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Multiple-Choice Questions
Multiple-Choice Questions
Multiple-choice questions
1 Suppose that the probability of rain tomorrow is 0.3. The probability of no rain
tomorrow is thus
A 0
B 0.3
C 0.7
D 0.5
E 0.8
3 Suppose that
= {different letters of the word JEALOUSY}
A = {different letters of the word LOUSE}
B = {different letters of the word SEAL}
The set which represents (A B) is
A {E, L}
B {A, L, O, U, S, E}
C {J, Y}
D {J}
E {Y}
Suppose that a class consists of 15 students who travelled to school by car that day, 11 who
travelled by public transport, and 6 students who walked.
4 What is the probability that a student randomly chosen from the class walked to school
that day?
3
A
16
15
B
32
11
C
32
21
D
32
17
E
32
5 What is the probability that a student randomly chosen from the class did not travel to
school by public transport that day?
3
A
16
1
B
6
11
C
32
21
D
32
17
E
32
6 Suppose that 65% of students at a certain university are studying Commerce (C), that
38% of the students are in first year (F), and that 15% of students are in first year and
are studying Commerce. Which of the following probability tables correctly
summarises this information?
A
C C
F 0.15 0.23 0.38
F 0.50 0.12 0.62
0.65 0.35 1
B
C C
F 0.15 0.23 0.38
F 0.20 0.42 0.62
0.35 0.65 1
C
C C
F 0.15 0.23 0.62
F 0.50 0.12 0.38
0.65 0.35 1
D
C C
F 0.15 0.23 0.38
F 0.50 0.15 0.65
0.65 0.38 1
E
C C
F 0.65 0.35 1
F 0.35 0.65 1
1 1 1
10 12
3
7 Pr(A B) is equal to
1
A
11
10
B
33
25
C
33
4
D
11
2
E
3
8 Pr(A B) is equal to
1
A
11
10
B
33
25
C
33
4
D
11
2
E
3
1 3 7
9 If for two events A and B, Pr(A) = , and Pr(B) = , and Pr(A B) = , then
5 5 10
Pr(A B) is equal to
4
A
5
B
C
1
D
10
3
E
25
10 If for two events A and B, Pr(A) = 0.32, and Pr(A B) = 0.14, and Pr(A B) = 0.66,
then Pr(B) is equal to
A 0.34
B 0.48
C 0.4375
D 0.84
E 0.20
Suppose that 53% of VCE students are female, 85% of VCE students wish to go to
University, and that 45% of VCE students are females who wish to go to university.
11 The probability that a randomly chosen student does not wish to go to university is
A 0.47
B 0.55
C 0.4505
D 0.50
E 0.15
12 The probability that a randomly chosen student is male and does not want to go to
university is
A 0.45
B 0.07
C 0.08
D 0.40
E 0.15
The square target shown has sides of length 1 metre. Inside the square are a black circle of
radius 0.5 metres, and a grey circle of radius 0.2 metres. Suppose that a dart is thrown at the
target, and it is equally likely to hit any part of the target.
13 The probability that the dart will hit the grey region is
A 0.2
B 0.04
C 0.25
D 0.21
E 0.09
14 The probability that the dart will hit the black region is equal to
A 0.2
B 0.04
C 0.25
D 0.21
E 0.09
3 1
15 If for two events A and B, Pr(A) = , Pr(B) = , and Pr(A B) = , then Pr(AB) is
8 3
equal to
4
A
5
1
B
3
1
C
10
9
D
10
1
E
8
3
Suppose that in a certain town the probability that it is sunny on Saturday is . If it is sunny
8
5
on Saturday, then the probability that it is also sunny on Sunday is . If it is not sunny on
8
1
Saturday, then the probability that it is sunny on Sunday is only .
4
15
E
64
19 If A and B are independent events such that Pr(A) = 0.44 and Pr(B) = 0.19, then
Pr(A B) is equal to
A 0.0836
B 0.44
C 0.5654
D 0.25
E cannot be determined
20 If A and B are independent events such that Pr(A) = 0.3 and Pr(B) = 0.4, then Pr(A B)
is equal to
A 0.12
B 0.7
C 0.58
D 0.92
E cannot be determined
21 Suppose there are two jars, jar A and jar B. Jar A contains 3 white and 7 black jelly
beans. Jay B contains 6 white and 2 black jelly beans. Suppose that Meaghan selects a
jar at random, and then a jelly bean at random from the jar. The probability that
Meaghan chooses a white jelly bean is
21
A
40
1
B
2
3
C
10
9
D
40
3
E
11
5 A group of sixty teenagers was asked what they did on the weekends. A total of 45 said
they went to the beach, the movies or both. Of the 22 who went to the beach, 12 said
they also went to movies. A student is selected at random from the group. What is the
probability that:
a the student went to movies but not to the beach?
b the student did not go to either of these events?
7 If A and B are events such that Pr(A) = 0.65, Pr(B) = 0.2 and Pr(A B) = 0.1, find
a Pr(A B)
b Pr(A B)
8 If A and B are events such that Pr(A) = 0.54, Pr(B) = 0.23 and Pr(A B) = 0.33, find:
a Pr(A B)
b Pr(A B)
9 Of the patients reporting to a clinic, 35% have a headache, 50% have a fever and 10%
have both.
a What is the probability that a patient selected at random has either a headache, a
fever or both?
b Are the events ‘headache’ and ‘fever’ independent? Explain.
10 Given an experiment such that Pr(A) = 0.3, Pr(B) = 0.5, Pr(A B) = 0.2, find:
a Pr(A B)
b Pr(A′ B′)
c Pr(A|B)
d Pr(B|A)
1 1 1
11 Given that Pr(B) = , Pr(AB) = and Pr(AB) = , determine:
5 3 3
a Pr(A B′)
b Pr(A)
c Pr(B|A)
12 Records indicate that 60% of secondary school students participate in sport, and 50% of
secondary school students regularly read books for leisure. They also show that 20% of
students participate in sport and read books for leisure. Use this information to find:
a the probability that a person selected at random does not read books for leisure
b the probability that a person selected at random does not read books for leisure
given that they do not participate in sport.
Extended-response question
Two bowls each contain 10 pieces of fruit. In bowl A there are five oranges and five apples; in
bowl B there is one orange and nine apples.
a For each bowl, find the probability that two pieces of fruit chosen at random will both
be apples, if the first piece of fruit is not replaced before the second piece of fruit is
chosen.
b For each bowl, find the probability that two pieces of fruit chosen at random will both
be apples, if the first piece of fruit is replaced before the second is chosen.
c One bowl is chosen at random and from it two piece of fruit are chosen at random with
replacement. Find the probability that the pieces of fruit chosen are an apple and an
orange.
d One bowl is chosen at random and from it two pieces of fruit are chosen at random
without replacement. Find the probability that the pieces of fruit chosen are an apple
and an orange.