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3. Look at the directions of GR, Resistivity, Density and Neutron curves deflections, either to the right or to the left.
4. By combinating the patterns of each curve deflections, we can tell the difference between reservoir and non reservoir and/or the fluid types
(oil vs gas vs water).
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1. Look at the directions of the curve deflections (whether to the right or to the left) in these following sequence: GR-Res-Density-Neutron.
2. Shale: Right-Right-Right-Left.
GR, Res-Den deflect to the right. Only Neutron deflects to the left.
Why it works: GR is higher due to larger natural radioactivity from U, Th, K contents. Resistivity is higher due to tightness. Density read low
porosity. Neutron falsely responds to the clay bound water resulting to higher apparent porosity. You will see a reversed Density-Neutron
crossover.
Sometimes, the resistivity could deflect to the left as well, depending on the properties of the shale itself. So it could read, Right-Left-Right-Left.
Note: You might see a reversed Density-Neutron crossover in dolomite. Over a dolomitic zone, GR reads lower.
It goes without saying that the rules won't work all the time. They are just rules, not a law. Even for gravity, it works on earth, but not so well in
space. When it doesn't work, ignore these rules.
It may not work for freshwater environment, low resistivity pay zones, hot sands, and for unconventional reservoirs.
It may not even work for you next well that's half a mile away because the reservoir quality could change abruptly. That's just how nature works.
It's a good starting point for any well log evaluations.
The next step would be to look at all the available logs curves and other well data so you can do a proper quantitative log analysis. That's when
petrophysics gets really interesting.