico Chalaco, and Chile's Colo-Colo.[19]
In 2008, FIFA suspended the Peru national team and football league�citing
political interference�after Peru's government impeded the re-election of FPF
president Burga, charging him with not complying FPF statutes according to Peruvian
law. In December 2008, FIFA lifted sanctions after the Peruvian Institute of Sport
(IPD) agreed to negotiate with the FPF.[44]
Peru's unsuccessful World Cup finals qualification attempts, from Mexico 1986
until Russia 2018, cemented the fans' nostalgia for the 1970s' golden era and
increased the popularity of Peru Campe�n.[86]
FIFA lists the player as defender Pl�cido Galindo,[122] but forward Souza Ferreira
and other sources list midfielder Mario de las Casas.[123]
Although an amateur side in 1936 with no players from their 1934 World Cup team,
[138] Austria's 1936 Olympic side is also considered part of the Wunderteam by
sports historians and FIFA. This favours the idea that the Wunderteam was primarily
a strategic creation of coaches Jimmy Hogan and Hugo Meisl.[139][140]
Austria disputed the 4�2 result, asserting that Peruvian fans had invaded the
pitch.[142] While some spectators did encroach on the field of play, the
authorities never confirmed their nationality. Moreover, the Peruvians had no
responsibility over crowd control in the German stadium.[143] A FIFA committee
headed by Jules Rimet ordered a replay behind closed doors, a suggestion that
prompted Peru's President �scar R. Benavides to withdraw his entire Olympic
delegation in protest.[142]
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peru national association football
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Achievements
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Copa Am�rica � Champions
Preceded by
Inaugural Champions Bolivarian Champions
1938 (First title) Succeeded by
U-20 Peru
Preceded by
1937 Argentina South American Champions
1939 (First title) Succeeded by
1941 Argentina
Preceded by
1967 Uruguay South American Champions
1975 (Second title) Succeeded by
1979 Paraguay
Preceded by
1998 Japan Kirin Cup Champions
1999 (First title, shared) Succeeded by
2000 Slovakia
Preceded by
2004 Japan Kirin Cup Champions
2005 (Second title, shared) Succeeded by
2006 Scotland
Preceded by
2009 Japan Kirin Cup Champions
2011 (Third title, shared) Succeeded by
2016 Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Peru national football team
Peru squads at the Copa Am�rica
Peru squads at World Cup final tournaments
Peru squads at the Summer Olympics
World Cup final tournaments featuring Peru
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Peru Football in Peru
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National football teams of South America (CONMEBOL)
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Peru National sports teams of Peru
Categories: Peru national football team1927 establishments in PeruSouth American
national association football teams