I-OPE-RA-003 - Rope Access Operating - Rev.7 (Em Revisao)

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
NBR ISO 9001

Document Number:
OPERATIONAL INSTRUCTION
I-OPE-RA-003
Revision: Page:
Rope Access Operating
7 1 of 36
AMENDMENT LOG SHEET
REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION
0 07/04/11 Initial Issue
1 01/12/11 Minor amendments in response to internal audit.
2 11/04/12 Minor amendments in response to internal audit.
3 18/11/13 Major rewrite to reflect IRATA 2013 audit checklist.
4 21/04/14 Minor changes prior to IRATA 3-yearly re-audit.
Inclusion of items 9,10, 11, as relevant national legislation and inclusion in IRM
5 23/07/14 Approved Equipment List. Revise the definitions of Horizontal Lifeline, Minimum
Break Load and applicable records.
6 22/04/15 Review the organization chart (3.10) and inclusion TACS as reference.
7 07/10/2016 Review the organization.
THIS DOCUMENT IS CONFIDENTIAL AND IRM PROPERTY. COPIES DISTRIBUTION ARE

CONTROLLED AND IT IS FORBIDDEN TO REPRODUCE PARTIALLY OR TOTALLY WITHOUT QUALITY
DEPARTMENT AUTHORIZATION.
IRM NAME SIGNATURE DATE

Alan Forrest
DEVELOPED 04/04/2011
Célio Odilon
APPROVED Robert McInnes 07/04/2011
IRM SERVIÇOS LTDA.

Av. Prefeito Aristeu Ferreira da Silva, 1205 Galpão C
Granja dos Cavaleiros - Macaé - RJ, Zip code: 27930-070. Tel/Fax.: 22-2105-2800
www.irmserv.com.br
NBR ISO 9001
Document Number:
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PURPOSE
This Work Instruction details the procedures and quality controls in place to ensure the safe, efficient
and compliant delivery of ROPE ACCESS OPERATIONS by IRM SERVICES LTDA – hereafter
referred to as IRM.
SCOPE
This Work Instruction applies to all employees of IRM Services involved in the process described.
REFERENCES
IRM
M-IRM-001 – Quality Management Manual
External references
External Rope Access Specific Documentation
1. IRATA International Code of Practice

2. TACS – Training Assessment Certification System
3. NR 35 Trabalho em Altura
4. ISO 22846-1:2003 – Personal Equipment for Protection Against Falls – Rope Access Systems – Part 1:
Fundamental Principles for a System of Work.
5. ISO 22846-2:2012 – Personal Equipment for Protection Against Falls – Rope Access Systems – Part 2:
Code of Practice
6. BS 7985 – Code of practice for the use of rope access methods for industrial purposes 2002
7. The Work At Height Regulations 2005 (WAHR)
8. Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER)
9. NSL – International Working at Height Handbook (2004)
10. European Standards (EN) documents
11. Manufacturers’ Product Information and Brochures
Related National General Legislation
1. Lei No. 8.213 (1991) / LEI Nº 7.036 - DE 10 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1944

2. NR 07- Programas de Controle Médico de Saúde Ocupacional – PCMSO
3. NR-08 - Edificações
4. NR 12-Segurança no Trabalho em Máquinas e Equipamentos / NR 10 Segurança em Instalações e
Serviços em Eletricidade.
5. NR 09-Programas de Prevenção de Riscos Ambientais.
6. NR-17 - Ergonomia
7. NR 06 -Equipamentos de Proteção Individual - EPI
8. NR 15 - Atividades e Operações Insalubres
9. NR 35 – Atividades e Servicos em Altura
10. NBR 15595
11. NBR 15475
DEFINITIONS
Besides the terms listed below, are adopted definitions from the standard ISO 9001:2008 - Quality
Management System - Fundamentals and vocabulary.
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Anchor Point: Structural element(s), or fixings to the structure, which provide a point of attachment
for the climber’s safety system.
Back-Up System: A secondary Security system used as back up in the event of a fall from a
structure or, in a rope access system, in the event of working rope failure.
Belay (Fixed): Climbing terminology for a structural anchor point for the climber’s safety system.
Belay (Running): An intermediate anchor point providing protection to a climber whilst lead climbing
in a structure.
CE Marking: CE marking is a system designed to protect against trade barriers within the European
Union – CE marking indicates that the item of equipment is appropriate for inter-European use and
therefore each item does not have to be appraised by each nation.
CE numbers are commonly confused with EN numbers. The number that appears after the CE
symbol indicates the number of the certifying body (test house) and has no direct relation to the item
of equipment.
Certificate Of Conformity: A certificate supplied with a new piece of equipment indicating the
standard to which the piece of equipment conforms.
Competent Person: Designated person suitably trained or qualified by theoretical knowledge and
practical experience to enable the required task to be carried out properly.
Dynamic Loading: A load introduced suddenly onto a system, as in the case of a fall.
European Standards (ENs): An EN number indicates that the item of equipment has been
manufactured to conform to the relevant European Standard, for that item of equipment. European
Standards are derivatives of the individual national standards that existed prior to European
harmonisation. European standards have to be accepted by national standards bodies and so
become dual standards, e.g. in UK – BS EN 361, in Germany - DIN EN 361.
Factor Of Safety (FOS): Is the relationship between the Minimum Breaking load and the Safe
Working Load or Working Load Limit. The MBL is divided by a factor (number) to arrive at the
SWL/WLL; this provides a “safety buffer” between safe use and failure. The FOS is expressed as a
ratio, e.g. 5:1.
Fall Arrest: System utilising PPE intended to stop a falling person from hitting the ground, or
obstructions and which is designed to limit the impact force of the fall and retain the user upright in
the harness
Fall Factor: Method of working out the proportional seriousness of a fall, it is the relationship
between the length of the fall and the amount of rope available to distribute the impact force of the
fall.
Fixed Rope: See vertical/horizontal lifeline.
Horizontal Lifeline: A rope anchored in the horizontal position providing fall arrest or work
positioning protection to the climber by means of harness and attachment elements and must be
belay every 3 meters, depending on the size of the lifeline.
IRATA: International Industrial Rope Access Trade Association
LOLER: Lifting Operations & Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998
Minimum Breaking Load (MBL): The minimum load at which an item of equipment can fail when it
is new exceeds the workload limit.
MHSWR: Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
Peak Impact Force: The maximum force experienced during the cycle of a fall.
Personal Fall Protection System: Assembly of components for protection against falls from a height
at work when the risk of a fall exists, including at least a body holding device connected to a reliable
anchor.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Equipment designed to protect the user from one, or more,
hazards in the working environment.
PUWER: Provision & Use of Working Equipment Regulations 1998
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Proof Load: A load applied to an item of equipment, in a controlled environment, to demonstrate that
it is fit for intended use.
Rope Access: A suspended access system incorporating independently anchored, primary and
secondary, attachment systems. In the event of failure of one system 100% back up is provided by the
other. Access is provided by use of ropes, harnesses and rope adjustment devices
Safety Rope; Back Up Rope; Secondary Rope: Rope used as a back up in the event of a fall from
a structure or, in a rope access system, in the event of working rope failure.
Static Loading: The gradual introduction of load into a system
Safe Working Load (SWL): The maximum load (as certified by a competent person) which an item
of equipment may raise, lower or suspend under particular service conditions, i.e. the SWL can be
lower than the WLL.
Work positioning equipment is specifically designed to support one person. Therefore, implicit in the
use of the equipment – and the standards relating to its use – is the concept of a SWL equivalent to
one person in normal deployment.
In exceptional; circumstances, such as during a rescue, the load of two people may be applied to the
equipment provided the rescuer is properly trained and carries out any necessary additional safety
measures required by the manufacturer.
Termination: Means of forming a loop in a rope to allow it to be connected as part of a system, this
may be a knot or some preformed means such as sewing or splicing
Vertical Lifeline: A rope anchored in the vertical position providing fall arrest or work positioning
protection to the climber by means of harness and attachment elements.
Working Load Limit (WLL): The maximum load, as determined by the manufacturer, that an item of
equipment is designed to raise, lower or suspend (see also SWL).
Work Positioning: Techniques for supporting a person while working, by means of PPE in tension,
in such a way as to prevent a fall.
Work Restraint: Techniques utilising PPE to prevent a person entering an area where a risk of a fall
from a height exists.
Working Rope; Primary Rope: Rope under load used primarily for work positioning and rope
access including suspension, ascending and descending.
“Y” Anchor: An arrangement whereby two anchor points are connected together into one support
system, such that the load is shared between the two anchors and one provides back up to the other.
RESPONSIBILITIES
Directors
Approve Work Instruction.
Ensure implementation and compliance of this Instruction.
Quality Department
Revise Management Work Instruction prior to Implementation.
Monitor compliance of this Instruction.
Review and provide revised version when necessary.
Operations Department
Develop / Participate in the Work Instruction Elaboration.
Monitor compliance of this Instruction.
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Managers / Supervisors and Coordinators or designated responsible

Participate in the implementation of this Instruction and oversee compliance by their subordinates.
Other Employees
Follow this work Instruction.
DESCRIPTION
1.0 Document Maintenance & Control
1.1 This document submit details the procedures and quality controls in place to ensure the safe,
efficient and compliant delivery of rope access operations to IRATA standards by IRM SERVICES
LTDA – hereafter referred to as IRM.
1.2 All IRM personnel participating in rope access operations are required to comply fully with this
procedure. This includes all personnel involved in the planning, management, supervision and
execution of rope access operations.
1.3 As a key part of the hiring and induction process all staff will have their roles and responsibilities
within this procedure thoroughly explained from the beginning of their employment. Staff will sign to
indicate that they have received and understood a suitable induction, including the content of this
procedure. B10
1.4 It is the responsibility of the rope access manager to maintain this procedure in an up-to-date and
relevant form, particularly with regard to any changes in legislation, codes of practice, guidance,
standards, safety bulletins and any other developments within the rope access industry. In particular,
IRM recognises the importance of regular reference to IRATA communications, safety bulletins and
key document updates, as well as liaison with others within the industry through regular attendance
at IRATA meetings. A2 / A12
1.5 In addition, and in order to contribute to the process of continuous improvement, participation by
all members of staff in maintaining the currency and relevance of this procedure is actively
encouraged. In order to facilitate this process the rope access manager shall ensure that all relevant
information received relating to developments within the rope access industry, particularly critical
safety bulletins, shall be rapidly and effectively disseminated to all members of staff who may be
affected. The rope access manager shall distribute procedural updates to all key personnel via email,
a signed document receipt form will be required by all recipients indicating that they have received,
read and understood the latest version of the procedure. Key personnel will include all management
and supervisory personnel. A10
1.6 Access to the latest version of this procedure is available to all personnel at any time, including
onsite in the site file. Staff should be aware that this document is uncontrolled if printed. Therefore,
staff should satisfy themselves that they are referring to the most up-to-date version, particularly
when making non-routine or difficult decisions. It can be assumed that the rope access manager will
at all times have the most up-to-date electronic version of the procedure. A1
1.7 An annual internal audit, based on this procedure and company’s operational activities for the
preceding 12-months shall be carried out with reference to the latest version of the IRATA audit
checklist, currently IRATA Form 059 - 05/03/2013. As many senior rope access staff as possible
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should be included in this annual review. Where changes to this procedure are suggested or required
they shall be completed by the rope access manager. These reviews and any resulting changes shall
be detailed on the front page of this procedure. The date and revision number of this document will
be shown at the foot of each page. A1 / A8
2.0 Management Roles & Responsibilities
2.1 The Managing Director is ultimately accountable and responsible for all health and safety matters
relating to employees, trainees and any others engaged in, or affected by, IRM rope access activities.
A2
2.2 IRM fully recognises the technical and specialist requirements of running a safe and efficient rope
access operation. In order to best meet these requirements IRM entrust these key delegated
responsibilities to the rope access manager. The rope access manager is an individual with the
appropriate knowledge, experience, training and authority to manage and monitor the company’s
rope access systems on a day-to-day basis to the extent required by current IRM and IRATA
procedures and requirements. A2
2.3 In the case of the rope access manager leaving the company, then IRATA will be informed of this
change and a suitably qualified replacement will urgently be sought. IRM understands that there
would be an absolute limit of three months in which to appoint a new rope access manager. A3
2.4 The rope access manager is the technical and managerial contact, as defined by IRATA, and as
such is qualified as the company’s technical authority, enabling him to interpret industry trends and
communications, and as a result set and implement company rope access policy. The rope access
manager’s responsibilities include, but are not limited to, the following key areas: A3
2.5 Responsibility for all procedural and regulatory matters relating to rope access, including
compliance with the latest versions of IRATA ICOP, General Requirements, Memorandum & Articles
and Bye-Laws. A2 / A3
2.6 Development, maintenance and review of fully compliant rope access procedures including
responsibility for internal audit programmes. Specifically an annual internal audit shall be carried out
based on this procedure and company’s operational activities for the preceding 12-months with
reference to the latest version of the IRATA audit checklist. As many staff as possible will be included
in the internal audit process. Results of internal audits, particularly any non-conformities and resultant
corrective actions, will be quickly and clearly disseminated to all relevant members of staff via an
auditable email trail. A2 / A8 / A10
2.7 Payment of the annual membership subscription fee to IRATA along with submission of the
internal audit and the annual declaration confirming continued compliance with membership
requirements. A8 / A9
2.8 Maintaining an active overview of developments within the industry, particularly liaison with
IRATA and any other relevant industry bodies. This will include attendance by the rope access
manager, or other appropriate representative, at least one General Meeting or other properly
convened meeting of the Association e.g. Executive, Training, Health, Safety and Equipment and
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Regional Advisory Committees within each 12 calendar month period so that they are fully
conversant with the activities, workings and requirements of the Association. A12
2.9 The rope access manager shall ensure that all relevant information received relating to
developments within the rope access industry, particularly critical safety bulletins, shall be rapidly and
effectively disseminated to all members of staff who may be affected. This will normally be done by
email. Hard copies may also be posted in communal staff areas and will be included within site files.
A10
2.10 The development of safe systems of work at the planning stage, particularly: A2
 Evaluation and selection of the most appropriate work method. A13

 Selection of an appropriately qualified, experienced and competent team. A21
 Pre-mobilisation briefing and discussion with project supervisor and technicians. A17
 Evaluation and selection of appropriate work equipment. C2
 Detailed and specific hazard identification and risk assessment. A14
 Preparation of a detailed and specific safety method statement. A16
 Preparation of detailed and specific rescue plans. A16
2.11 Maintenance and submission of work and safety statistics in compliance with IRATA
requirements - including the completion online of IRATA accident return form 020R on a quarterly
basis. These hours will be compiled on-site by the project supervisor using IRM form F-OPE-007 -
Technician Rope Hours Log Sheet. The project supervisor will submit completed forms to the office
on a weekly basis. These forms will be compiled by the rope access manager and submitted to
IRATA within 2 weeks of the end of the quarterly reporting period. A4 / A5
2.12 In addition, and where required, the rope access manager will be responsible for the immediate
completion of IRATA incident reporting form 021R. In accordance with the IRATA Bye-Laws,
members shall provide factual information within 7 days of any incident, if it involves fatal, major,
minor injuries or a dangerous occurrence, as described on incident forms including where a
rescue/retrieval was required, failure of any load bearing part of the rope access system; other
significant ‘near-miss’ or incident where members could benefit from a production of a safety notice.
This initial report should include the type of work situation and type of accident / incident. A6 / A7
2.13 In the unlikely event of an accident, incident, or dangerous occurrence the Rope Access
Manager would be responsible for recording, investigating and reporting to the relevant authorities in
line with the requirements of Lei No. 8.213 (1991). A6 / A7
2.14 Whilst the rope access manager maintains responsibility for all of the above, certain duties may
be delegated to other appropriately qualified members of staff, e.g. project managers and
administrative staff. A2
3.0 Rope Access Personnel
3.1 Competence Checking

Rope Access operations can only be carried out in a reliable and safe manner where technicians
have received suitable levels of training, and possess a sufficient amount of experience, in order to
ensure competence appropriate to their level. Where possible IRATA personnel are drawn from the
existing workforce, having been identified as suitable and competent. In addition technicians shall be
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subject to appropriate levels of supervision at all times. It is the responsibility of the company to
ensure the competence of individual technicians for the intended work task. A19 / A20
3.2 References
Where a prospective employee is not known to the Rope Access Manager, rope access references
will be required and checked. In addition to an extensive interview, prospective new employees may
be given a rope access and rescue skills test, conducted by the rope access manager or his
delegate. A19 / A20
3.3 Medical
In addition to any medical certification held by the individual an appraisal will be made of the
applicant’s physical fitness for rope access. B3
3.4 IRATA Qualification

All IRM personnel engaged in Industrial Rope Access must be IRATA qualified to one of the following
three levels: B1
IRATA Level 1
The Level 1 will have attended a Level 1 training course and passed an independent assessment.
Special precautions should be taken for newly qualified rope access technicians. These include only
gradually introducing them to the work and initially only allowing them to carry out the most
straightforward operations, under the direct control of a supervisor. As the supervisor becomes
satisfied that they are fit to do so, the new rope access technicians should then be allowed to
progress gradually to more complex work, although still under close supervision. At this stage, the
supervisor should check that all items of the inexperienced rope access technician’s suspension
equipment are correctly secured before they are allowed to start work. B15
IRATA Level 2
The Level 2 will have logged at least 1000 working hours at Level 1, attended a Level 2 training
course and passed an independent assessment.
The Level 2 is an experienced rope access technician who has Level 1 skills plus more complex
rigging, rescue and rope access skills, the Level 2 continues to work under the supervision of a Level
3 rope access safety supervisor.
IRATA Level 3
The Level 3 will have logged at least 1000 working hours at Level 2, attended a Level 3 training
course and passed an independent assessment.
The Level 3 is a rope access technician who is able to demonstrate the skills and knowledge required
of Levels 1, 2 and 3. They will be fully conversant with relevant work techniques and legislation, have
an extensive knowledge of advanced rigging and rescue techniques, hold an appropriate and current
first aid certificate and have knowledge of the IRATA International certification scheme. Subject to a
Level 3 having the necessary supervisory skills, he/she can become a rope access safety supervisor
with responsibility for rope access safety in work projects.
It is the responsibility of the rope access manager to determine the suitability and competence of
individual Level 3s to supervise and run work teams. All work teams shall include an IRATA Level 3.
A18 / A19 / D17
3.5 Currency of Certification

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All staff are required to maintain their IRATA status by undergoing a three-year reassessment by an
independent IRATA assessor. Personnel with lapsed IRATA certification will not be employed by the
company. This includes appropriate first aid certification for Level 3s.
Where staff have not been engaged in rope access operations for a period of six months or more,
they will be required to undergo an appropriate period of refresher training with an IRATA training
company in order to demonstrate that they maintain the skills appropriate to their level. B1 / B2 / B14
3.6 Logbooks
All personnel must be in possession of their own IRATA logbooks. These must be kept up-to-date
and available for examination on request. Level 3 Supervisors will normally sign technician logbooks.
If for some reason this is not possible, or where the technician is a Level 3, then the logbook may be
signed by the rope access manager. B1
3.7 Personnel Files

A personnel file is kept, for all rope access staff. This will include as a minimum:
 An up-to-date CV, detailing rope access experience. B1

 Copy of current valid IRATA certificate. B1
 All other certificates of training and competence appropriate to the individual’s employment. B1
 Current medical certification (self certification as a minimum pending further development of rope
access medical). Where particular industries require specific medicals, e.g. offshore, all personnel
will be required to have a current medical and a copy will be kept on file. B3
 Current and appropriate first aid certification – mandatory for Level 3. B2
 Signed copy of induction form. B10
3.8 Induction
All new employees who have successfully passed interview, reference checks and skills tests will be
given a IRM induction by the rope access manager, or his delegate. The induction shall include the
following:
 Company background
 Company structure
 Lines of communication
 Individual responsibilities
 Employment terms & conditions
 Grievances & disciplinary procedures
 General safety
 IRM rope access operating procedure
 Preparation of risk assessments & method statements
 Preparation of rescue plans
 IRATA ICOP
 IRATA General Requirements
 Equipment management
The employee will sign the induction form to indicate that he has received and understood the
company induction. B10
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3.9 Training
Further trade specific skills tests and / or specialist training may be required for particular rope
access contracts involving specialist tools, materials and equipment with which personnel are
unfamiliar with, or un-practiced in. Where necessary specialist external training shall be sought.
Personnel are encouraged to keep their personal rope access and trade skills up-to-date and
practiced. Particularly unusual or more complex rope access tasks may require specific access and
rescue top-up training. This may be carried out in a controlled environment, either prior to
mobilisation, or on-site where practical.
All IRATA rope access training shall be carried out by an IRATA training member company and
assessed by an independent IRATA Assessor. A16 / A20 / B14
3.10 Company Structure (Organogram) A2
DIRECTORS
Robert McInnes
Rosemari Prandini
TECHNICAL
IRATA IRATA
AUTHORITY
Consultant International
José Adalberto
QUALITY TRAINING &

OPERATIONS HSE
ASSURANCE DEVELOPMENT
James Miller Leonardo Peixoto
Patrícia Aquino Lorena da Matta
EQUIPMENT
IRATA OPERATIONS INSPECTION IRATA TRAINING
Anderson
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4.0 Rope Access Equipment

For control of rope access equipment refer to I-SMS-006.
4.1 Selection
IRM runs its equipment management system in line with the requirements of the IRATA ICOP for the
selection, care, maintenance and inspection of equipment. The following general principals are laid
out in Section 1 of the ICOP:
 The selection and purchase of equipment should be approved by a person with knowledge of the
technical specification required.
 Equipment used in any rope access system should be compatible and should be appropriate to
its application.
 Equipment should be capable of withstanding any foreseeable loads without catastrophic damage
to any component of the system.
 Equipment should be selected which, wherever possible, fails to safe.
 Equipment should be inspected before each use (pre-use check) and more thoroughly at regular
intervals (detailed inspection). Results of all detailed inspections should be recorded and records
should also be kept of use and maintenance.
 Equipment should be correctly stored and maintained, and should be traceable back to the
manufacturer or his authorized representative.
 Rope access technicians should have clothing and similar equipment appropriate to the work
situation and conditions. ICOP 1.4.2.4.1 – 1.4.2.4.7.C2
4.2 Assessment of Suitability

An assessment should be carried out before each job to select the most appropriate equipment to be
used. In reality jobs may be categorised into types indicating the best items of equipment for that
particular task. For the majority of jobs all of the equipment approved for use by IRM will be suitable,
these items make up the IRM approved list, detailed below. On occasion, specific operational
requirements may dictate the use of alternate devices which do not appear on the standard approved
list. This would be highlighted during the risk assessment process. Where devices not appearing on
the approved list have been identified as most suitable for a particular task, or where a new item of
equipment is being considered for use, an assessment of equipment suitability and foreseeable
misuse will be conducted before that item is included on the approved list. Additional specific training
will be provided where required. This training should be noted in the technician’s logbook. C2 / C11 –
C21
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4.3 IRM Approved Equipment List C2
Item Manufacturer Model Standards *Approval ICOP

Low stretch Various Various EN1891 User info 2.7.2
rope
Dynamic rope Various Various EN892 User info 2.7.2
Rope Various Various NA User info 2.7.10
protection
Wire slings Various Various EN795-B User info 2.7.8.3
(EN 13414-1)
Textile slings Various Various EN795-B User info 2.7.8.3
(EN566)
(EN1492-2)
Karabiners Various Various EN362 User info 2.7.4
Maillons Various Various EN362 User info 2.7.4
(EN12275)
Harnesses Petzl Avao / Navaho EN813 (EN 358)  IRM 2.7.3
Top Croll EN361
NR 35
NBR 15595
NBR 15475
Descenders Petzl Stop EN341  IRM 2.7.5
Descenders Petzl I’D S EN12841-C  IRM 2.7.5
Rig (EN341)
Ascenders Petzl Ascension EN12841-B  IRM 2.7.6
Croll (EN567)
Back-up Petzl ASAP EN12841-A  IRM 2.7.7
devices (EN353-2)
NR 35
NBR 15595
NBR 15475
Back-up Petzl Shunt EN567**  IRM 2.7.7
devices Duck NR 35
Duck R NBR 15595
NBR 15475
Cow’s tails Various Various EN892 User info 2.7.1.2
Fall arrest Various Various EN355 User info 2.7.1.5
lanyards NR 35
NBR 15595
NBR 15475
Helmets Various Various EN397 & User info 2.7.12
EN12492
NR 35
NBR 15595
NBR 15475
*See Approval document: detailed assessment of equipment suitability and foreseeable
misuse for each item.
**Special consideration of Shunt.
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If an employee has not been trained in the use of any of the devices included in this table,
then he must immediately make this clear to his supervisor, or directly to the rope access
manager.
4.4 Standards
Where possible all rope access equipment will conform to relevant national and international
standards, certain items commonly used in IRATA rope access may fall out-with the specific remit of
particular EN standards, however, these items may prove to be the most suitable to the task, e.g.
Petzl Shunt.
Such items will only be selected after careful consideration of all relevant factors by the rope access
manager. All technicians will be trained in the correct operation of all devices in use and are subject
to appropriate levels of Level 3 supervision.
If the intended use is outside that covered by the equipment standard or the manufacturer’s
instructions, or the manufacturer’s instructions are inadequate, the suitability of the item of equipment
will be assessed and potential for foreseeable misuse identified in order to demonstrate suitability for
intended use.
“Generally, it is not a legal requirement for equipment to conform to standards. However, it should be
noted that they may be used to support the law”. ICOP 2.7.1.2.2 C2
4.5 General Selection Criteria
All equipment is selected only after careful consideration of the following points:
 IRATA: ICOP / Safety Bulletins / Guidance
 Manufacturer: Testing / Advice / Product information
 Legal: Standards / Regulations
 Experience: Users / Training requirements / Complexity
 Company: Specific testing / Approval documents / Price / Availability
 Functionality: Robustness / Track record in use / Potential rescue loadings / Freefall potential in
normal use / Weight / Size / Ease of maintenance & inspection / Ergonomics / Compatibility with
other items
 Work Materials & Environment: Grit / Paint / Grease / Wind / Wet / Etc
 Other considerations
After consideration of the above points a detailed assessment of equipment suitability and
foreseeable misuse is produced for each item. See approval documents for all items in use within the
rope access system. C2
4.6 Purchase
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All equipment is purchased using a purchase order (ordem de compra), this is retained as the first
part of the traceability trail. C1
4.7 Receipt
Equipment is received from the supplier with an invoice (nota fiscal). The invoice is matched with the
original purchase order and recorded together with the manufacturer’s serial numbers in the receipt
folder. A hard copy of the manufacturer’s product information sheet is also kept for reference
purposes. Product information sheets are also held electronically and included in site work packs. C1
/ C8
4.8 Marking
Where the manufacturer has a system of unique marking, Where the item has no unique marking
provided by the manufacturer, then the item will be marked as described below.
IRM prefers to purchase from manufacturers and suppliers who provide the equipment pre-marked.
These unique markings, together with the purchase order and invoice numbers are recorded in the
receipt folder and equipment register R-SMS-007.
In certain cases the equipment will have to be marked by the company. In such cases marking is
normally by light engraving for smaller metal items, heat shrink sleeve for ropes and identification
plates for heavier items of rigging equipment. In all cases care will be taken to ensure that the
marking method does not affect the integrity of the equipment. Detail of marking methods and
locations can be found on the approval document for each item. Once the equipment has been
suitably marked it will be recorded in the equipment register. C1 / C7
4.9 Equipment Register

IRM has a master equipment register – R-SMS-007 - which holds all of the information required to
provide a comprehensive traceability trail and inspection status of all items. C1 / C6 / C7
4.10 Competent Person

All formal certification-level inspection of rope access equipment is carried out in-house by a
competent person. IRM defines competence for the “thorough examination and inspection” of
standard rope access equipment to be a suitable and sufficient combination of training and
experience in order to easily recognise defects in that equipment. This may mean an experienced
IRATA Level 3, or an experienced stores person who has attended a formal training course provided
by the supplier or manufacturer. Ideally the competent person would be a Level 3 with additional
specific training. If the company has any doubt over its ability to provide effective in-house inspection,
then external help would be sought. C4
4.11 Inspection Criteria

Inspection criteria are drawn from a number of sources, including:
 IRM Form numbers F-OPE-23 (a-i): Checklist Para Inspeção e Manutenção de Equipamentos
 ICOP Annex H
 Manufacturers’ data sheets and websites
 IRM approval documents
 Field experience
 Formal training courses C5
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4.12 Initial Inspection

All items of equipment are unpacked, uniquely identified and given an initial thorough examination
and inspection by a competent person before being entered into the equipment register. C4
4.13 Certification-Level Inspection

In line with IRATA ICOP and the UK LOLER Regulations the maximum period between thorough
examination and inspection of rope access equipment is six months. This is the formal certification-
level inspection of rope access equipment, conducted by a competent person. These inspections are
recorded in the equipment register.
In order to practically manage the inspection and certification of rope access equipment IRM
operates a system of “inspection to manifest”. This means that equipment held within the rope
access operations store, will not necessarily carry six-monthly inspection certification. This in turn
means that the entire rope access store is effectively a quarantine area.
As the equipment is selected from the store for mobilisation to the worksite it will be given a thorough
examination and inspection by a competent person. This equipment will then be listed on the
manifest form. The manifest form is then signed by the competent person stating that all items are in
serviceable condition. The manifest form thus doubles as a six-monthly certificate of thorough
examination and inspection as defined by LOLER. In order to back this certification up the master
equipment register can be provided electronically to site at any time.
Where a particular job were to last more than six-months, in a location remote from the main stores,
a competent person would be sent to site to carry-out a further thorough examination and inspection
and the equipment recertified.
On return to base the equipment will be unpacked, cleaned, checked and appropriately stored by the
store person. C4
4.14 Periodic Inspection

In practice the period between detailed inspection is much shorter than six months as this forms an
integral part of IRATA rope access operations. Technicians will be encouraged to habitually conduct
pre-use checks on their own equipment and that of other team members.
The Level 3 will continually monitor the condition of all equipment and anchor points in order to
ensure their continued integrity. The Level 3 is responsible for regular inspection and maintenance of
equipment, including its proper and secure storage on site. Where a team is to be replaced on site it
is the responsibility of the Level 3 to leave all equipment in good order for the next team. The
incoming Level 3 is responsible for inspecting the equipment left by the previous team before using it.
IRM would expect all defects in equipment to be identified immediately on site and appropriate
measures to be taken to ensure that the item of equipment cannot be used. C4
4.15 Repair and Disposal

Where an item of equipment is found to be defective it will be clearly marked, “DO NOT USE” and
quarantined until such time that it is sent for repair or disposal. Where repair is deemed appropriate
this would be carried out by the manufacturer or their agent and fresh certification sought. Items that
are beyond repair will be put beyond use and disposed of responsibly. An equipment defect form will
be completed in order to register the reason for retrial. The equipment register must also be updated
accordingly. C9
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4.16 Storage
Rope access equipment is securely stored. Access is restricted to those with direct involvement in
rope access operations. All equipment is hung and racked according to type. The storeroom is
clean, cool, and free from contaminants and is not subject to UV light sources.
Equipment that is being transported to site, will be appropriately and securely packed to ensure that it
cannot be damaged or interfered with during transit. It is the responsibility of the Level 3 to organise
appropriate and secure storage on site for the duration of the project. C3
4.17 Hired Equipment

In the event of any specialist tools and equipment being hired in, they will be required to meet the
relevant standards and be accompanied with current test and inspection certificates. Sub-contract
technicians will not be permitted to use their own equipment.
4.18 Training Equipment

Rope access equipment used for the delivery of IRATA training courses will be stored and managed
separately from operational equipment. All of the above procedures apply, however, training
equipment will have its own register and inspection regime. Every six months the training centre will
be completely de-rigged and a thorough examination and inspection will be carried out on all training
equipment and anchor points by a competent person. This inspection will be recorded in the register.
In practice the period between examinations is shorter as this forms an integral part of the IRATA
training course.
5.0 Other Equipment
5.1 Clothing
Personal clothing must be in good condition and warm, or cool enough for the prevailing conditions
so that safety is not prejudiced by cold or thermal exhaustion. Clothing should fit properly so as not
to obstruct the movements of the wearer. Where appropriate, clothing will meet required standards of
protection, e.g. flame retardant overalls.
5.2 Eye Protection

Safety glasses or suitable goggles must be worn for operations requiring eye protection. Models
selected will be suitable for the job, offer sufficient levels of protection and comply with relevant
standards.
5.3 Footwear
Footwear must include toe protection, should have high-grip soles suitable for slippery conditions,
should fit well and give suitable protection against water or cold.
5.4 Gloves
Gloves should be worn whenever practical, to protect against cold weather or where the equipment
or materials used might cause injury or harmful effects on the skin. Models selected will be suitable
for the job, offer sufficient levels of protection and comply with relevant standards.
5.5 Hearing Protection

When the noise levels in the vicinity could cause a risk of hearing loss, hearing protectors should be
worn. Models selected will be suitable for the job, offer sufficient levels of protection and comply with
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relevant standards. Arrangements should be made to maintain communications between team

members.
5.6 Respiratory Protection
Appropriate respiratory protection must be worn when working with a wide variety of tools and
materials. Models selected will be suitable for the job, offer sufficient levels of protection and comply
with relevant standards.
5.7 Flotation Devices

Buoyancy aids or life jackets will be worn when working above water, or where deliberate immersion
into water is planned. Buoyancy aids or life jackets should be of a type capable of being secured to
the wearer so that they cannot accidentally come loose in the event of a fall. In addition, they should
not obstruct the wearer or prevent the efficient operation of rope access devices. Models selected will
be suitable for the job, offer sufficient levels of protection and comply with relevant standards.
5.8 Tools & Materials

Only competent personnel with adequate levels of training and experience in the correct and safe
use of specialist tools and materials shall be allowed to work with them. Where required, specialist
training will be provided, either in-house, or sourced from a specialist training provider. Tools and
materials must be stored in a safe and serviceable condition, whether on site or at base. Tools and
equipment with lapsed test or calibration certification must be quarantined until such time that re-test
or re-calibration can be arranged.
6.0 Methods Of Work
6.1 Advance Preparation

On receiving a request to price for a job a site visit will be conducted by suitably (rope access)
qualified IRM personnel.
An assessment will be made of the nature and duration of the works and whether rope access is the
most appropriate method for performing the works.
Where a site visit is impractical an assessment of the job will be made along with the client using the
best possible means available, including photographs, video and drawings.
It is understood that substantial alterations may need to be made to generic plans to account for any
un-anticipated site conditions that may present themselves on arrival at the worksite
6.2 Method Statement

Having considered the parameters of the job and the worksite a method statement will be prepared at
the office.
It is understood that substantial alterations may need to be made to the original method statement to
account for any un-anticipated site conditions that may present themselves on arrival at the worksite.
Any such alterations must first be cleared with the office and the client and incorporated in an
updated method statement.
The method statement is a written plan and should normally include information on the following:
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 Access / Egress Methods

 Team Composition
 Rigging Method
 Rescue Plan
 Tools, Materials and Equipment
 Step-by-step methodology
 Communications
 Overside Working
 Permit Requirements
 Environmental
 Any Other Considerations
The method statement must be prepared, read and conducted in conjunction with the risk
assessment.
6.3 Risk Assessment

All IRM operations will be subject to IRM Risk Assessment Procedure. A copy of this document will
form part of the rope access site documentation pack.
The risk assessment must be prepared, read and conducted in conjunction with the method
statement and any permit requirements.
6.3.1 Three Stage Process

The IRM safety management system requires at least three stages of hazard identification and risk
assessment to be conducted by IRM personnel:
• Stage 1: Risk Assessment normally takes place at the office with technical, operational, safety and
client representatives. The specific activities of the scope of work will be assessed with a view to
specifying controls and safety measures necessary to reduce all foreseeable risks to an acceptable
level.
• Stage 2: Risk Assessment normally takes place at the work site and it reviews, updates and may
add to the stage 1 risk assessment. The stage 2 risk assessment benefits from first hand knowledge
of the current state of the worksite, team input, concurrent activities etc. Stage 2 is the appropriate
stage to introduce and discuss rescue and casualty recovery issues specific to the work site. This
stage of the Risk Assessment is formally documented on the risk assessment form and sent to the
base on completion.
• Stage 3: Risk Assessment takes the form of “Tool Box Meetings”, i.e. pre-shift briefs during which
hazards are reviewed, control measures are confirmed and all concerns are addressed before
proceeding to work. Stage 3 Risk Assessments may take place every shift and only new hazards or
controls need to be added to the stage 2 record.
6.3.2 Common Hazards

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COMMON HAZARDS: TYPICAL AND COMMONLY OCCURRING HAZARDS

ASSOCIATED WITH ROPE ACCESS OPERATIONS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED
TO, THE FOLLOWING:
FALLING RESCUE JOB / WORKSITE Slips & Trips
Competence of
Anchor Failure Conflicting activities Fragile surfaces
personnel
Technician losing Planning &
Communications Confined spaces
control preparation
Lack of training /
2-person loads Chemicals Great heights
competence
Cut rope: sharp / hot Direct attacks from
Level 3 on ropes Dust
surfaces public
Time / suspension
Equipment Failure Noise ENVIRONMENTAL
trauma
Unattached /
TOOLS Hot surfaces Wind
exposed edges
Working in fall arrest Causing injury Vibration Rain / Snow
Damaging access
Lead climbing Asbestos Hot
equipment
Abseiling off end of
MATERIALS Vermin Cold
rope
DROPPED Causing ill-health /
Gas Lightning
OBJECTS injury
Technician struck on
Damaging equipment Electricity Darkness / Visibility
rope
Others struck by RA Radiation / Radio Waves / Current /
Contaminating rope
team waves Drowning
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6.3.3 Risk Assessment Process

A risk assessment is a detailed and systematic examination of the hazards in the workplace that
could cause harm to people or damage to plant and property. A risk assessment must be carried out
before the work takes place.
A HAZARD is something that has the potential to cause harm to any person or property.
A RISK is the likelihood of that harm actually occurring.
The following 5-stage plan encourages a systematic approach to the risk assessment process:
6.3.3.1 Hazard Identification

First Identify the hazards presented by the environment and the work to be done, not only to your
work-team, but to other site personnel and members of the public. Also consider how the actions of
others could affect the safety of your operations
6.3.3.2 Assess Levels of Risk

Next Assess the level of risk presented by these hazards with existing precautions in place. IRM
uses a matrix system where the level of risk is quantified by multiplying the likelihood (1-6) of an
accident occurring by the severity (1-6) of the consequences if that accident should occur.
In the matrix critical risks are colour coded red and graded from 15 to 25 numerically. Significant
risks are coded orange from 8 to 12 and minor risks are green 1 to 6. Obviously it would be
foolhardy to continue with the intended work if your assessment of the level of risk was significant or
critical. Where this was the case your next step would be to:
6.3.3.3 Control Measures
Put control measures in place to eliminate or reduce the risks to acceptable levels. That is, get them
into the minor, or low, risk range. There is a hierarchy of approach when considering control
measures:
1. Remove the hazard completely
2. Try a less hazardous material or option
3. Prevent access to the hazard
4. Organise work to reduce exposure to the hazard
5. Increase level of information, training and supervision
6. Issue PPE and provide welfare facilities
6.3.3.4 Record
Next Record the findings of your assessment and list the control measures adopted. Make sure that
everyone who is directly involved in, or who may be affected by, the work has read and understood
your findings and the extent of the control measures identified.
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The completed risk assessment will contain the following information:

 A list of the significant hazards identified.
 The control measures put in place to control the level of risk presented by those hazards.
 The people and property which may be affected by those hazards
6.3.3.5 Review
The final stage of the plan is to continually Review the effectiveness of your control measures, and to
adjust and revise those measures where necessary in order to maintain the level of risk within
acceptable boundaries.
6.4 The Rope Access Team
6.4.1 Rope Access Team Manning Levels

Manning levels for Rope Access Teams will be determined by IRM and subject to risk assessment to
ensure autonomous rescue capability for all foreseeable situations.
The following minimum manning levels will be applied:
 For onshore working or topside on straightforward tasks there will be a minimum of two
technicians. In this situation the team should at least consist of a Level 3 and a Level 1.
 For work over water there will be a minimum of three technicians, at least one of who will be a
Level 3.
 Where a Rope Access Team has more than one Level 3 qualified technician, only one of these
shall be the appointed Supervisor and discharge the Supervisor's responsibilities. A21
6.4.2 Team Member Responsibilities
6.4.2.1 Level 3 - Rope Access Supervisor

The Rope Access Supervisor is responsible for safety and rope access task progress on the rope
access worksite. He may work on the ropes as part of the team, providing he has made suitable
arrangements for all aspects of the safety of the team while so occupied. These arrangements will
include a pre-arranged rescue system and a fully briefed team. The supervisor is also responsible for
the formal reporting of incidents, accidents, unsafe conditions and unsafe acts.
There will always be an IRATA Level 3 on site, providing constant supervision during rope access
operations. D4
6.4.2.2 Rope Access Personnel

Rope access personnel are responsible for executing the designated activities for which they are
qualified and competent in a safe and professional manner, adhering to the requirements of this
procedure and the instructions of the supervisor. All personnel have a responsibility to report
incidents, accidents, unsafe conditions and unsafe acts to the supervisor or the worksite safety
officer.
6.4.2.3 Sentry
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A “sentry”, without rope access qualifications, may be used to assist rope access operations in a
look-out, communications or barrier watch capacity provided he has been familiarised with rope
access operations and the operational risk assessments to the satisfaction of the Supervisor.
6.4.2.4 Non-IRM Personnel
Persons not employed by IRM, whether qualified rope access technicians or not, should not use nor
be escorted to work sites on IRM rope access equipment. Should this be proposed at any time, the
reasons, methods and insurance liabilities must be cleared with the IRM office.
Should the situation arise procedures will be developed to ensure prior agreement of operating
procedures if rope access technicians from another company are working in the same team. This
may include a “hold harmless” agreement. D2 / D17
6.5 Mobilisation
A team of appropriate size, make-up and skills profile will be assembled in good time prior to the start
of the job.
As a key part of the mobilisation process, the team supervisor, normally the Level 3, will be fully
briefed in all aspects of the workscope. Where possible this will be done at the IRM office, otherwise
it may be necessary to carry out the briefing over the phone.
The supervisor will be issued with all specific documentation relating to the workscope as well as all
standard information included within a standard site file. This information may either be issued as a
hard-copy folder, or where appropriate some elements may be carried electronically. The supervisor
will be required to sign the receipt and acknowledgement form, indicating that he understands the
requirements of the workscope and his responsibilities for the safe and efficient delivery of the job.
In relation to IRATA rope access operations the supervisor shall be reminded of his duty to complete
all relevant IRM forms:
6.6 Site File

The team will be briefed on the assignment before departure to the job location and will carry a site
file, including all information relevant to the job. This will include, method statement, risk assessment,
workscope, drawings and all other information and administrative material relevant to the efficient
execution of the job.
The site file is designed to be a useful tool when at the worksite. It provides valuable information to
both the work-team and to the client and any safety officers. Certain elements of the site file may be
carried electronically.
Typical documents contained in the site file include:
Electronic:
 Copy of the Rope Access Operating Procedure: I-OPE-RA-003;
 Copy of IRATA ICOP & General Requirements.
 Equipment User Instructions & Equipment Approval Documents
Hard Copies:
 Copies of IRATA Certification for all workers.
 Copies of Level 3 First Aid Certificates.
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 F-SMS-008a - Risks Assessment

 F-OPE-007 - Technician Rope Hours Log
 F-SMS-014 - Incident and Accident Report
 F-OPE-006 - Inspection Set for Rope Access
 F-OPE-088 - Checklist for Inspection and Maintenance IRATA Equipaments
 F-OPE-008 - Rope Log
 F-MAT-008 - Disposal of Equipment Report
 F-OPE-027a - Rope Access and Rescue Plan IRATA
 F-OPE-022 - Toolbox Talk Record
 F-PLAN-003 - Checklist pre and pos Job
 Any other relevant or useful information as you decide.
On completion of the job these files should be archived in the office. The files may be useful when
you have similar jobs in the future and will likely be useful during any IRATA or ISO audit.
As an absolute minimum the job pack will include the “Recommended list of information to be kept on
site”, as detailed in Annex N of the IRATA ICOP. D1
6.7 Onsite Preparation
6.7.1 Liaison
On arrival at the Work Site, the IRM appointed liaison (normally the Level 3) must report to the
designated client contact and ensure that the team complete all registration and inductions with Site
Managers, OIM's, Safety Officers, etc. as required. Full and appropriate liaison is essential and
should begin immediately on arrival.
6.7.2 Onsite Assessment

As soon as is practical, and after all necessary inductions, permits etc have been completed the rope
access team should make their way to the worksite in order to review the method statement and risk
assessment documents that were prepared previously back at base.
It is likely that certain elements of these documents will need to be altered in view of on site
conditions. Any such alterations must be recorded and cleared with the client and IRM office before
the work can commence.
6.7.3 Rope Access Controlled Area

Work areas should be cordoned off as “Rope Access Controlled Area” with tape barriers and warning
signs. Where practicable, the Controlled Area barriers should be at least 5m from any Rope Access
Danger Zone, where this is not possible alternative arrangements should be discussed with Site
Managers, OIM's, Safety Officers, etc. to ensure adequate safeguarding of all site personnel.
The Controlled Area is designed to provide a clearly designated area to prevent injury to other
personnel and also to prevent unauthorised personnel interfering with rope access anchors and other
elements of rigging systems.
Barriers and signs may be required on multiple elevations affected by rope access operations. Only
rope access personnel will routinely be allowed in the Controlled Area. If a visitor is required to enter,
they will be closely supervised and accompanied whilst they are inside the controlled area. If the
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visitor needs fall protection equipment then this must be provided by their employer and they must be
competent to use it.
Constant awareness of adjacent operations that may affect, or be affected, by rope access
operations is required by all team personnel.
When working on grated deck areas, measures should be taken to prevent items of equipment falling
through the grating. D12 / D13
6.7.4 Rope Access Danger Zone

Inside the Rope Access Controlled Area it may be necessary to remove handrails or lift pieces of
deck grating. These dangerous openings will always be well inside the designated Rope Access
Controlled Area. As far as possible open areas, presenting a fall hazard, should be fenced off by
means of solid scaffolding, rope guarding or other adequate means. These barriers will delineate the
“Rope Access Danger Zone”.
The Danger Zone barrier should prevent anyone reaching the edge of the fall hazard. Although
circumstances will dictate the suitable distance in each case, beware of the possible distortion of
flexible barriers. The Rope Access Danger Zone can be defined as: any location within the Rope
Access Controlled Area where a risk of falling from a height exists, or where there is a risk of injury
from ongoing rope access operations.
When the work is carried out over water and thereby creating an “overboard work situation” each and
every member of the rope access team entering the Danger Zone should wear a life jacket and be
secured by personal fall protection equipment.
Grating should be replaced whenever the rope access team leaves the site for longer than a meal
break, i.e. at the end of shift or other extended absence from the rope access controlled area unless
otherwise agreed with client site management.
All rope access personnel must be secured to a fall protection system when approaching an edge
and / or anchors if they lie within the Rope Access Danger Zone. D12 / D13
6.7.5 Buddy Checking and Pre-Use Checks

At all times before entering, and whilst working within, the Danger Zone technicians are required and
encouraged to adopt the principles and good practice of “buddy checking” and inter-team
supervision, including:
 After the technician has donned their harness and assembled their equipment
 After the technician has attached to the ropes
 Prior to the technician committing to the system
 At all times when the technician is engaged in rope access manoeuvres
Technicians will be encouraged to habitually conduct pre-use and function checks on their
equipment.
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The Level 3 will continually monitor the condition of all equipment and anchor points; in addition they
will continually monitor the effectiveness of the control measures in place to maintain the safe
operating conditions of the worksite. D14
6.8 Anchorage and Rigging
6.8.1 Primary Anchors

Primary anchor points are the load bearing structural features to which rope access equipment is
attached. They must be capable of withstanding loads greater than the combined breaking strains of
the rope access equipment attached to them. The advice of structural engineers should be sought if
there is any doubt over the strength of a primary anchor point.
Rope access primary anchor points must be “unquestionably reliable” as determined by a competent
person – normally the Level 3.
In addition rope access anchors must have a minimum breaking strength of 15kN.
The following are examples of suitable Primary Anchor Points:
 Primary structural members and steel beams that are in good condition.
 Specially welded padeyes and brackets.
 Specially engineered and constructed scaffolding.
 Specially engineered wire ropes.
 Substantial elements that may be found on buildings.
 Mobile Dead Weights.
 Rock bolts
 Any other item or feature whose weight or holding strength is 100% reliable and unquestionably
capable of withstanding loads greater than the breaking strength of the equipment attached to it,
as judged by a competent person.
Scaffold, handrails and process pipework must not routinely be used as primary anchor points, use
of such elements would happen only after careful consideration by the competent person and
discussion with the site engineer. Rigging to such elements would normally involve the use of
complex multi-point rigging arrangements, in order to distribute loads and mitigate the consequences
of any single point failure within the system. D5 /D8
6.8.2 Deviation Anchors

Deviation anchors should be full strength slings anchored to the structure.
Deviation anchors have two main purposes:
 To position the technician on the workface. In these cases a single deviation anchor may be
appropriate, i.e. where the consequence of anchor failure would be a small swing which has no
potential for injury or rigging damage.
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 To guide the ropes away from a significant hazard, e.g. a sharp edge. In these cases double
deviation anchors are essential as the consequences of failure could be disastrous.
Deviations used to redirect ropes should not exceed 20 from the vertical, or the deviation should not
be more than 2m lateral displacement from the main anchor. D9
6.8.3 General Rigging
All main anchor points consist of primary attachment point and a completely separate secondary
back-up point. All ropes are independently anchored. However, both anchors may be connected to
each other in such a way that they share load.
When working in suspension on the ropes the harness set-up for technicians will be such that it
provides independent attachments to the working rope and back-up rope. When engaged in other
techniques, e.g. when suspended aid-climbing set-up should continue to ensure independent
attachment.
A typical anchor system will consist, as a minimum, of 2 slings attached to the structure, 2 karabiners
and 2 individually knotted ropes, these may be rigged in a variety of configurations to suit individual
site conditions.
Substantial primary anchors points may support more than one pair of ropes. However, primary
anchor points for rope access personnel must not be used simultaneously as anchor points to lift
heavy objects or to support staging unless no other arrangement is possible and additional
consideration has been given to the ultimate anchor strength.
Anchor Systems should be fully checked by competent rope access technicians before each use.
All Team Members must be advised when anchors have been de-rigged.
The consequence of failure of any part of the anchor system must be carefully considered.
Rigging angles for “ Y “ anchors, slinging of loads or cross-hauling should not exceed 90º.
Deviations used to redirect ropes should not exceed 20º from the vertical, or the deviation should not
be more than 2m lateral displacement from the main anchor.
When working with tensioned lines technicians are advised that the maximum angle for these is 160
and at that angle the tension at each anchor point is 3 x the load. In these situations technicians are
advised of suitable back-up methods and load limiting techniques. These techniques should only be
used after careful consideration, including specific risk assessment, by trained and experienced
personnel.
When using tensioned lines as a means of access it is recommended that a wire rope is used as the
main line, e.g. a “Tirfor” winch, and that suitable back-ups are provided by independently anchored
rope access ropes.
Abseil ropes should normally be just long enough to adequately cover the work area. Excess rope
may allow wind or wave action to entangle it in projections, potentially restricting the retrieval of the
rope and complicating emergency procedures. When working above deck, rope length should allow
descent to deck from worksite.
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Rope ends must be knotted to prevent personnel inadvertently abseiling from the end of their ropes.
Excess rope should be coiled and hung up rather than left to lie on deck. D9 / D10
6.8.4 Sharp Edges and Hot Surfaces
Sharp edges and hot surfaces must be avoided at all costs. Bad rigging resulting in contact with
these surfaces is one of the greatest dangers to the rope access technician. Either can result in
sudden and immediate catastrophic failure of the rope system.
It is an essential part of pre-work planning and risk assessment that any threat to the integrity of the
rope system is identified and dealt with in an unquestionably effective manner. The intended path of
the ropes must be scrutinised in detail from top to bottom. In addition, the possibility of sideways, or
lateral, movement of the ropes during operations must be carefully considered and the effects of this
movement protected against.
Where possible every effort should be made to use rigging solutions in order to keep the ropes away
from sharp or hot surfaces. Common options include Y-hangs, Deviations and Re-belays. Additional
rope protection may also be required to protect the ropes against the effects of sideways, or lateral,
movements during operations.
Where it is not possible to avoid contact with hazardous edges then effective rope protection must be
deployed. Canvas “rope protectors”, despite their name, are often not sufficient by themselves to
offer adequate protection from aggressively sharp or abrasive surfaces and additional measures
must be deployed to ensure unquestionably reliable protection to the ropes.
Particular care should be taken when passing rope protection to ensure that levels of protection are
not compromised when opening and closing protection.
In order to offer sufficient protection the surface or edge should be covered with a layer of suitable
and sufficient padding, in addition each rope should have its own rope protector. Canvas rope
protectors should be attached to the ropes with a solid link, i.e. directly connected to an Alpine
Butterfly knot (prussik knots, although commonly used to attach rope protectors are subject to
interference and a non-expert technician is at risk of not re-installing the protection properly resulting
in the protector detaching and falling down the rope, thus rendering it useless). Wire sling bypass
arrangements may also be considered as a further layer of protection.
Edge rollers and protective edge plates may also be considered as an alternative to canvas rope
protectors. These should also be in addition to suitable and sufficient edge padding and subject to
the measures described above. D6 / D7
6.9 Working on the Ropes
6.9.1 Permits
Where the worksite has a permit system in place the IRM rope access team will comply with these
requirements, including attending client training courses where necessary. No work should be carried
out without a valid permit in place.
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6.9.2 Pre-Work Briefing – Toolbox Talk

The IRM supervisor shall, before each shift begins, perform a “toolbox talk” with all team members.
This will include details and review of risk assessment, rope access methods, rescue procedures,
permits, the work task and each individual’s role.
All team members must be encouraged to continually monitor the safety at the worksite and to be
alert to changes in conditions that may affect the continued effectiveness of risk control measures.
All team members must sign to indicate that they have received and understood the pre-work briefing
on the relevant form. D3
6.9.3 Getting on to the Rope system

Technicians should ensure that they are adequately protected when within the rope access controlled
area and approaching the rope access danger zone.
Before attaching to the rope system all technicians must perform a pre-use check of their personal
access equipment and their anchor points.
In addition to performing a personal pre-use check technicians should ask a workmate to perform a
“buddy check.”
6.9.4 Rope Techniques

All rope access, including specialised manoeuvres, must be carried out in an approved and
professional manner:
The technician must have a minimum of 2 independently attached points at all times.
Back-up devices must be kept high and away from tools and equipment that may interfere with them.
Descenders must be locked-off when not in use.
Controlled descents are essential – rapid descents may damage equipment and are more likely to
lead to injury. Showing-off is frowned upon by IRM.
Although many jobs may only require straightforward “up-and-down” access, technicians should
maintain competence in all standard manoeuvres, including: deviations, rebelays, knot passing, rope
transfers and aid climbing.
Where a technician is unsure about any of these techniques, they should request refresher training
from the Level 3 supervisor.
Where work-seats, cradles or staging are to be used it must be clear to all concerned that these are
for comfort and support only and do not form part of the technician’s fall protection system. That is,
the technician must be anchored independently of these items by maintaining their full rope access
system at all times.
Additionally, etriers and footloops are not PPE and must not be used as attachment slings. D11
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6.9.5 Communications and Teamwork

It is essential that good audio-visual communications are maintained at all times by all members of
the rope access team – technicians on the ropes, safety supervision and watchmen.
Depending on the nature of the worksite appropriate measures will be identified and adopted as
necessary. These may include:
 Direct audio-visual
 Radios
 Hand signals
 Mobile phones
It is essential that all team members understand the system of communication in use.
Technicians working on the ropes should be encouraged to keep an eye on each other and keep
alert to any dangerous conditions arising. D15
6.9.6 Working with Tools and Materials

Personal rope access equipment must only be used for its intended purpose in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions and maximum load limits.
Technicians must have received adequate training in the tools and equipment that they will be using
Small tools and other items of equipment should be attached to the technician’s harness using 4mm
accessory cord, or similar.
It is impractical to lanyard all small items, particularly nuts, bolts and washers. These should be
carried in a bolt-bag with appropriate closing flap. Particular care must be taken when working above
other personnel and additional measures may have to be taken if possible, i.e. exclusion zones,
catch nets etc.
All tools and equipment over 8kg in weight should be suspended independently of any part of the
access or fall protection system. Normally this will involve rigging a separate rope system for the
item.
Personal rope access equipment may be used to raise, lower or suspend project loads up to 100 kg,
when the nature of the load is compatible with the rope access equipment.
All other loads require dedicated and suitable project rigging, e.g. chainblocks, Tirfors etc.
Unusual or unfamiliar materials should be the subject of a separate health and safety assessment,
e.g. COSHH. Particular attention should be given to the affects on individual’s health and suitable
PPE should be supplied and used. Additionally, an assessment of whether the materials may affect
the integrity of the rope access equipment should be made.
All hazardous materials should be supplied with a manufacturer’s data sheet, e.g. COSHH, this
should be read and understood by al those involved in the operation.
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Information is available from equipment manufacturers on the resistance and performance of their
equipment to chemicals, other contaminants and adverse operating conditions. Particular attention
must be given to nylon components within the system (see ICOP Annex J). D18 /D19
6.10 Operational Limits
6.10.1 Responsibility
The rope access supervisor has responsibility for ensuring that rope access operations proceed
safely. He must assess the combination of environmental conditions, worksite location, work task,
and conflicting activities before commencing operations. Only the supervisor may make the final
decision to proceed.
The following limits are provided for guidance and general information purposes only. Combinations
of these factors may reduce the acceptable limit in each case.
In case of conflict with client site limits, the lower limit should apply.
6.10.2 Wind
Consideration should be given to suspending operations on exposed sites in wind speeds
approaching 30 knots. Wind speeds in excess of 30 knots can render rope access operations
dangerous. Work may continue where it is possible to work in an area not directly exposed to the
wind, i.e. on the lee side of a structure.
6.10.3 Precipitation
Rain, sleet, snow and hail increase the risk of exposure and hypothermia, also the technician’s ability
to hold himself steady at the workface. Where the work task is feasible in these conditions, suitable
PPE should be worn, extra care should be taken and exposure suitably limited.
6.10.4 Temperature
Rope access operations may continue in ambient temperature conditions for which personnel have
appropriate clothing and PPE. In temperature extremes, team members must be briefed on the
symptoms of hypothermia (resulting from cold) and hyperthermia (resulting from heat) at pre-work
briefings.
In high temperatures particular attention should be paid to re-hydration.
The Supervisor has responsibility for setting suitable working rotas.
6.10.5 Visibility
Visibility may be reduced by fog, precipitation, smoke, spray, etc. The worksite should be visible from
the supervisor or watchman’s location. When the work is carried out over water, the limiting visibility
for the stand-by vessel to spot a man overboard (typically 500m) will apply as the rope access
operating limit.
6.10.6 Lightning
The Supervisor should evaluate the risk to personnel from lightning discharge. Lightning risk is
normally short lived and suspension of exposed operations is recommended. High and low
extremities should be avoided.
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Team Members should be reminded of the tendency for lightning to jump gaps on its route to earth.
6.10.7 Noise
Rope access operations are subject to the same noise limits as all other activities and suitable
hearing protection levels and exposure limits should be determined wherever noise is an issue.
Installations will normally provide signs to indicate where hearing protection is required.
Noise will be a reason for stopping work if communication cannot be maintained between technicians
on the ropes and the supervisor or watchman.
Suitable radio communication should be provided in noisy areas.
6.10.8 Darkness
Routine rope access operations should be conducted during hours of daylight and cease before
onset of darkness.
Rope access operations may only proceed in darkness when site lighting is adequate for safe
operations and rescue.
Floodlighting is preferred and should enable visibility of all the components of the rope access
system and team members.
Suitable PPE, e.g. the use of reflective panels on overalls, helmets, etc should be worn by all rope
access technicians during operations in darkness.
Personal headtorches may be worn as back-up equipment, but site lighting must be wholly adequate
without the headtorches for operations to proceed safely.
Rope access operations will not be carried out over water in darkness.
6.10.9 Vibration
Vibrating tools have exposure limits set by the manufacturer and client installation controls may exist
for the maximum periods of use.
Technicians must be familiar with all relevant limits and should strictly adhere to them. Appropriate
PPE and working practices should be adopted to minimise vibration hazards. Vibration exposure
should be addressed at planning and risk assessment stages.
6.11 Working Over Water
6.11.1 Preparation
Working over water, typically on an offshore installation or bridge, will normally require a number of
special precautions to be taken:
 A stand-by rescue craft is in attendance.
 An overside watchman equipped with a radio and independent of the work-task is required.
 The watchman is in constant audio-visual contact with the work-team.

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 The watchman is in radio contact with stand-by rescue craft, the work-team, and control room.
 The watchman will make periodic radio checks to ensure that communications are maintained.
 For rope access operations there shall be a minimum three-man team.
 All team members will wear appropriate life-jackets or buoyancy aids.
 When working on an offshore installation the team should know the location of the nearest
telephone, alarm and lifebuoy.
 When working on an offshore installation a special over-side permit will be required. D20
6.11.2 Approach to Sea Level

While working near water level, rope access technicians are at risk from physical impact with the
structure due to wave action. Wave height and direction should be monitored and a decision made as
to whether tasks can be safely carried out under the prevailing conditions. The supervisor will ensure
wave heights are monitored during operations and cease operations if necessary.
To prevent accidental wave impact or immersion, a vertical distance equal to the maximum wave
height observed, must be kept between the rope access technician and the peak of the maximum
wave height observed during operations. Maximum wave height will be assessed by the best means
available, typically by asking the stand-by vessel or by direct observation from the platform or rope
access technicians. For example:
 Maximum wave height = 3m, closest approach to Water Level = 6m.

 Maximum wave height = 0.5m, closest approach to Water Level = 1m.
6.11.3 Working in the Water/Splash Zone

It is possible that some rope access operations may require partial entry into the water. Subject to
task specific risk assessment this may be acceptable with the following constraints:
 Operational wind speed limit of 10 knots.

 Combined swell plus wave height less than 0.5m as measured against vertical components at
worksite.
 Close stand-by cover is required for operations to proceed.
 Access ropes should be rigged vertically to prevent pendulum falls.
 Access ropes should be as short as possible to reduce length of loose ends.
 Consideration should be given to pre-installing rescue system for rapid vertical lift rescue.
 Suitable PPE, e.g. Dry-suits and life-jackets, should be worn by technicians.
 Technician’s exposure to cold and immersion should be limited to appropriately short durations.
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7.0 Rescue
7.1 Guiding Principles

Rope access teams shall have self-contained rescue capability to recover team members to deck
level or other safe location. Before any team member goes onto the rope access system it is
essential that there is a planned, agreed and viable rescue plan. Everyone must be clear as to their
role in any emergency arrangements.
The guiding principle of any rescue plans and arrangements should be to get the casualty stabilised,
and from their post-fall position at height, to a position of safety on the ground where proper medical
attention can be administered – as quickly and efficiently as possible and without exposing others to
risk.
In other words a rescue must be carried out:
 As quickly as possible, without compromise to safety

 By properly equipped and trained personnel
 To a viable, existing and prepared rescue plan
 With consideration to post-rescue arrangements
Dedicated rope access team rescue equipment will consist of sufficient equipment to perform the
planned rescue scenario, and will normally include the following basic elements in appropriate
quantities:
 Anchor slings
 Karabiners
 Ropes
 Pulleys
 Ascenders
 Descenders
 Back-up devices
 First Aid Kit
Dedicated rescue equipment must not be used for routine access operations. If more equipment is
required for operational or rescue use, this will be separately supplied.
Rigging techniques that allow quick and simple rescue should be considered where appropriate,
particular consideration should be given to “rigging for rescue” techniques, e.g. releasable anchor
systems allowing immediate lowering or raising of a casualty with minimal fuss, complexity or
specialist training. This is particularly appropriate where the Level 3 supervisor is on the ropes.
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Rescuers must ensure their own safety on approaching a casualty or incident site. The nature and
cause of the incident must be established before rescuers presume it is safe to approach.
Detailed consideration, particularly with regard to equipment selection, should be made of potential 2-
person rescue loadings.
For many situations the easiest rescue option will be to lower personnel to ground level, using gravity
to best effect.
In any event the team will be equipped, briefed and ready for any rescue eventuality, including:
lowering, raising, or horizontally transferring the casualty in that order of preference.
Particular attention should be paid to rope lengths with respect to rescue options.
Not all rescues require urgent handling. The necessary time should be taken to implement an
effective response and to execute it professionally. Every care must be taken not to escalate a
situation by taking shortcuts. D4
7.2 Responsibilities
Level 2 and 3 rope access technicians are competent to set up and execute a wide variety of rescue
techniques. They have the ability to extract a casualty from any given position to a position of safety
by hauling and lowering vertically, horizontally or diagonally under total control and security.
The Level 3 supervisor will determine an appropriate rescue system based on an assessment of the
risks and the layout of the work-site before work commences. Team members must be fully briefed
and conversant with the planned rescue system and technique. The rescue equipment shall either be
pre-assembled, pre-installed or checked and ready to hand for immediate deployment as
appropriate.
Competent assistance may be accepted from site personnel, however, the rope access team may
well be the only ones capable of reaching the casualty’s location.
In all working situations there must be at least one competent rope access technician immediately
available to go to the assistance of the working technicians. An unconscious or injured technician
may require to be accompanied for assistance in passing obstructions.
During routine operations, team members should continually be encouraged to think: “What would we
do if…?” and discuss observations with the Level 3 supervisor and other team members.
Normally the Level 3 supervisor will co-ordinate the rescue. If they are incapacitated then the senior
team member will take over. The stand-by watchman should normally maintain a stand-by function.
Where the stand-by watchman is on his own as a result of an incident, he should not commit himself
to the ropes until he has briefed any assisting (non-rope access) manpower as to their functions. The
functions of assisting manpower will be limited to:
 Providing lookout and radio communications (sentry duty).

 Hauling on pre-installed recovery systems as instructed.
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 Moving equipment as instructed.

 Stretcher bearing if required D4 / D17
7.3 Suspension Trauma
The best advice currently available for the rescue and treatment of a suspended casualty is as
follows:
 If possible raise the knees within the first 5 minutes. However, this may be difficult with a casualty
on a back attachment.
 If consciousness is marginal, protect the airway.
 The priority now is to get the casualty to the ground as soon as possible.
 On arrival at the ground follow standard first aid practice including checking and maintaining the
casualty’s Airway, Breathing and Circulation until specialist medical help arrives.
 The casualty may be placed in the recovery position despite previous conflicting advice.
As ever, prevention is better than cure, therefore teams should have the means and capability to
carry out rapid retrieval of a suspended workmate, thus avoiding prolonged suspension and the
possible effects of suspension trauma.
7.4 Post Rescue Casualty Management

The interface for handling casualties should be specifically discussed with site managers, medical
staff, safety officers, etc., because they have responsibility in law for the safety of all personnel on
their site.
The rope access team has the expertise to recover a casualty on ropes to the nearest safe area and
the most suitable site for medical assistance or stretcher team access should be discussed.
Ideally time will be made available to practice the intended rescue procedures. Other site personnel
who may be involved should be invited to attend for familiarisation purposes.
7.5 Reporting
In the event of an accident, incident or dangerous occurrence, then this would be reported to the
relevant national safety authorities and to IRATA using the relevant forms, a copy to be held on file
by IRM.
The rope access manager is responsible for reporting of all such incidents.
8. Definitions
All definitions are set forth on page 2.
9. Bibliograpfy
All information are set forth on page 2 in “References”.
10. REGISTERS
10.1 F-SMS-008a - Risks Assessment
10.2 F-OPE-007 - Technician Rope Hours Log
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10.3 F-SMS-014 - Incident and Accident Report

10.4 F-OPE-006 - Man Rope Access Kit Check Sheet
10.5 F-OPE-088 - Checklist for Inspection and Maintenance of Equipment IRATA
10.6 F-OPE-008 – Rope Log
10.7 F-MAT-008 - Disposal of Equipment Report
10.8 F-OPE-027a - IRATA Work rope acess and Rescue Plan
10.9 F-OPE-022 - Toolbox Talk Record
10.10 F-PLAN-003 - Checklist for Pre and Pos Job Meeting
11. APPENDIX
11.1 Not applicable

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QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

NBR ISO 9001

THIS DOCUMENT IS CONFIDENTIAL AND IRM PROPERTY. COPIES DISTRIBUTION ARE

IRM NAME SIGNATURE DATE

APPROVED Robert McInnes 07/04/2011

IRM SERVIÇOS LTDA.

1. IRATA International Code of Practice

Related National General Legislation

1. Lei No. 8.213 (1991) / LEI Nº 7.036 - DE 10 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1944

Managers / Supervisors and Coordinators or designated responsible

1.0 Document Maintenance & Control

2.0 Management Roles & Responsibilities

 Evaluation and selection of the most appropriate work method. A13

3.0 Rope Access Personnel

3.1 Competence Checking

3.4 IRATA Qualification

3.5 Currency of Certification

3.7 Personnel Files

 An up-to-date CV, detailing rope access experience. B1

3.10 Company Structure (Organogram) A2

QUALITY TRAINING &

4.0 Rope Access Equipment

4.2 Assessment of Suitability

4.3 IRM Approved Equipment List C2

Item Manufacturer Model Standards *Approval ICOP

4.5 General Selection Criteria

 IRATA: ICOP / Safety Bulletins / Guidance

 Manufacturer: Testing / Advice / Product information

 Legal: Standards / Regulations

 Experience: Users / Training requirements / Complexity

 Company: Specific testing / Approval documents / Price / Availability

4.9 Equipment Register

4.10 Competent Person

4.11 Inspection Criteria

4.12 Initial Inspection

4.13 Certification-Level Inspection

4.14 Periodic Inspection

4.15 Repair and Disposal

4.17 Hired Equipment

4.18 Training Equipment

5.0 Other Equipment

5.2 Eye Protection

5.5 Hearing Protection

relevant standards. Arrangements should be made to maintain communications between team

5.7 Flotation Devices

5.8 Tools & Materials

6.0 Methods Of Work

6.1 Advance Preparation

6.2 Method Statement

 Access / Egress Methods

6.3 Risk Assessment

6.3.1 Three Stage Process

6.3.2 Common Hazards

COMMON HAZARDS: TYPICAL AND COMMONLY OCCURRING HAZARDS

6.3.3 Risk Assessment Process

A RISK is the likelihood of that harm actually occurring.

6.3.3.1 Hazard Identification

6.3.3.2 Assess Levels of Risk

6.3.3.3 Control Measures

1. Remove the hazard completely

2. Try a less hazardous material or option

3. Prevent access to the hazard

4. Organise work to reduce exposure to the hazard