A.

Wetland Fields

Morphology: Grasses

Scientific Name English Name Habitat Life Cycle Characteristics

Echinochloa colona Jungle Rice Wetland Annual Seeds does not have awns (hair like
structure)

Echinochloa crusgalli spp. Barnyard grass Wetland Annual Seeds have long awns
hispidula

Echinochloa glabrescens Barnyard grass Wetland Annual Seeds have shorter awns

Leptochloa chinensis Sprangle Top Wetland Annual Spikelets have downward panicle

Paspalum distichum Knot Grass Wetland Perennial Broader leaves, longer internodes

Morphology: Sedges

Cyperus difformis Small flower Wetland Annual Triangular stem, has three leaves each,
umbrella plant
(payong-payongan)

Cyperus iria Rice Flat Sedge Wetland Annual Yellowish green spikelets

Cyperus rotundus Purple nutsedge Wetland/dryl Perennial Most problematic/ difficult to control,
and purple brown flower, tubers

Fimbristylis littoralis Fimbristylis Wetland Annual Four to five sides of stem, brown ovate
spikelets

Scirpus maritimus Bulrush Wetland

Morphology: Broad leaves

Ludwigia octovalvis Water purslane Wetland Annual Yellow four-petaled flower,

Monochoria vaginalis Pickerel Weed (Gabi- Wetland Annual Gabi like leaves
gabihan)

Pistia stratiotes Water Lettuce Wetland Perennial Lettuce like

Sphenoclea zeylanicac Goose Weed Wetland Annual Has ovate spikelets

Oryza sativa Weedy rice Wetland Annual brown rice plant, shattering seeds

B. Dry Land Fields

Morphology: Grasses

Cenchrus echinatus Southern sandbur Dry Land Annual Hooks and spikes are present in seeds

Cynodon dactylon Bermuda Grass Dry Land Perennial Narrow, pointy, thin leaves

Dactyloctenium aegytium Crowfoot grass Dry Land Annual Crow foot like; long and thick

Digitaria ciliaris Large crabgrass Dry Land Annual Panicles are like digits

Echinochloa colona Jungle rice Dry Land Annual Seeds does not have awns (hair like
structure)

Eleusine indica Goose grass Dry Land Annual Goose foot like; thin and long

Imperata cylindrica Cogon Dry Land Perennial Pappus- white hair like structure in seeds,
spiky flower
Paspalidium flavidum Paspalidum Dry Land Annual Spikelets are attached to stem

Rottoboellia cochinchinensis Itch grass Dry Land Annual Sharp trichomes, every segments have
one seed

Sedges Dry Land

Cyperus rotundus Purple Nutsedge Dry Land Annual Most difficult weed to control, purple
brown flower, tubers

Broad Leaves

Ageratum conyzoides Tropic argeratum Dry Land Annual White seed head

Amaranthus spinosus Spiny amaranth Dry Land Annual With spines

Amaranthus viridis Slender amaranth Dry Land Annual Spineless

Bidens pilosa Beggarticks Dry Land Annual Seed head clings on clothes, have spiky
seeds, white flower

Celosia argentea Celosia Dry Land Annual Spike like flower, flowers are purple in
color when young

Cleome rutidosperma Spindle top Dry Land Annual

Commelina benghalensis Dayflower Dry Land Annual Broader leaves, flower has two blue
petals and one white

Commelina diffusa Spreading dayflower Dry Land Perennial Flower has three blue petals

(sinearch ko lang to lol di ko alam kung

totoo)

Eclipta prostrata Eclipta Dry Land Annual

Euphorbia hirta Garden spurge Dry Land Annual Medicinal plant, circular fruits, compound
amble
(tawa-tawa)

Heliotropium indicum Indian heliotrope Dry Land Annual

Ipomoea triloba Three-lobe morning Dry Land Annual Heart-shaped leaves, purple flower
glory

Lantana camara Lantana Dry Land Perennial Multicolored flower, circular fruits

Mimosa pudica Sensitive plant Dry Land Annual Pink/purple flower

Thigmonasty- response to touch

Nyctinasty- response to darkness

Portolaca oleracea Common purslane Dry Land Annual

Synedrella nodiflora Synedrella Dry Land Annual Yellow flower

Trianthema portulacastarm Horse purslane Dry Land Annual Broader leaves than the common
purslane

Tridax procumbens Tridax Dry Land Annual Single flower

Vernonia cinerea Little iron weed Dry Land Annual Purple seed head if young, purple when
adult