Chapter 2 (sample results)

Example 1. (One sample t-test)

Is there significant difference among the BP of resident female doctors?

Step 1
Ho: There is no significant difference among the BP of resident female doctors?
H1: There is significant difference among the BP of resident female doctors?

Step 2
Significant level is 0.05

Step 3
One sample t-test/ Dependent sample t-test

Step 4

One Sample T-Test

One Sample T-Test
t df p
BP 58.392 19 < .001
Note.  Student's t-test.

Step 5
There was significant difference among the BP of resident female doctors [t(19) = 58.392, p <
0.001] at 0.05 level of significance.
Example 2: Independent sample t-test

Is there significant difference in the level of hostility of the employees when grouped according
to absenteeism record?

Step 1
Ho: There is no significant difference in the level of hostility of the employees when grouped
according to absenteeism record.

H1: There is significant difference in the level of hostility of the employees when grouped
according to absenteeism record.

Step 2
Significant level is 0.05

Step 3
Independent sample t-test

Step 4

Independent Samples T-Test

Independent Samples T-Test

  t df p

Absent 4.704 35.000 < .001

Note.  Student's t-test.

Descriptives
Group Descriptives

  Group N Mean SD SE

Absent Group A 15 75.933 10.640 2.747

  Group B 22 59.909 9.851 2.100

Step 5
There was significant difference in the level of hostility of the employees when grouped
according to absenteeism record [t(35) = 4.704, p < 0.001] at 0.05 level of significance.

Example 3: Paired t-test

 Is there significant difference in systolic blood pressure of the participants before and after
taking captropil?

Step 1
Ho: There is no significant difference in systolic blood pressure of the participants before and
after taking captropil.
H1: There is significant difference in systolic blood pressure of the participants before and after
taking captropil.

Step 2
Significant level is 0.01

Step 3
Paired t-test

Step 4

Paired Samples T-Test

Paired Samples T-Test

      t df p

Before - After 3.366 9 0.008

Note.  Student's t-test.

Descriptives

  N Mean SD SE

Before 10 137.500 30.351 9.598

After 10 125.600 30.424 9.621

Step 5

There was significant difference in systolic blood pressure of the participants before and after
taking captropil [t(9) = 3.366, p = 0.008] at 0.01 level of significance.

Example 4: one-way ANOVA and Post hoc analysis

 Is there significant difference on the level of productivity when the participants are grouped
according to crowding?

Step 1
Ho: There is no significant difference on the level of productivity when the participants are
grouped according to crowding.

H1: There is significant difference on the level of productivity when the participants are grouped
according to crowding.

Step 2
Significant level is 0.05

Step 3
one-way ANOVA

Step 4
ANOVA - Crowding

Cases Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p

Groups 3415.284 2.000 1707.642 16.732 < .001

Residual 1428.833 14.000 102.060  

Note.  Type III Sum of Squares

Post Hoc Tests

Post Hoc Comparisons - Groups

  V1 – V2   Mean Difference SE t p scheffe

Moderate None -27.500 6.117 -4.495 0.002

  Severe 3.667 6.117 0.599 0.837

None Severe 31.167 5.833 5.343 < .001

Step 5
There was significant difference on the level of productivity when the participants are grouped
according to crowding [F(2, 14) = 16.732, p < 0.001] at 0.05 level of significance.
 Based from the post hoc analysis utilizing Scheffe Method, shows that the moderate group

creates difference with none group with mean difference of -27.05. Moreover, None group creates

difference with severe group, with mean difference of 31.167.