AVT 2217 Module 4 - Airport Signs

Philippine State College of Aeronautics
Aviation Electronics Technology Department
223@
MODULEs Airport & airways Flexible Modalities
1
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• 1: Express ideas effectively a comprehensive understanding of the key elements related

to established airport, active runway and taxiway signs, distinctive markings, and lighting
as needed on or in the direct vicinity of a principal airport.
CLO • 3: Identify and interpret signs, markings and lighting systems at airports.
• 1: Demonstrate familiarization and clarify the significance of different types of airport

signs.
• 2: Demonstrate knowledge of the basic theory of various types of airport signs.
MLO • 3: Solve any basic issue involving the identification of different signs on airport.
• 3: Identify and interpret the standard meaning of airport signs, markings and lighting.
• 4: Explain why airport markings, signs, and lights should be in accordance with the
TLO international standard.
Week Topics/Activities Allotted Hours

Type of Airport Signs 1.80
4 Destination Signs 1.80
Modular Activity No. 4 0.33
Total Hours 3.93
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LEARNING MATERIALS
To help you successfully completed on a productive fashion on this course, we have

included the following Learning Materials.
MODULES
This module includes a sequence of discussions; workshop activity at the end of the topics;
separate online assignments and quizzes through Google Classroom, covering the key
points of its topic. The key assignment questions and quizzes are put to assess your
understanding of the concepts discussed. Following confirmation of the activities carried
out, the answers for your clarification are provided. Other course requirement for your
interpretations and discussion will be present on the first day of classes.
In these modules, the responsibility for matters refers only to your instructor. You will be
encouraged to appropriately address any errors, inconsistencies or suggestions, as this
manual might be intended for improvements.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
The rubrics on the last page are used to evaluate the Modular activities and assignments
given.
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CONTENTS
Introduction ..........................................................................................................................5
4.0 Airport Signs ...............................................................................................................5
4.1 Types of Airport Signs ....................................................................................................6
4.2 Location Signs ...............................................................................................................7
4.3 Direction Signs ...............................................................................................................9
4.4 Destination Signs ..................................................................................................10
4.5 Information Signs ..................................................................................................11
4.6 Runway Distance Remaining Signs .............................................................................12
Modular Activity No. 4 ..................................................................................................13
Rubrics ........................................................................................................................14
Honesty Clause .............................................................................................................15
References ........................................................................................................................16
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INTRODUCTION
In navigating the surface of the airport and in preventing runway incursions, airport
pavement markings and signs are very important. We discussed runway pavement
markings at unregulated airports last month. Airport signs that we are likely to see at
regulated airports are discussed in this module.
In addition to pavement markings, airport signs are used to inform the pilot of his position
on the runway or taxiway, emphasize pavement markings (Runway Holding Position
Marking Hold Short Lines) and point the direction to airport locations. The signs are
standardized in form; color and meaning, but there will be variations in use at uncontrolled
airports. The larger the airport, the more signs are used in general.
4.0 Airport Signs

 When used in conjunction with an aerodrome chart, the signs located on an aerodrome
are intended to simplify surface movement guidance and control procedures, particularly
in low visibility conditions. Signs are classified into two groups, namely Mandatory Signs
and Signs of Information.
4.1 Types of Airport Signs
 Mandatory instruction signs

 Mandatory signs have a red background with a white inscription used to denote a runway
or critical area entrance and areas where it is forbidden for an aircraft to enter.
 Note that holding position signs provide a visual clue to the pilot as to the location of the
marking of the holding position.
 Runway Holding Position Sign

 This sign is located on taxiways that intersect a runway at the holding position or on
runways that intersect other runways and contains the designation of the runway that is
intersecting.
 Runway numbers are arranged to correspond to the threshold for the respective runway.
Figure 1
Runway Holding Position
 The designations for both runways will be shown on the sign along with arrows showing
the approximate alignment of each runway if the sign is located on a taxiway that
intersects the intersection of two runways.
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o In addition to showing the approximate alignment of the runway, the arrow indicates
the direction of the runway threshold, the designation of which is immediately next to
the arrow.
Figure 2
Runway Designation
 Runway Approach Area Holding Position Sign

 At certain airports, the aircraft must be kept on a taxiway in the access or departure area
of the runway so that the aircraft does not interfere with the operation of that runway.
 In these circumstances, a sign indicating the end of the runway approach followed by a
"dash"-) (and letters "APCH" will be placed at the taxiway holding position.
 Holding position markings will be located on the taxiway pavement.
Figure 3
Runway approach area holding position sign
 ILS Critical Area Holding Position Sign

 Where an instrument landing system is used at certain airports, it is necessary to hold an
aircraft on a taxiway at a location other than the holding location.
 In these circumstances, the holding position sign will be marked 'ILS' for these
operations and will be located adjacent to the holding position mark on the taxiway.
Figure 4
ILS Holding position sign
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 No Entry Sign
 Typically prohibits aircraft from entering an area located on a taxiway intended to be
used in one direction only or at the intersection of vehicle roads with runways, taxiways
or aprons where the road can be mistaken as a taxiway or other surface of movement of
aircraft.
Figure 4
No entry sign
4.2 Location Signs

 Identify either the taxiway where your aircraft is located or the runway.
 Other location signs provide pilots with a visual cue to help them determine when they
are entering or leaving an area.
 Taxiway Location Sign

 It has a black background with a yellow border and a yellow inscription.
 Entry is the designation of the taxiway on which the aircraft is situated.
 These signs are installed either alone or in conjunction with direction signs or runway
holding position signs along taxiways.
 Taxiways are designated by letters. Runways are designated by numbers.
Figure 5
Taxiway Location sign
 Runway Location Sign

 It uses a black background with an inscription in yellow and a border in yellow.
 The inscription is the name of the runway on which the aircraft is situated.
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Figure 6
Runway Location sign
 Through their magnetic compass, these signs are intended to complement the data
available to pilots and are typically installed where the proximity of two or more runways
to each other could cause pilots to be confused as to which runway they are on.
Figure 7
Combination of Runway and Taxiway signs
 Runway Boundary Sign

 The sign has a black inscription with a yellow background with a graphic depicting the
marking of the pavement holding position.
 This sign, facing the runway and visible to the pilot exiting the runway, is adjacent to the
marking of the holding position on the pavement.
 The sign is intended to provide another visual cue for pilots that they can use as a guide
when deciding if they are "clear of the runway."
Figure 8
Runway Boundary sign
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 ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign

 With a black inscription with a graphic representing the ILS pavement holding position
marking, the sign has a yellow background.
 The sign is located on the pavement adjacent to the ILS holding position marking, and
pilots can see it leaving the critical area.
 The sign is intended to provide a visual cue for pilots to ensure "clearness of the critical
ILS area."
Figure 9
ILS Critical Boundary sign
4.3 Direction Signs

 Direction signs with a black inscription have a yellow background.
 The inscription identifies the designation(s) of the intersecting taxiway(s) that would
normally be expected to turn on or hold short of a pilot leading out of the intersection.
 An arrow indicating the direction of the turn accompanies each designation.
 Each designation and its associated arrow is separated from the other taxiway
designations by either a vertical message divider or a taxiway location sign when more
than one taxiway designation is displayed on the sign.
 Direction signs are normally situated before the intersection on the left.
o The sign is located on the same side of the runway as the exit, when used on a
runway to indicate an exit.
Figure 10
Combination of Direction and location sign
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 Starting from the first taxiway on the pilot's left, the taxiway designations and their
associated arrows are arranged clockwise on the sign.
 If a location sign is located with the direction signs, it is placed so that the designations
are to the left of the location sign for all turns to the left; the designations are located to
the right of the location sign for continuing straight ahead or for all turns to the right.
 It is permissible to have two arrows connected with the crossing taxiway if the
intersection consists of only one crossing taxiway.
o The location sign is located to the left of the direction sign in this case.
Figure 10
Combination of Direction and location sign
Indicated that you are Located on taxiway Alpha
Figure 11
Direction sign for runway exit
4.4 Destination Signs

 A yellow background with a black inscription indicating a destination at the airport is also
used for destination signs.
 Such signs always have an arrow that indicates the direction of the route to that
destination.
 The sign is located prior to the intersection when the arrow on the destination sign
indicates a turn.
 Runways, aprons, terminals, military areas, civil aviation areas, cargo areas, international
areas, and fixed base operators are the destinations commonly displayed on these types
of signs.
 For some of these destinations, an abbreviation may be used as the inscription on the
sign.
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 When an inscription is placed on a sign for two or more destinations with a common
route, the destinations are separated by a dot (•) and one arrow is used.
 When two or more destinations with different taxi routes are inscribed on a sign, each
destination is accompanied by an arrow and is separated from the other destinations by
a vertical black message divider on the sign.
Figure 12
Military Ramp Area – Turn right
Figure 13
Runway 27 and Runway 33 – Turn right
Figure 14
Runway 5 – Turn left and Runway 13 – Straight Ahead
4.5 Information Sign

 The information signs, with a black inscription, have a yellow background.
 Provide information to pilots, such as areas not visible from the control tower, applicable
radio frequencies and procedures.
 The airport operator determines the need, size, and location for these signs.
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Figure 15
Information signs
4.6 Runway Distance Remaining Signs

 Distance Remaining Sign
 Runway distance remaining signs have a black background with a white numeral
inscription and may be installed along one or both side(s) of the runway.
 The number on the signs indicates the distance (in thousands of feet) of landing runway
remaining
 The last sign (i.e., the sign with the numeral "1") will be located at least 950 feet from the
runway end
Figure 16
Runway Distance remaining signs
- End of Module 4 -
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Modular Activity No. 4 (30 minutes to answer this Activity)
1. Give the difference and clarify their purposes, where the various mandatory signs
are usually installed.
2. Give the difference and clarify their purposes, where the various location,
destination, information and distance signs are usually installed.
After your class schedule your appropriate response to these activity woks through
the Google Classroom platform. (Deadline of Submission posted on Google
Classroom)
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Rubrics: Modular Activity/Assignment
Criteria Poor Fair Good Very Good Excellent Sco

(1.0 – 1.9) (2.0 – 2.9) (3.0 – 3.9) (4.0 – 4.9) (5.0) re
(%)
Content Incomplete Content is an Content is not The content is The content is
Development content is not incomplete the comprehensive and comprehensive, comprehensive,
clearly pointed topic is not encouraging, even precise and precise and
out and not clearly though the topic is encouraging, clearly encouraging,
encouraging (1 indicated and is not well supported stated and well clearly stated and
out of 5 not but addressed.) To supported by the well supported by
questions had encouraging (2 have the subject subject. The the subject. The
been addressed of the 5 matter inconsistent scripture and its writing and its
with) questions with its content and purpose are clear. purpose are very
addressed) to clarify thoughts. (4 of the 5 clear
(It addressed 3 out questions were (Exceptionally, all
of 5 questions addressed in an questions were
exceptional way) addressed)
Organization Organization Paper The paper's The paper structure Paper structure and
& Structure and structure are structure and organization and and organization is organization are
not suitable for organization is structure are clearly very clear and easy excellent easy to
the topic. not easy to easy to follow. to follow. Paragraph follow. The
Paragraph is follow. The Paragraph transitions transitions of
confused and transitions to transitions throughout the paragraphs are
thought is lacking paragraphs throughout the paper are present present and very
transition. need paper are present and logical and logical and maintain
improvement and logical and maintain the flow of the thought flow
maintain the flow of thought. throughout the
thought. paper.
Format and Paper disorder Paper complies Most of the The paper follows Paper follows the
References made of lacks of with some guidelines go most guidelines and exact designated
elements guidelines. through paper. includes incorrect guidelines and
incorrect Included are Borderlines, size of spacing between correctly includes
formatting this borderlines, paper, text lines, using complete
include as such: paper size, inappropriate ink different font sizes references.
borderlines, inappropriate used and 3 with 4 references.
paper size, ink used and 2 references are
improper ink references. included.
used, overlap
text, copied
plagiarized or
prepared by
another person
with 1 reference
are included.
Grammar Language Paper made Grammar rules, Grammar rules, Grammar rules,
Punctuation utilizes few mistakes in usage is followed usage is followed usage are fully
and Spelling misleading grammar and and spelling is and spelling is followed, spelling is
conversional spelling, correct. correct. The correct. Language
tone, made of language lacks Language is clear language is very is very clear and
numerous clarification or and precise; clear and precise; precise; sentences
grammatical and includes some sentences display the structure of consistently display
spelling errors. misleading varied structure phrases is strong, varied
The activity was conversional consistently strong. consistently strong structure.
submitted two tone. The activity was and varied. The activity was
weeks late. The activity submitted four days The activity was submitted on time
was submitted late. submitted two days
one week late. late.
Total Points (%)
Points earn
Total Points (%) X 100
Total points
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Honesty Clause
This honesty clause establishes a fundamental social contract within which the College
community agrees to live. This contract relies on the conviction that the personal and
academic integrity of each individual member strengthens and improves the quality of life
for the entire community. It recognizes the importance of honesty, trust, fairness, respect,
and responsibility and wishes these principles to be a defining part of Philippine State
College of Aeronautics
The Institute of Engineering and Technology values and fosters an environment of
academic and personal integrity, supporting the ethical standards of the engineering
profession, where we design and build for the benefit and safety of society and our
environment.
I agree that the submission of any academic work shall constitute a representation on my
part both that such work has been done, and its submission is being made, in compliance
with honesty and integrity. Furthermore, my responsibility includes taking action when I
have witnessed or am aware of another’s act of academic dishonesty.
____________________________
Students Name Over Signature
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REFERENCES
Airport Operation Chapter 13

FAA Handd books
NAVAID Advisory Circular, Retrieved from:

https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/150-5340-26c.pdf
Classification of airspace, Retrieved from:

https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Classification_of_Airspace
Runway Lighting system, Retrieved from:

https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Runway_Lighting
Aircraft Signs, Markings and Lighting, Retrieved from:

https://mycfibook.com/lesson-plans/airport-signs-markings-and-lighting/
Airport and Navigation Lighting, Retrieved from:

https://www.flightliteracy.com/airport
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AVT 2217 Module 4 - Airport Signs

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Philippine State College of Aeronautics

Aviation Electronics Technology Department

• 1: Express ideas effectively a comprehensive understanding of the key elements related

• 1: Demonstrate familiarization and clarify the significance of different types of airport

Week Topics/Activities Allotted Hours

To help you successfully completed on a productive fashion on this course, we have

4.0 Airport Signs

4.1 Types of Airport Signs

 Mandatory instruction signs

 Runway Holding Position Sign

 Runway Approach Area Holding Position Sign

 Holding position markings will be located on the taxiway pavement.

 ILS Critical Area Holding Position Sign

4.2 Location Signs

 Taxiway Location Sign

 Entry is the designation of the taxiway on which the aircraft is situated.

 Taxiways are designated by letters. Runways are designated by numbers.

 Runway Location Sign

 Runway Boundary Sign

 ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign

4.3 Direction Signs

 An arrow indicating the direction of the turn accompanies each designation.

4.4 Destination Signs

4.5 Information Sign

4.6 Runway Distance Remaining Signs

Modular Activity No. 4 (30 minutes to answer this Activity)

Rubrics: Modular Activity/Assignment

Criteria Poor Fair Good Very Good Excellent Sco

Airport Operation Chapter 13

NAVAID Advisory Circular, Retrieved from:

Classification of airspace, Retrieved from:

Runway Lighting system, Retrieved from:

Aircraft Signs, Markings and Lighting, Retrieved from:

Airport and Navigation Lighting, Retrieved from:

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