ENGLISH 8

Quarter 3 – Week 5
Changing the World One Speech at a Time

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Use appropriate cohesive devices in various speech type

Kimberly F. Cabigao and Christine D. Pastrana

Authors

To the Learners
This module is a self-learning material that will help you learn to identify and use
appropriate cohesive devices in speech writing and delivery. This essential learning
competency will aid you in recognizing the need to establish relationships between the
ideas that you want to present.
Carefully read and follow the instructions; write your discoveries on your notebook;
and don’t be shy to ask questions if you find some parts challenging. Write your answers
on the provided answer sheet. Believe that you can do it!

Expectations
Begin with the end in mind to focus on the goals of an activity. To guide you in your
journey, here are the expectations that you must meet:
• recall signal words that indicate connection of ideas (additive, causative,
conditional, sequential, and clarifying);
• recognize the importance of coherence in speech;
• identify different types of speeches considering their intended purpose,
audience, and style; and
• use appropriate cohesive devices in creating an organized, coherent,
and substantial speech.
Know that you can achieve these objectives when you take time to understand and
accomplish each activity in this material. Go for the goal!

Pre-test
Before you start, you need to check what you already know about this lesson to
identify your points of strength and improvement. Complete the speech by identifying the
appropriate cohesive device. Choose from the choices in the box.
contrary first however in addition initially
lastly like second third to end

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

(Adapted from Unicef.org/Vietnam)

A novel coronavirus (CoV) is a new strain of coronavirus. (1)

________, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan,
China, has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – ‘CO’ stands
for corona, ‘VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. (2) ________ other respiratory
illnesses, it can cause mild symptoms including a runny nose, sore throat, cough,
and fever. It can be more severe for some persons and can lead to pneumonia
or breathing difficulties and organ failure.
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 It is possible for people of any age to be infected with the virus, (3)
________, there are significant secondary impacts on children. The virus is fatal
in rare cases, mainly with older people with pre-existing medical conditions.
In order to protect yourself and your family, you can take these
four precautions to avoid infection (4) ________, always remember to wash
your hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub. (5)
________, cover your mouth and nose with a flexed elbow or tissue, when
coughing or sneezing, and throw away the tissue into a closed bin. (6)
________, avoid close contact with anyone who has cold or flu-like symptoms
(7) ________, go to the doctor if you have a fever, cough or feel that it is difficult
to breathe.
(8) ________, in our fight against an invisible enemy, we need to be
vigilant in taking care of our health by doing these simple actions. Be informed,
be healthy, be safe!

Which items were you able to answer easily? Which part challenged you? This
module shall help you improve your present knowledge and skill in the use of cohesive
devices in various types of speech. Let’s start!

Looking Back
In the previous quarter, you studied the types and functions of signal words in a
composition.
Signal words, just as their name suggests, “signal” or show the connection
between ideas. They can indicate sequence, addition, comparison, contrast, causation,
illustration, or emphasis. Check out these examples:
Everyone has a role to play in the fight against COVID-19 because it is a global concern.
(causation)
First, we need to recognize that being mindful of our own hygiene is important. Second,
we have to socially distance ourselves from others to avoid virus transmission. (sequence)
To flatten the curve, the government must implement systematic and effective measures
to counter the spread of the virus. In addition, proper contact tracing and reliable testing
will help us monitor the cases of COVID-19. (addition)

Keep these concepts in mind as you tread in this lesson. You are now ready to
proceed with the discussion. Stay focused!

Introduction
In the past quarters, you learned that it is important to organize and substantiate
the ideas that you write. These standards can be achieved by using signal words or
cohesive devices in your composition. Cohesive devices are words or phrases that make
a composition connected and unified. By adding them in your writing, you can readily
state the connection between your thoughts.
Similar to writing, you must also use cohesive devices in speaking, especially
during formal speeches. Cohesive devices help you in your speech through:
➢ organizing your ideas as you present them,
➢ highlighting your main and important points,
➢ transitioning from one idea to another point,

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 ➢ clarifying your intention and meaning, and
➢ guiding your audience in identifying the parts of your speech.
In the next part of the module, you will read the speech of the president of Korea,
His Excellency Moon Jae-in during the World Health Assembly. As you read, observe the
highlighted words and their value in the speech.

Task 1: Reading Text

Carefully read the speech and answer the questions that follow.

“Freedom for all”

(Adapted from Address by His Excellency Moon Jae-in, President of the Republic of Korea, at the 73rd
World Health Assembly (held May18-19, 2020))

Honorable Chair and Director-General, Delegates from various nations

I find it greatly meaningful to speak before the World Health Assembly, a gathering
convened to overcome COVID-19 and usher in new hope. First of all, I would like to
offer my deepest condolences and words of comfort to the victims of COVID-19 all over
the world. Moreover, my utmost respect and gratitude go to the medical and quarantine
professionals in each country putting themselves at risk to protect the health and safety
of humanity.
Today, I would like to introduce to you the choice made by the Korean people to
overcome COVID-19 —the choice of a freedom for all. In this moment of crisis and
challenge, the Korean people made a bold decision. We took our own individual
freedoms and turned it to an even greater freedom—freedom for all.
Rather than regarding our neighbors as dangerous spreaders of the virus or
enforcing nationwide lockdown measures, we chose to protect their safety for the sake
of our own safety. In order to uphold free movement and keep the economy going, the
Korean people chose to wear face masks, and participate actively in social distancing.
Even in the face of this social distancing, however, we grew closer and our hearts
fonder. Healthcare workers gave their all through volunteer service, while citizens
encouraged them through various acts of sharing. In the recent nationwide general
elections, despite the rigorous quarantine procedures in place, over 29 million Korean
voters went to the ballots. As a result, we had a true celebration of democracy all
without a single new infection, with an even higher voter turnout than usual.
The Republic of Korea, however, has not yet achieved complete victory over this
virus. We have transitioned from social distancing to routine distancing and are working
to balance our daily lives with ongoing quarantine efforts, and yet we are still seeing
instances of sporadic cluster infections. Moreover, the ongoing global pandemic still
poses grave threats. If we do not come up with a viable treatment option or a vaccine,
a new wave of infections could break out once again. However, one thing is absolutely
clear. Sharing information and cooperating with one another demonstrate a power that
no virus will ever have—a power that only humans possess. COVID-19 is threatening
our freedoms, a universal virtue of all humankind, but it is solidarity and cooperation,
based on such freedoms, that will prove to be the strongest weapon we have to triumph
over COVID-19.
Source: Korean Embassy to the Philippines

Comprehension Questions:
1. What is the speech about?
2. To whom is the speech addressed?
3. What is the purpose of the speech?

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 4. What are the highlighted words?
5. How do these words or phrases help improve the clarity of the speech?

The speech of President Moon is a good example of a coherent and sensible

speech. Through his effective use of cohesive devices, he successfully expressed his
important message to the assembly. As a nation leader and representative, he has the
responsibility to present himself and his nation well by speaking sensibly.

DIFFERENT SPEECH TYPES

Just like him, you need to learn how to present your ideas in the best way that
your audience will understand.
A speech is a formal talk given usually to a large number of people on a special
occasion (cambridge.dictionary.org). This definition highlights several factors that you
need to consider when delivering a speech:
1. Content
a. What do you want to say?
b. Are your points organized well?
c. Do you have an interesting introduction? body? conclusion?
d. What details can substantiate, explain, or describe your points?
2. Audience
a. Who is your intended audience?
b. Will they appreciate the way you lay down your points?
c. What is the situation around you when you deliver your speech?
d. Will they understand the word choices in your speech?
3. Purpose
a. What is your goal in your speech?
b. Why are you delivering the speech?
c. Is your speech appropriate to the occasion?
d. What do you want your audience to learn or feel?
At this point, you need to identify the type of speech that will help you achieve your
purpose. Generally, there are three types of speeches.

1. Informative: The speaker who is knowledgeable on the

topic is expected to provide and explain information
about the topic.
Examples: research presentation, seminar lecture,
topic reports, etc.

2. Persuasive: The speaker presents ideas or beliefs to

convince the audience to side with the case of the
speaker or to forward an advocacy or action.
Examples: advocacy speech, motivational speech,
debate, etc.

3. Special Occasion: The speaker commonly speaks to

give a praise, to pay tribute, or to entertain during a
ceremony or program.
Examples: gratitude speech, eulogy, acceptance
speech, etc.

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 Although we classify speeches according to their purpose, keep in mind that these
types are not mutually exclusive—you can deliver a persuasive speech and still give
information or vice versa. Just remember not to lose sight of your goal!

COHESIVE DEVICES IN SPEECH

Similar to what is emphasized previously, a speech has to smoothly transition from
one point to another. This is where you can use cohesive devices to tie your introduction
with the contents of the body as you work your way to the conclusion.

To introduce a series or first, second, third, … initially, then, next,

sequence before, after, in the first place, …

SENTENCE USE: There are many ways for Filipinos to help in

combatting the COVID-19 Crisis. First, we should take good care of
our own health by maintaining good hygiene, eating healthy food,
doing regular exercise, and getting enough sleep. Second, we
should help raise public awareness by sharing correct and reliable
information about COVID-19.

To add something in addition, moreover, furthermore, and, also

SENTENCE USE: In addition to the two points presented, we should

also be responsible by following safety protocols and guidelines.

To give examples for example, for instance,

to illustrate, such as

SENTENCE USE: In addition to the two points presented, we should

also be responsible by following safety protocols and guidelines.

To compare ideas like, similarly, as well as, likewise, compared

with, in comparison with

SENTENCE USE: Similarly, those who have higher health risks

should remain inside their homes.

To contrast details but, although, however, in contrast, instead,

rather, nevertheless, on the other hand

SENTENCE USE: The COVID-19 crisis changed our lifestyle and

gave us more challenges to conquer. Instead of being in despair, we
have to rise above our problems and continue on with our lives.

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 To summarize or conclude to summarize, in all, in summary,
points in conclusion, therefore, to sum up, basically

SENTENCE USE: To summarize, the Filipino people are not

powerless against COVID-19. Little by little, together, we will succeed.

These are some of the cohesive devices that you may use to bind your ideas
together. Let’s try to check what you understand from this discussion.

Task 2: Building Connections

Complete the paragraph with the appropriate cohesive devices from the words in
the box.

Basically Before But First

For example Moreover Second Similarly

COVID-19 continues its deadly path across the planet.

More than 11.5 million cases have now been reported to
WHO. 1) _______, over 535,000 lives have been
lost. Civil society – all of you here today - has played a
critical role since the outbreak began 2) _______ it is
deeply worrying that a survey has shown low
engagement of civil society by many governments in their
COVID-19 responses. We must urgently address that
lack of engagement. 3) ________, we want to hear
examples of what is working on the ground as well as
what the main obstacles are. Public health measures can
only be fully effective when civil society and communities
are properly engaged. 4) ________, ensuring citizens’
actual community ownership helps, too. 5) _______, it
(Adapted text from the remarks of is essential that civil society is front-and-center in
the WHO Director-General about
the involvement of civil society in
building back better and ensuring greater equity and
COVID-19 response (July 8, 2020). resilience in health systems, communities and
Source: WHO economies.

Task 3: Merging Ideas

Combine the following pairs of sentences in one sentence by using appropriate
cohesive devices.
1. The battle against COVID-19 concerns not just one but all nations. The leaders must
work together to win in the battle against COVID-19.

2. Scientists are doing their part in resolving the health crisis. Scientists need support
from the government to work productively.

3. To take care of COVID-19 patients puts one’s life at risk. Healthcare workers take
care of COVID-19 patients until they recover.

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Task 4: Keeping It Short
Lessen the number of sentences in the paragraph by combining as many
sentences as you can using cohesive devices. Use the space provided for your answer.

Please do not be part of the problem. You can be part of the solution. In other
countries, the government provides guidelines for the people to follow. The
Philippine government provides guidelines for the people to follow. These
guidelines are set to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The number of active cases
in other Asian countries is decreasing now. The number of active cases in the
Philippines is still increasing. The citizens in our neighboring countries like South
Korea obey their leader. Some Filipinos admire South Koreans from K-Dramas.
Some Filipinos imitate South Korea’s food and skincare routine. It is good if
Filipinos can imitate the good response of South Korea to the pandemic.

Check Your Understanding

Complete the jigsaw graphic organizer with phrases or sentences relevant to the
topic. Write a short speech by combining your ideas.

Remember
• There are different types of speech such as informative, persuasive, and
for special occasions.
• Cohesive devices help you connect and establish the relationship among
ideas in different speech types.
• Some cohesive devices help you make your speech short and concise.

Post Test
Now that you finished the module, check what you learned from the lesson.
Choose the appropriate cohesive device to complete the speech.
as well as before but first in addition in contrast to end
(1)________, let us give our grandest applause to our frontliners.
Today, we recognize all their sacrifice, courage, and service. To all our doctors,
nurses, medical staffs, healthcare officers, police, media, volunteers, (2)________ all
other individuals who continue to help in this trying time, thank you!
You bravely fight against the invisible virus that kills our people. (3)________,
you hurdle the difficulties brought about by the transportation restrictions, insufficient
resources, and slow support. These challenges are present, (4)________ you still rise
and live as the heroes we need today.
(5)________, we assure you that we will continue to support you. Together, we
will survive this pandemic.

Reflection
As the lesson ends, reflect on its meaning for you. Name one thing that you are
proud of for this lesson (GLOW) and one goal you want to achieve in relation with the
lesson (GROW).
--- The module ends here. Keep up the good work and make a difference. ---

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 ENGLISH 8
Quarter 3 – Week 5
Changing the World One Speech at a Time

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Use appropriate cohesive devices in various speech type

Kimberly F. Cabigao and Christine D. Pastrana

Authors

ANSWERSHEET

Name: __________________________ Grade: __8____ Section: ___________

PRETEST MERGING IDEAS

1. _______________ 1. ___________________________
2. _______________ ___________________________
3. _______________
2. ___________________________
4. _______________
___________________________
5. _______________
3. ___________________________
6. _______________
___________________________
7. _______________
8. _______________ KEEPING IT SHORT
READING TEXT _________________________________
_________________________________
1. ___________________________
_________________________________
___________________________ _________________________________
2. ___________________________ _________________________________
___________________________ _________________________________
3. ___________________________ _________________________________
___________________________ _________________________________
4. ___________________________ _________________________________
___________________________ _________________________________
5. ___________________________ _________________________________
___________________________ _________________________________
_________________________________
BUILDING CONNECTIONS _________________________________
1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________
4. _______________
5. _______________

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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
PART A - BRAINSTORM WEB

My Response to the
Pandemic

Short Speech:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
WRITING LEVELS AND SCORES
POST TEST CRITERIA
FOR SPEECH
DESCRIPTION (Check one per criterion)
Distinguished Proficient Apprentice Novice
WRITING 5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points
Interesting & informative
1. ____________ Message details:
Details are unique, interesting,
2. ____________ and realistic. Purpose is clear.
Correct spelling, grammar,
3. ____________ punctuation, & usage:
Writing Sentences are all well-formed.
4. ____________ Conventions Proper spelling, grammar,
capitalization, and punctuation
5. ____________ are applied in the speech.
Smooth flow of idea:
Unity Sentences are related to the topic
and arranged in a logical order.
TOTAL ___ points / 15 points

REFLECTION
GLOW

GROW