Effect of lockdown on carbon dioxide emissions and

climate
• Government policies during the COVID-19 pandemic have drastically altered patterns of
energy demand around the world. Many international borders were closed and
populations were confined to their homes, which reduced transport and changed
consumption patterns. Here we compile government policies and activity data to estimate
the decrease in CO2 emissions during forced confinements. Daily global CO2 emissions
decreased by –17% (–11 to –25% for ±1σ) by early April 2020 compared with the mean
2019 levels

• During this unprecedented, deadly global event, millions of people who could stay at
home did just that. Cars sat in driveways. Air travel ground to a halt. Manufacturing
plants slowed or stopped. Public buildings shut their doors. Even construction slowed
down. Nearly every sector of the energy-using economy reacted to the shock in one way
or another.

• The result was one of the biggest single drops in modern history in the amount of carbon
dioxide humans emit.
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Carbon capture and storage

• Carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture and sequestration is the process of
capturing emitted carbon dioxide (CO) transporting it to a storage site, and depositing it
where it will not enter the atmosphere.

• Usually the CO2 is captured from large point sources, such as a chemical plant or
biomass power plant, and then stored in an underground geological formation. The aim is
to prevent the release of CO2 from heavy industry with the intent of mitigating the effects
of climate change.

• Although CO2 has been injected into geological formations for several decades for
various purposes, including enhanced oil recovery, the long-term storage of CO2 is a
relatively new concept. CO2 can be captured directly from an industrial source, such as a
cement kiln, using a variety of technologies; including absorption, adsorption, chemical
looping, membrane gas separation or gas hydration.

• Three different technologies exist: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxyfuel

combustion.
 Fuel Cell and EVs the future of world by being
sustainable

• Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are powered by hydrogen. They are more efficient
than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and produce no tailpipe
emissions—they only emit water vapor and warm air. FCEVs and the hydrogen
infrastructure to fuel them are in the early stages of implementation.  FCEVs use a
propulsion system similar to that of electric vehicles, where energy stored as hydrogen
is converted to electricity by the fuel cell. Unlike conventional internal combustion
engine vehicles, these vehicles produce no harmful tailpipe emissions.

• FCEVs are fuled with pure hydrogen gas stored in a tank on the vehicle. Similar to
conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, they can fuel in less than 4 minutes
and have a driving range over 300 miles!!