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Gelombang Elektromagnetik
gelombang Elektromagnetik adalah gelombang yang dapat merambat walau
tidak ada medium. Energi elektromagnetik merambat dalam gelombang dengan
beberapa karakter yang bisa diukur, yaitu: panjang gelombang, frekuensi, amplitude,
kecepatan. Amplitudo adalah tinggi gelombang, sedangkan panjang gelombang adalah
jarak antara dua puncak. Frekuensi adalah jumlah gelombang yang melalui suatu titik
dalam satu satuan waktu. Frekuensi tergantung dari kecepatan merambatnya
gelombang. Karena kecepatan energi elektromagnetik adalah konstan (kecepatan
cahaya), panjang gelombang dan frekuensi berbanding terbalik. Semakin panjang suatu
gelombang, semakin rendah frekuensinya, dan semakin pendek suatu gelombang
semakin tinggi frekuensinya.
Electromagnetic waves are waves that can travel though there is no medium.
Electromagnetic energy travels in waves with some characters that can be measured,
namely: wavelength, frequency, amplitude, velocity. Wave amplitude is high, whereas
the wavelength is the distance between two peaks. Frequency is the number of waves
passing through a point in a unit time.
Frequency depends on the speed of the wave merambatnya.
Because the speed of electromagnetic energy is a constant (speed of light), wavelength
and frequency is inversely proportional.
Electromagnetic spectrum
The range of wavelengths for electromagnetic waves--from the very long to the very
short--is called the Electromagnetic Spectrum:
Radio and TV waves are the longest usable waves, having a wavelength of 1 mile
(1.5 kilometer) or more.
Microwaves are used in telecommunication as well as for cooking food.
Infrared waves are barely visible. They are the deep red rays you get from a heat
lamp.
Visible light waves are the radiation you can see with your eyes. Their
wavelengths are in the range of 1/1000 centimeter.
Ultraviolet rays are what give you sunburn and are used in "black lights" that
make object glow.
X-rays go through the body and are used for medical purposes.
Gamma rays are dangerous rays coming from nuclear reactors and atomic
bombs. They have the shortest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum of
about 1/10,000,000 centimeter.
Electromagnetic waves group 6 Rombel 3
Em E
c
Bm B
Dengan :
Em, Bm = nilai max amplitudo medan listrik dan magnetik
c = cepat rambat cahaya
Rapat energi listrik dan magnetik dinyatakan dengan :
ue 12 0 E 2 B2
uB
20
Dengan :
Electromagnetic waves group 6 Rombel 3
Intensitas GEM atau laju energi yg dipindahkan melalui GEM disebut pointing (S).
1 EB Em Bm cos 2 (kx t )
S ExB S
0 0 0
E 1
B c
c dan 0 0
B 2 E 2 / c 2 E 2 0 0 1
uB 0 E 2 ue
2 0 20 20 2
E B
u m m
2 0c
Intensitas gelombang (laju energi rata2 per m2) yg dipindahkan melalui GEM sama dg
rapat enrgi rata2 dikalikan dengan cepat rambat cahaya.
2 2
P Em Bm Em cB
S cu S I m
A 20 20c 20
Electromagnetic waves group 6 Rombel 3
Dengan :
I = intensitas radiasi (W/m2)
S = intensitas gelombang = laju energi rata2 per m2 (W/m2)
P = daya radiasi (W)
A = luas permukaan (m2)
= 1
√
00
c = Keterangan:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/7578702/Gelombang-
Elektromagnetik-Terbentuk-Oleh-Getaranpaetikel-
Medium-Yang-Merambatnya
http://www.tofi.or.id/download_file/Kul_13_3.ppt
http://basicsphysics.blogspot.com/2009/03/gelomba
ng-elektromagnetik.html
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiasi_elektromagnet
ik
Electromagnetic waves group 6 Rombel 3
http://www.scribd.com/doc/7578702/Gelombang-
Elektsromagnetik-Terbentuk-Oleh-
Getaranpaetikel-Medium-Yang-Merambatnya