Rumusan Direct 

and Indirect Speech

halo semuanya, sebelum memulai lebih jauh, kalian harus tahu dulu seperti apa
rumusan direct speech dan indirect speech untuk tiap jenis kalimat:

(lihat deh titik pertama formula di bawah ini, tanda panah itu maksudnya kalo
kalimat langsungnya present simple maka saat menjadi kalimat tidak langsung, dia
akan berubah menjadi past simple tense. Contoh lebih lanjut bisa kalian lihat
dibagian II.)

I. Formula Perubahan

 Present Simple Tense → Past Simple Tense Present Continuous Tense →

Past Continuous Tense
 Present Perfect Tense → Past Perfect Tense
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense → Past Perfect Continuous Tense
 Past Simple Tense → Past Perfect Tense
 Past Continuous Tense → Perfect Continuous Tense
 Past Perfect Tense (tidak berubah)
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense (tidak berubah)
 Future Simple Tense → “would”
 Future Continuous Tense → “would be”
 Future Perfect Tense → “would have”
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense → “would have been”

II. Berikut contoh-contohnya:

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Present Simple to Past Simple

He said that he studied
He said, “I study French”. French.
Daddy said, “We work so Daddy said that they worked
hard”. so hard.

Present Continuous to Past Continuous

She said, “I’m waiting for She said that she was
my boyfriend”. waiting for her boyfriend.
Jimmy said, “They are Jimmy said that they were
studying Bahasa”. studying Bahasa.

1
Present Perfect to Past Perfect
Debora said, “I have Debora said that she had
completed the task”. completed the task.
She said, “I have met my She said that she had met
prince”. her prince.

Present Perfect Continuous to Past Perfect

Continuous
They said, “We have They said that they had
been waiting in the line for been waiting in the line for 3
3 hours”. hours.
She said, “I have been She said that she had been
living in Indonesia since living in Indonesia since
born”. born.

Past Simple to Past Perfect

He said, “I bought a new He said that he had bought
book”. a new book.
They said, “We went for a They said that they had
walk”. gone for a walk.

Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous

My kids said, “We were My kids said that they had
swimming in the pool”. been swimming in the pool.
She said, “I was not She said that she had not
making a cake”. been making a cake.

Past Perfect (tidak berubah)

He said, “I had won her He said that he had won her
heart”. heart.
They said, “We had not They said that they had not
received the paper”. received the paper.

Future Simple Tense (Will) to Would

Gary said, “I will go to Gary said that he would go
New York”. to New York.
She said, “I will start a She said that she would
new life”. start a new life.

2
Future Continuous Tense (Will be) to Would be
Jenny said, “I will be Jenny said that she would
feeding my dog”. be feeding her dog.
Ray said, “I will be waiting Ray said that he would be
for you at home”. waiting for me at home.

Future Perfect Tense (Will Have) to Would Have

Mom said, “I will have Mom said that she would
cleaned the shirt”. have cleaned the shirt.
Fifi said, “I will have called Fifi said that she would have
my mom”. called her mom.

III. Soal Latihan direct indirect speech

( Gampang kok, nyontek sama teori di atas jah) good luck.

1. Direct Speech : She said, “I will go to the market”.

Indirect Speech : ___________________________

2. Direct Speech : Ray said, “I have completed the series.”

Indirect Speech : _______________________________

3. Direct Speech : He said, “I work from 9 to 10”.

Indirect Speech : _________________________

4. Direct Speech : They said, “We have been living in the forest for 4 years”.

Indirect Speech : _____________________________________________

5. Direct Speech : My brother said, “We were playing at the park”.

Indirect Speech : _____________________________________