 Commercial Vehicle 

A commercial vehicle is any type of motor vehicle used for transporting goods or

paying passengers.
The United States defines a "commercial motor vehicle" as any self-propelled or towed vehicle
used on a public highway in interstate commerce to transport passengers or property when the
vehicle:
1. has a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg (10,001 pounds) or more
2. Is designed or used to transport more than 8 passengers (including the driver) for
compensation;
3. Is designed or used to transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver, not used
to transport passengers for compensation;
4. Is used in transporting material found by the Secretary of Transportation to be
hazardous.
The federal definition though followed closely is meant to accommodate and remain flexible
to each state's definitions.
The European Union defines a "commercial motor vehicle" as any motorized road vehicle, that
by its type of construction and equipment is designed for, and capable of transporting, whether
for payment or not:
1. More than nine persons, including the driver;
2. Goods and "standard fuel tanks". This means the tanks permanently fixed by the
manufacturer to all motor vehicles of the same type as the vehicle in question and whose
permanent fitting lets fuel be used directly, both for propulsion and, where appropriate, to
power a refrigeration system. Gas tanks fitted to motor vehicles for the direct use of
diesel as a fuel are considered standard fuel tanks.

Diagram 1.Commercial Chassis

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For commercial vehicles the motivation is almost the same as for passenger cars, but one more
class of loads must be taken into account, because commercial vehicles can have significantly
higher customer loads. A good example of this is an ambulance. Electrical devices installed to
fulfill the intended operation of this vehicle define additional transient and engine-off load-use
cases, as well as a higher average load current. While the higher average load would typically
cascade into alternator sizing requirements, the transient and engine-off loads impose
requirements to the energy storage system. The addition of auxiliary ESDs may reliably fulfill
such growing needs for the customer.
 These heavy and robust vehicles used for haulage are powered by a diesel engine.
 Its gross vehicles weight is more than 3 tones. It required twin tyres fitted side by side
on the rear wheels for carrying heavy loads. Sometimes, more axles added for very heavy
loads.
 Two rear wheels are usually provided to increase the load capacity of commercial
vehicles.
 To increase a balanced load on each axle. Twin front or rear axles may also be used with
an arrangement of the springing. For increased traction, the drive can be both rear axles.
 The rearmost axle if made dead or used for load carrying only can also result in increased
traction.

Diagram 2.Commercial Vehicles

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YouTube Link:

https://youtu.be/--MS8hogCrk

Websites Link:

https://images.app.goo.gl/nm8cAaZS54Z3JUc77

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_vehicle

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