FALSE CEILING

CTM
PROFESSOR BGSSAP

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CONTENTS

• FALSE CEILING
• USES
• ELEMENTS OF FALSE CEILING
• FALSE CEILING SYSTEMS
• EXPOSED GRID SYSTEM
• CONCEALED GRID SYSTEM
• MATERIALS USED FOR FALSE CEILING
• DETAILS

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 FALSE CEILING
WHAT IS A FALSE CEILING ?
A FALSE CEILING IS A SECONDARY CEILING, HUNG BELOW THE MAIN (STRUCTURAL) CEILING. IT MAY ALSO BE
REFERRED TO AS A DROP CEILING, T-BAR CEILING, SUSPENDED CEILING, GRID CEILING, DROP IN CEILING,
DROP OUT CEILING, OR CEILING TILES.

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USES

AESTHETICAL APPEARANCE
• IT IMPROVES AESTHETICAL APPEARANCE ( FORM, COLOR, TREATMENT ETC) & PROPORTIONS BY
MANAGING ROOM-HEIGHTS.

• HIDES DUCTING & REDUCES THE VOLUME OF ROOM STRUCTURAL MEMBERS LIKE BEAMS,ETC OF THE
ROOM ARE CONCEALED.

• USED AS A DESIGN ELEMENT TO CREATE VARIOUS SHAPES AND CURVES.

THERMAL COMFORT
• PROVIDES INSULATION FROM HEAT AND COLD.

• REDUCES OVERALL VOLUME OF THE SPACE WHICH REDUCES AIR CONDITIONING COST.

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USES
ACOUSTICAL IMPROVEMENT
• ECHO REDUCTION IN CINEMA AND CONCERT HALLS

• SOUND ABSORBTION REDUCES NOISES AND REDUCES

REVERBERATION WITH IN THE AREA COVERED BY THE
CEILING.

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USES FALSE CEILING

LIGHTING PURPOSE
• TO ACCOMMODATE LIGHTING SYSTEMS. TO PROVIDE LIGHTING EFFECTS SUCH AS COVE LIGHTING,
RECESSED LIGHTING ETC.

• LIGHT REFLECTANCE- A CEILING THAT REFLECTS MORE LIGHT CAN REDUCE LIGHTING AND ELECTRICITY
COSTS.

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USES

FIRE SAFETY

• FIRE SAFETY IS ALWAYS A FACTOR IN

SEVERAL INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS,
CEILING TILES MADE FROM MINERAL
FIBRES OR FIRE-RATED WOOD PANELS
CAN BE USED WITHIN THE
CONSTRUCTION TO MEET ACCEPTABLE
STANDARDS AND RATINGS. DIFFERING
LEVELS OF FIRE PROTECTION ARE
OBTAINED FROM THE VARIOUS TYPES
OF CEILING AVAILABLE.

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USES

• ANTI-MICROBIAL PERFORMANCE -
THE CONTROL OF BIO-CONTAMINATION
IS ESSENTIAL IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS
SUCH AS HOSPITALS AND LARGE
COMMERCIAL KITCHENS.

• SOIL RESISTANCE AND

CLEANABILITY. ENVIRONMENTS THAT
ARE SUBJECT TO A LOT OF DIRT SUCH AS
CERTAIN MANUFACTURING BUILDINGS
MAY NEED CEILINGS THAT CAN RESIST
DIRT AND ARE EASY TO CLEAN.
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ELEMENTS OF A FALSE CEILING

1)Main runners
2)Secondary members
3)Perimeter section
A SUSPENDED CEILING SYSTEM
4)Hanging member
CONSISTS OF 3 PARTS:
5)Tile
1. PRIMARY MEMBERS
2. SECONDARY MEMBERS
3. MAIN CEILING MATERIAL OR
TILES (E.G. ACOUSTIC
BOARDS, CLOTH ETC.)

THESE PRIMARY AND

SECONDARY MEMBERS ARE
CALLED THE STRUCTURAL
MEMBERS AND FORM THE
FRAMEWORK ON WHICH THE
BOARDS, LIGHTING FIXTURES,
A.C DUCTS ETC. ARE FIXED.

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TYPES OF FALSE CEILING SYSTEMS

SUSPENDED CEILINGS ARE CREATED USING METAL GRID SYSTEMS, WHICH ARE SUSPENDED
BELOW THE CEILING OR ROOF DECK USING A SERIES OF WIRES. THE GRID IS THEN FILLED IN
WITH CEILING TILES, WHICH ARE PRIMARILY MADE FROM MINERAL FIBER BLENDS.

DEPENDING UP ON THE APPEARANCE AND VISIBILITY OF THE MEMBERS FALSE CEILINGS ARE
CLASSIFIED IN TO TWO TYPES.

1. EXPOSED GRID
2. CONCEALED GRID

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EXPOSED GRID SYTEMS

A SYSTEM WHERE THE GRID IS VISIBLE

AND INTO WHICH PANELS ARE LAID.
THE GRID IS FINISHED IN COLOURS TO
HARMONISE OR CONTRAST WITH THE
PANELS IS KNOWN AS EXPOSED GRID
TYPE CEILING.

EXPOSED GRID VARIETIES ARE THE

MOST COMMON TYPE OF SUSPENDED
CEILING. THEY CONSIST OF LONG METAL
STRIPS, CALLED "MAINS," WHICH ARE
INTERCONNECTED WITH SHORTER
METAL PIECES KNOWN AS "TEES
TOGETHER, THE MAINS AND TEES FORM
A GRID SYSTEM ,WHICH ARE THEN
FILLED WITH ACOUSTICAL CEILING TILES.
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EXPOSED GRID SYTEMS

EXPOSED GRID SUSPENDED CEILING SYSTEMS

CAN CONTRIBUTE TO PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION.

THE SYSTEM IS RAPID TO INSTALL AND CAN

PROVIDE A HIGH DEGREE OF ACCESS TO THE
CEILING VOID.

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TYPICAL FALSE CEILING

TYPICAL
CONSTRUCTION OF
A SUSPENDED
CEILING.

MAIN RUNNER
3600MM
CROSS TEE 1200MM
CROSS TEE 600MM
SUSPENSION WIRE
EDGE/PERIMETER
TRIM 3000MM
SUSPENDED CEILING
TILE.

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CONCEALED GRID SYSTEMS

CONCEALED GRID SYSTEMS USE THE ACOUSTICAL

TILES TO HIDE THE GRID SYSTEM FROM VIEW. THIS
CREATES A SMOOTH, CLEAN WHICH IS AESTHETICALLY
PLEASING.

THE TILE USED HAS A SMALL GROOVE BUILT INTO IT'S

PERIMETER, WHICH SLIDES OVER THE MAINS AND
TEES TO COVER THEM. VARIOUS METAL AND A FEW
KINDS OF POP CEILINGS COME UNDER THIS
CATEGEORY THIS TYPE IS MORE EXPENSIVE THAN AN
EXPOSED SYSTEM.

THIS KIND OF FALSE CEILING SYSTEM IS DIFFICULT FOR

MAINTENANCE TO ACCESS AREAS ABOVE THE
CEILING.

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CONCEALED GRID SYSTEMS

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MATERIALS USED FOR FALSE CEILING

DEPENDING ON THE PLACE OF USAGE, AMBIENCE NEEDED AND ECONOMY AVAILABLE.

THE MOST COMMOLY USED FALSE CEILING MATERIALS ARE

➢ GYPSUM BOARDS
➢ PLASTER OF PARIS (POP)

OTHER MATERIALS USED ARE-

➢ METAL ( ALUMUNIUM, ASBESTOS)

➢ MINERAL WOOL BOARD
➢ POLY VINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)
➢ UPVC
➢ WOOD
➢ POLYSTYRENE
➢ GLASS
➢ ACRYLIC

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 FALSE CEILING

GYPSUM BOARD (Gypboard)

A suspended Gypsum board ceiling

can be constructed by nailing
Gypsum board panels to each other,
or by fixing the panels in a metal
grid (usually steel). Generally,
gypsum panels of 600 mm×600mm
are used.

✓ LIGHTWEIGHT
✓ FLEXIBLE
✓ FIRE RESISTANT
✓ MOISTURE RESISTANT
✓ TOUGH, VERSATILE AND
ECONOMICAL
✓ SOUNDPROOF
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GYPSUM BOARD (Gypboard)

DRYWALL (ALSO KNOWN AS PLASTERBOARD, WALLBOARD, GYPSUM PANEL, SHEET ROCK, OR

GYPSUM BOARD) IS A PANEL MADE OF CALCIUM SULFATE DIHYDRATE (GYPSUM), WITH OR
WITHOUT ADDITIVES, TYPICALLY EXTRUDED BETWEEN THICK SHEETS OF FACER AND BACKER
PAPER, UTILIZED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INTERIOR WALLS AND CEILINGS.

CaSO4·2H2O
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GYPSUM BOARD (Gypboard)

GYPSUM CEILING ARE POPULAR BECAUSE:

• The ‘dry construction’ eliminates the use of extra water while making the ceiling. This also keeps the
building clean.
• Gypsum board is quite flexible. It allows for various shapes and design-such as plain, curved, stepped,
coffered, pelmet, drop design, etc.
• Gypsum board has high impact-resistance and is very strong. It is possible to suspend a load of up to 15
kg from the ceiling without any difficulty.
• A Gyp board ceiling suspended on a metal grid forms a strong ceiling design.
• The ceiling can be easily decorated with wallpaper or paint, 24 hours after it is constructed.
• Glass fibre-reinforced gyp board makes excellent insulation material.
• Gypsum ceilings are non-resonant which makes then good soundproofing.
• When exposed to fire, gypsum gives out water, which is converted to steam and helps combat the fire.
This is what makes the ceiling fireproof.
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SAMPLES

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APPLICATION

OPEN AREAS IN OFFICE SPACES

RECEPTION AREAS
SHOWROOMS

CHARACTERISTICS
• Panel has perforations in random
pattern and are economical, durable and
dimensionally stable.
• Pre-painted and cooled with special
paint which is washable and has anti-
mould growth and anti -yellowing
properties.

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APPLICATION

HOSPITALS
ELECTRONICS
PHARMACY COMPANIES

CHARACTERISTICS
• Ceiling panels has vinyl laminate or PVC film on the face side for a maintenance free surface and is available in a
granular texture

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APPLICATION

MULTIPLEXES &CINEMA
HALLS AUDITORIUMS
SOUND RECORDING
STUDIOS EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTES

CHARACTERISTICS
• This ceiling panel has
square holes in regular
pattern and is backed with
a special non woven lining.
• This range provides
"excellent sound absorption
properties with insulation
mat.
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METAL FALSE CEILING PANELS

THE FALSE CEILING IS CONSTRUCTED WITH

METAL PANELS. THEY ARE IDEAL FOR
CONCEALING DUCTS AND WIRING, SINCE
THEY CAN BE EASILY INSTALLED AND
MAINTAINED.

ALUMINUM OR STEEL PANELS,

600MM×600MM IN SIZE, ARE GENERALLY
USED. THE PANELS CAN BE LAID ON A
VISIBLE STEEL GRID WITH T-SECTIONS OR
CROSS-SECTIONS THAT ARE SUSPENDED
FROM THE CEILING BY RODS.

THE PANELS CAN ALSO BE CLIPPED TO EACH

OTHER OR CLIPPING INTO A SUSPENSION
SYSTEM HAVING SPRINGS. THAT METHOD
PREVENTS THE PANEL EDGES FROM BEING
SEEN.
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PLASTER OF PARIS (POP)

GYPSUM, WHICH GIVES OUT WATER

WHEN HEATED, MAKES POP.

POST-HEATING, GYPSUM SOFTENS

AND IS THEN CRUSHED TO FORM A
POWDER. POP HARDENS INSTANTLY
WHEN WATER IS ADDED TO IT.

IT IS APPLIED TO FIBREBOARD OR A
WOOD BASE, WHICH IS THEN
SUSPENDED TO FORM THE FALSE
CEILING.

LABOR COST FOR THE POP CEILING

IS HIGH.
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PLASTER OF PARIS (POP)

PLASTER OF PARIS FALSE

CEILING ARE ATTRACTIVE,
ALMOST NO MAINTENANCE AND
HAS A LONG LIFE SPAN.

THEY ARE VERY EXCELLENT

INSULATORS OR HEAT AND
COLD.

THESE TYPES OF FALSE CEILING

DON’T ONLY HIDE THE UGLY
MEMBERS OF STRUCTURE,
VENTILATION DUCTS AND
CONDUITS BUT ALSO GIVE
SMOOTH FINISH TO THE
CEILING.
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 FALSE CEILING
PLYWOOD FALSE CEILING
Plywood ceiling are widely used for their visual appeal. These ceilings are created with strips of ply glued or nailed
together. The strips are held together and strengthened with ply supports at equal distances. Ply ceiling are generally used
in place with cold climates.

ADVANTAGES
• They are strong and look appealing.
• They can be given various finishes, or painted to get the right look.

DISADVANTAGES
• They can be treated to increase their lifespan. But ply ceiling are difficult to maintain, since these are prone to termite
attacks.
• The room has to be thermally controlled to reduce the humidity in the air.
• The wood is prone to warping and other physical changes, with time.

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PLYWOOD FALSE CEILING SAMPLES

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PVC FALSE CEILING

✓ Light in weight
✓ Moisture resistant and reduces
condensation
✓ Cleanable, non-absorbent surface and
will not discolour.
✓ Bright, durable and hygienic surface,
which is easily maintained.
✓ Practical ceiling system suitable for any
area requiring a fixed, non-porous, non-
fibrous and non-absorbent ceiling.
✓ Termite proof
✓ Fire retardant
✓ Economical
✓ Maintenance free
✓ Can incorporate flush fitting, lighting,
access hatches, air vents and sprinklers
✓ Easy to install
✓ Available in various colours shades
✓ No hassles of painting & polishing.
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FIBERBOARD / FIBER / MINERAL REINFORCED CEILING TILES

FALSE CEILING CAN BE MADE WITH FIBER OR MINERAL REINFORCED TILES AND FIBERBOARD. FIBER
REINFORCED TILES ARE STRENGTHENED WITH WOOD VEGETABLE FIBER, WOOD WASTE, REED PAPER
AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES. MINERAL TILES ARE CERAMICS REINFORCED WITH NATURAL STONE, WOOD,
VEGETABLE FIBER, BITUMEN AND TARS. THIS PROCESS INCREASES THE INSULATION CAPACITY OF THE
PRODUCT.

Advantages
✓ They have high insulation against sound and
fire.
✓ The fiber increases the hardness and the
toughness of the material.
✓ The material can be decorated with paint or
other finishes improving the aesthetics of the
room.
✓ Water repellents and preservatives can be
added to increase the life of the product.
✓ If fire safety is a factor, ceiling tiles made from
mineral fibers, or fire-rated wood panels can be
used within the construction to meet acceptable
standards/ratings
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WOOD WOOL

Description
1-layer magnesite bonded
wood wool acoustic panel
(fibre width approx. 1 mm)

Colored and decorative for offices

and
Public buildings

Thickness:
35 mm, 25 mm, 15 mm

Width:
600 mm, 625 mm

Length:
1,200 mm, 1,250 mm, 600 mm, 625
mm
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FABRIC AND CLOTH

Fabric is an inexpensive material, may be draped across ceilings.

It collect dust, these are used for temporary purposes in big churches and function halls.

In some places, the light is diffused through the fabric providing a comfortable intensity.

This kind of false ceiling is not functional but greatly adds to the aesthetics of the place.

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DISADVANTAGES OF FALSE CEILINGS

➢ PESTS- THEY CAN GET THROUGH INTO THE SPACE BETWEEN AND CAN START THEIR
OWN BREEDING WHICH MIGHT LEAD TO A LOT OF TROUBLE.

➢ WE NEED TO BE CAREFUL WHILE PUTTING UP DECORATIONS OR HANGINGS ON A

FALSE CEILING MAKING SURE OF THE STRENGTH AND DURABILITY WITH REGARD TO
THE CEILING.

➢ FALSE CEILING REDUCES THE HEIGHT OF THE CEILING CONSIDERABLY.

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COMPANIES /MATERIAL SUPPLIERS

GYPSUM BOARDS- INDIA GYPSUM PVT. LIMITED.

ALUMINIUM METAL PANELS- LUXALON, VISTA, LEVOLOR.

FIBREBOARD AND MINERAL BOARD PANELS- ARMSTRONG,

INARCO LIMITED, ARK INTERNATIONAL, MODERN PLASTA
CORPORATION.

POP- ETERNIT EVEREST LIMITED.

PVC AND UPVC- BEASAL POLYTECH INDIA PVT. LTD, MODEL

INTERIORS , POLY EXTRUSIONS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED.

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