1.

Henderson

Henderson has been heralded as the greatest advocate for nursing

libraries worldwide.following the complation of her revised text in
1955, hendersen moved to yale university. it was here that she
began what would become a distinguished career in library science
resesarch. of all her contributions to nursing, virginia henderson's
work on the identification and control of nursing literature is
perhaps her greatest. in the 1950 there was an increasing interst on
the part of the profession to establish a research basis for practice
of nursing. It was also recognized that the body of nursing
knowledge was unsurtructured and therefore inaccessible to
practicing nurses and educators. Henderson encouraged nurses to
become active in the work of classifying the nursing literature.
Virginia Henderson and leo w. simmons, an anthropologist at yele
university, were asked to make a survey of existing nursing
research (simmons & Henderson, 1964). Working on a grant
awarded to yale university, Henderson went to 30 states to
determine what nursing research had been done there, what
individuals knew about, and what studies they would do if they
had the necessary resources (Henderson,1991). The results of the
survey indicated that awareness of nursing research was limited
and that nurse researchers were conducting studies from the
perspective of the social sciences (Henderson, sterilizing
equipment, and serving food (harmer & Henderson,1955).

At the same time, Henderson was not in favor of the practice of

assigning patients to lesser trained workers on the basisi of level
compiexity. For Henderson, “ all ‘nursing care’…. Is individual”
(harmer & Henderson, 1955,p. 9). As the authority on basic nursing
care, Henderson belived the nurse has the responsibility to assess
the needs of the individual patient, help individuals meet their
health needs, and or provide an environment in which the
individual can perform activities unalded. It is the nurse’s role,
according to Henderson, “to get inside the patient’s skin and
supplement his strength, will or knoeledge according to his needs”
(Harmer & Henderson, 1955, p. 9). Conceptualizing the nurse as a
substitute for the patient’s lack of necessary will strength or
knoeledge to attain Florence wald, dean of yale university school of
nursing., recognized the value of the bibliography developed from
the survey and pursued a grant from rhe U.S. public health service
to publish the bibliography.

An advisory committee and what would become the interagency

council on library resources for nursing were formed to support the
project at it’s completion, the 11-years project was published by J.
B. Lippincott Company as the four-volume annotated index to the
analytical and historical literature on nursing from 1900 through
1959, knows as the nursing studies index (NSI). The success of the
NSI and the efforts of the interagency council on library of medicine
and continues to be a major scholastic resource in nursing. The INI
includes articles selected from nursing and non-nursing journals,
publications and agencies, nursing books published, and nursing
dissertations. In an effort to help nurses use the index more easily,
the nursing thesaurus was revised to include commonly used
nursing terms as cross-references to the Medical Subject Headlings
in 1968.
Virginia Henderson remained a strong advocate for nursing
resource development throughout her lifetime. In 1990, the sigma
theta tau international library was named in her honor. Henderson
insisted that if the library were to bear her name, the electronic
networking system would have to advance the work of staff nurses
by providing them with current, jargon free information wherever
they were based.
1. Henderson

henderson telah digembar-gemborkan sebagai advokat terbesar

untuk perpustakaan keperawatan worldwide.following yang
complation teks revisi nya pada tahun 1955, hendersen pindah ke
Universitas Yale. itu di sini bahwa ia mulai apa yang akan menjadi
karir cemerlang di perpustakaan resesarch ilmu. dari semua
kontribusi nya untuk keperawatan, kerja virginia henderson pada
identifikasi dan kontrol sastra keperawatan mungkin terbesarnya.
pada tahun 1950 ada interst meningkat pada bagian dari profesi
untuk membangun dasar penelitian untuk praktek keperawatan.
Hal itu juga diakui bahwa tubuh pengetahuan keperawatan adalah
unsurtructured dan karena itu tidak dapat diakses untuk berlatih
perawat dan pendidik. Henderson mendorong perawat untuk
menjadi aktif dalam pekerjaan mengelompokkan literatur
keperawatan. Virginia Henderson dan leo w. simmons, seorang
antropolog di universitas Yele, diminta untuk melakukan survei
penelitian keperawatan yang ada (simmons & Henderson, 1964).
Bekerja pada hibah diberikan kepada yale university, Henderson
pergi ke 30 negara untuk menentukan apa penelitian keperawatan
telah dilakukan di sana, apa yang orang tahu tentang, dan studi apa
yang akan mereka lakukan jika mereka memiliki sumber daya yang
diperlukan (Henderson, 1991). Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa
kesadaran penelitian keperawatan terbatas dan bahwa para
peneliti perawat sedang melakukan penelitian dari perspektif ilmu-
ilmu sosial (Henderson, sterilisasi peralatan, dan melayani
makanan (Harmer & Henderson, 1955).

Pada saat yang sama, Henderson tidak mendukung praktek

menugaskan pasien untuk pekerja yang lebih rendah dilatih pada
basisi tingkat compiexity. Untuk Henderson, "semua
'perawatan' .... Adalah individu "(Harmer & Henderson, 1955, p. 9).
Sebagai otoritas pada perawatan dasar, Henderson Nike perawat
memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menilai kebutuhan masing-masing
pasien, membantu individu memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan
mereka, dan atau menyediakan lingkungan di mana individu dapat
melakukan kegiatan unalded. Ini adalah peran perawat, menurut
Henderson, "untuk masuk ke dalam kulit pasien dan suplemen
kekuatannya, akan atau knoeledge sesuai dengan kebutuhannya"
(Harmer & Henderson, 1955, p. 9). Konseptualisasi perawat sebagai
pengganti kurangnya pasien kekuatan kehendak yang diperlukan
atau knoeledge untuk mencapai Florence wald, dekan yale sekolah
universitas keperawatan., Mengakui nilai bibliografi dikembangkan
dari survei dan dikejar hibah dari rhe pelayanan kesehatan publik
AS untuk menerbitkan bibliografi.

Sebuah komite penasihat dan apa yang akan menjadi dewan antar
sumber daya perpustakaan untuk menyusui dibentuk untuk
mendukung proyek di itu selesai, proyek 11-tahun diterbitkan oleh
JB Lippincott Company sebagai empat jilid dijelaskan indeks
literatur analitis dan historis pada keperawatan dari 1900 melalui
1959, tahu sebagai indeks studi keperawatan (NSI). Keberhasilan
NSI dan upaya dewan antar di perpustakaan kedokteran dan terus
menjadi sumber daya skolastik utama dalam keperawatan. The INI
meliputi artikel yang dipilih dari keperawatan dan non-
keperawatan jurnal, publikasi dan lembaga, buku keperawatan
diterbitkan, dan disertasi keperawatan. Dalam upaya untuk
membantu perawat menggunakan indeks lebih mudah, tesaurus
keperawatan direvisi untuk memasukkan istilah keperawatan yang
umum digunakan sebagai referensi silang ke Medical Subject
Headlings pada tahun 1968.

Virginia Henderson tetap menjadi pendukung kuat bagi

pengembangan sumber daya keperawatan sepanjang hidupnya.
Pada tahun 1990, sigma theta tau perpustakaan internasional
bernama untuk menghormatinya. Henderson menegaskan bahwa
jika perpustakaan yang menanggung namanya, sistem jaringan
elektronik harus memajukan pekerjaan staf perawat dengan
menyediakan saat ini, informasi gratis jargon mana pun mereka
didasarkan.
2. Jhonson

Stevenson and woods (1986, p. 6) state “nursing science is the

domain of knowledge concerned with the adaptation of individuals
and groups to actual or potential health problems, the
environments that influence health in humans and the therapeutic
interventions that promote health and affect the consequences of
illness.” This position focuses efforts in nursing science on the
expansion of knowledge about clients’ health problems and nursing
therapeutics. Nurse researchers have demonstrated the usefulness
of jhonson’s model in a clinical practice in a variety of ways. The
majority of the research focuses