LAMBINO, CHARLES JAY B.

PHYSICAL SCIENCE │MODULE 3

ABM 12B MARCH 3, 2021
ASSIGNMENT:

1. What factors describe the polarity of a molecule?

There are millions of different molecules, and there are many ways to sort them. One way
to classify them is based on polarity. Polarity means having dipoles, a positive and a negative end.
Based on polarity, molecules can be polar or non-polar. And you can tell if a molecule is polar or
non-polar based on the shape of the molecule and the polarity of the individual bonds present in
the molecule.

2. What is the comparison of polar and non-polar molecules?

Polar molecules occur when there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded
atoms and their dipole moments do not add up to zero or do not cancel out. While on the other
hand, Non-polar molecules occur when electrons are shared equal between atoms of a diatomic
molecule or when polar bonds in a larger molecule cancel each other out and their dipole
moments add up to zero they cancel out.

3. Insight examples of polar and non-polar molecules.

Water is polar. Any molecule with lone pairs of electrons around the central atom is polar.
Methanol is polar. This is not a symmetric molecule. The −OH side is different from the other 3
−H sides.
Hydrogen cyanide is polar. The molecule is not symmetric. The nitrogen and hydrogen have
different electronegativities, creating an uneven pull on the electrons.
Oxygen is non-polar. The molecule is symmetric. The two oxygen atoms pull on the electrons by
exactly the same amount.
Propane is non-polar, because it is symmetric, with H atoms bonded to every side around the
central atoms and no unshared pairs of electrons.

4. Are all linear/bent molecules polar? Why or why not?

Mostly, yes. Because, linear/bent molecules are asymmetrical just like trigonal pyramids
and that means that they are polar molecules. And not all of the atoms connected to the central
atom are the same. The C—N bond is polar, and is not canceled out by the non-polar C—H bond.

5. Give at least 5 example of Polar and Non-polar molecule.

POLAR MOLECULES NON-POLAR MOLECULES

Water Oxygen

Hydrogen Propane

Ammonia Carbon Dioxide

Sulfur Dioxide Methane

Hydrogen Sulfide Ethylene