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ИНСТИТУТ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ

ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ КУРС 1 ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА

ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ №2

THE GUARDIAN VIEW ON CHERRY BLOSSOM:

LESSONS FROM FRAGILE, FLEETING BEAUTY
Editorial
The pandemic has made us all long for spring. In Japan and elsewhere, full
bloom is coming earlier than ever
Wed 31 Mar 2021 THE GUARDIAN

Early in Junichiro Tanizaki’s great novel The Makioka Sisters, we learn of the family’s
annual trips to admire the cherry blossom; occasions anticipated long in advance, as they plan
their outfits, scan the latest forecasts of the full bloom’s arrival, and agonise over any hint of
poor weather. Without witnessing the full glory of Kyoto’s trees, spring does not feel like spring.

Yet besides the joy of the family gathering, and the resplendence рисплЭндэнс of the
scene before them, Sachiko, one of the heroines, experiences “pleasant sorrow for the cherry
blossoms, sorrow for her sisters and the passing of their youth”, foreshadowing Tanizaki’s
themes of impermanence импЁмэнэнс and decline. As a child she had been unmoved by
classical poems lamenting лэмЭнтин the end of the season, “but now she knew, as well as one
could know, that grieving over fallen cherry blossoms was more than a fad or a convention”. The
fate of the flowers echoes that of the family; even the Japanese title of the novel – Light
Snowfall – evokes the petals drifting slowly to earth.

For centuries, cherry blossom has symbolised not only renewal but the evanescence of
life and beauty in Japanese culture. Everything changes: even tradition itself. Though hanami –
flower viewing – has become synonymous with cherries, people once watched for plum blossom.
Clouds of pale pink Somei Yoshino are now regarded as the archetype of a spring scene, but
other varieties of cherry dominated in the past. The aesthetics have sometimes been manipulated
to dark ends: in the second world war, the state urged young men to “die like beautiful falling
cherry petals”.

The hunger for new life and colour is perhaps greater than ever this year, in the shadow
of the pandemic. In the UK too, many have eagerly waited for trees to burst into life. The
National Trust is encouraging people to contribute sightings to its “Blossom Watch” map. But if
the anticipation of beauty is heightened, so too is the sense of transience. In Japan, while visitors
are flocking to see the blossom, picnic parties have been banned due to Covid.

Most strikingly, the blossom itself has arrived earlier than ever in dozens of cities. In
Kyoto, peak bloom arrived on 26 March: the earliest date since the Japanese Meteorological
Agency started keeping records in 1953, and 10 days before the 30-year average. According to
city records, it may be the earliest since the ninth century. In Hiroshima, the opening of the first
buds reportedly beat the previous record by eight days. Officials blame global heating: the shift
correlates with rising temperatures and is part of a long-term trend, also seen in Washington
DC’s Tidal Basin, home to 3,000 trees gifted by Tokyo in 1912, and elsewhere. This year, as we
remark on the fleeting beauty, we should also remind ourselves what we are doing to nature.
Though we cannot cling to its gifts, we have a duty to cherish them.

resplendence – блеск, великолепие

impermanence – непостоянство, непродолжительность
lamenting –печальный, грустный
petals - лепестки
evanescence – мимолетность, исчезновение
transience - быстротечность
 ВЗГЛЯД ХРАНИТЕЛЯ НА ЦВЕТЕНИЕ ВИШНИ: УРОКИ ХРУПКОЙ,
МИМОЛЕТНОЙ КРАСОТЫ
Редакционный
Пандемия заставила всех нас тосковать по весне. В Японии и других странах
полное цветение наступает раньше, чем когда-либо
Ср 31 марта 2021 года THE GUARDIAN

В начале великого романа Дзюнъитиро Танидзаки "Сестры Макиока" мы узнаем

о ежегодных поездках семьи, чтобы полюбоваться цветением вишни; события,
ожидаемые задолго до этого, когда они планируют свои наряды, просматривают
последние прогнозы о прибытии полного цветения и мучаются из-за любого намека на
плохую погоду. Не видя всей славы деревьев Киото, весна не кажется весной.

Тем не менее, помимо радости семейного собрания и великолепия сцены перед

ними, Сатико, одна из героинь, испытывает “приятную печаль по цветущей вишне,
печаль по своим сестрам и кончине их юности”, предвещая темы непостоянства и
упадка Танидзаки. В детстве ее не трогали классические стихи, оплакивающие конец
сезона, “но теперь она знала, как никто другой, что скорбь по опавшим цветам вишни-
это больше, чем причуда или условность”. Судьба цветов перекликается с судьбой
семьи; даже японское название романа – "Легкий снегопад" – напоминает о лепестках,
медленно опускающихся на землю.
На протяжении веков цветение вишни символизировало не только обновление, но
и мимолетность жизни и красоты в японской культуре. Все меняется: даже сама
традиция. Хотя ханами – просмотр цветов – стал синонимом вишни, люди когда-то
наблюдали за цветением сливы. Облака бледно-розового Сой Есино сейчас считаются
архетипом весенней сцены, но в прошлом доминировали другие сорта вишни. Эстетикой
иногда манипулировали в темных целях: во время второй мировой войны государство
призывало молодых людей “умирать, как красивые падающие лепестки вишни”.
Голод по новой жизни и цвету, возможно, больше, чем когда-либо в этом году, в
тени пандемии. В Великобритании тоже многие с нетерпением ждали, когда деревья
оживут. Национальный фонд поощряет людей вносить свои наблюдения в свою карту
“Blossom Watch”. Но если усиливается предвкушение красоты, то усиливается и чувство
быстротечности. В Японии, в то время как посетители стекаются, чтобы увидеть
цветение, пикники были запрещены из-за Covid.

Самое поразительное, что сам цветок появился раньше, чем когда-либо, в

десятках городов. В Киото пик цветения пришелся на 26 марта: самая ранняя дата с
тех пор, как Японское метеорологическое агентство начало вести учет в 1953 году, и на
10 дней раньше среднего показателя за 30 лет. Согласно городским записям, он может
быть самым ранним с девятого века. В Хиросиме открытие первых бутонов, как
сообщается, побило предыдущий рекорд на восемь дней. Чиновники обвиняют глобальное
потепление: этот сдвиг коррелирует с повышением температуры и является частью
долгосрочной тенденции, также наблюдаемой в Приливном бассейне Вашингтона, где в
1912 году Токио подарил 3000 деревьев, и в других местах. В этом году, когда мы говорим
о мимолетной красоте, мы также должны напомнить себе, что мы делаем с природой.
Хотя мы не можем цепляться за его дары, мы обязаны лелеять их.
The headline of the article is “THE GUARDIAN VIEW ON CHERRY
BLOSSOM: LESSONS FROM FRAGILE, FLEETING BEAUTY” This
article was published in The Guardian and was printed on Wednesday on the 31th
of March 2021твенти твенти уан. The article touches upon the topic about the
significance of the cherry blossom tradition in Japan. The aim of the author is to
provide the reader some information about the cherry blossoms in the period of
covid-19 too.
The article can be divided into some parts. The first part deals with the
general information about the significance of this natural phenomenon in Japanese
literature. In addition to the joy of a family gathering, cherry blossoms also
symbolize decline and impermanence.
The second part touches upon the significance of cherry blossoms
throughout the ages in Japan: For centuries, cherry blossom has symbolised not
only renewal but the evanescence of life and beauty in Japanese culture.
The third part includes the information about this natural phenomenon
during the pandemic: . In Japan picnic parties have been banned due to Covid.
Most strikingly, the blossom itself has arrived earlier than ever in dozens of cities.
The message of the author is clear to understand: thanks to this report we
can be aware of the situations in other countries that have developed during the
pandemic.
Summing it up, I found the article useful and value not only for me but for every
citizen of the our planet, due to the situation in the world. In my opinion, despite
the current events in the world, countries should not lose the value of their
traditions and should adhere to them. After all, events in the world are evanescent
ЭванЭсэнт, and traditions remain forever.
Every profession occupies an important position in the modern world. As for
engineering, it has taken a leading position over the past few years. A good
engineer must be precise, careful, focused, and serious. He must work with
computers, have creative ideas. The engineer must speak a foreign language.
Engineering improves the standard of living, makes new discoveries and helps
people keep pace with the developing society by creating new technical devices.
As for art, it has an aesthetic role. Nobody can imagine his life without art. It is
role in our life is tremendous. Art develops sense of beauty, such qualities as
kindness, sympathy it teaches us to hate cruelty. Art makes our life more
interesting and  increases our cultural level.
Art helps people express themselves in different ways, such as by drawing or
photographing. Without art, our world would be boring. After all, to get aesthetic
pleasure, you can go to an exhibition of paintings or a theater.
Speaking of medicine, it also makes a huge contribution to our society. Medicine is
the branch of science involved with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of
disease and damage to the human body. Medical scientists are constantly searching
for new ways of treating diseases. Treatments include drugs, radiation therapy, and
surgery. Preventive measures, such as vaccinations against infections, are
becoming an increasingly important part of modern medicine. Today surgery is so
advanced that surgeons can sometimes repair or replace organs such as the kidneys
and the heart.
Needless to say that sport plays an important role in our life. Everybody knows
that sport is an important part of healthy lifestyle. Fortunately, there are many
opportunities nowadays to do different types of sports. I’d like to say that I’m
absolutely sure that doing sports is the best way to keep fit. Sport makes our bodies
strong, it prevents us from getting too fat, and makes us more self-organized and
better disciplined.
A law is a system of rules and guidelines that are usually applied through a number
of institutions. It largely shapes politics, the economy, and society, and serves as a
social intermediary in human relations.The law also raises important and complex
issues related to equality, Еquity and justice. The law protects human rights,
without the law, the world would be a mess. If you have legal problems, you can
always refer to the laws and solve them. I believe that the law plays a very
important role in the modern world.