PHILOSOPHY

JUMPSTART ACTIVITY 1

1. Both of the picture shows that the person is confused and there are a lot of choices in front of
him/her.
2. Yes, I have been in this kind of a situation.
3. I consider what will be the possible effect or result of the choices i make , choose the best and
more over make sure that my conscience is clear

EXPLORE

ACTIVITY 2

1. For Sartre, existence precedes essence, freedom is absolute, and existence

is freedom. ... Sartre writes that freedom means “by oneself to determine oneself to wish. In
other words success is not important to freedom” (1943, 483). It is important to note the
difference between choice, wish and dream.
Freedom, according to Hobbes, signifies “the absence of opposition” or “external impediments”
to motion. Such freedom applies not only to rational agents but also to “irrational and inanimate
creatures.” We may say, for example, that water is not free to flow beyond the vessel that
contains it.
 Rousseau "defined moral freedom as autonomy, or 'obedience to the law that one has
prescribed to oneself'" (92), though to illustrate this idea he gives an example of an alcoholic
who is said not to possess moral freedom "because he is unable to live according to his own
judgment about what is good
According to Aquinas “Freedom is a means to human excellence, to human happiness to the
fulfillment of human destiny. Freedom is the capacity to choose wisely and to act well as a
matter of habit – or to use the old-fashioned term, as an outgrowth of virtue.

2. Consequentialism is the view that morality is all about producing the right kinds of overall
consequences. Here the phrase “overall consequences” of an action means everything the
action brings about, including the action itself. For example, if you think that the whole point of
morality is (a) to spread happiness and relieve suffering, or (b) to create as much freedom as
possible in the world, or (c) to promote the survival of our species, then you accept
consequentialism. Although those three views disagree about which kinds of consequences
matter, they agree that consequences are all that matters. So, they agree that consequentialism
is true. The utilitarianism of John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham is a well-known example of
consequentialism. By contrast, the deontological theories of John Locke and Immanuel Kant are
no consequentialist.
3. That's all about  thinking and acting.  "Intellect" is linked to thinking  and "will" is connected to
acting.  You won't be able to act  for something if you don't think.  We can make amazing things
with our ideas  and provide solutions for the needs of the world.  Strong examples are
scientists and inventors.  Imagine how people can survive their ever changing  needs if no one
has to think about them.  This is the will, the will  to act according to what you think. There
would be no will  if there was no intelligence. You do not have an goal  to accomplish if you
don't know something . By knowing something about the  project nobody will know something