EXERCISE - 5A

(1) A body of volume 100 cm3 weighs 5 kgf in air. It is completely immersed in a liquid of
density 1.8 x 103 kg m-3. Find a ) the upthrust due to liquid and b ) the weight of the body in
liquid.

Given : Weight of the body in air = W = 5kgf

Volume of Body = V = 100 cm³ = 100x10⁻⁶ m³ = 10⁻⁴ m³

Density of liquid = d = 1.8x 10³kg/m³

a] The upthrust due to liquid 

Upthrust = Buoyant Force B = Vdg

= 10⁻⁴ x 1.8 x 10³x g

= 0.18 gN
= 0.18 kgf

b] The weight of the body in liquid : So weight of Body in Liquid = W - B

= 5kgf - 0.18 kgf = 4.82 kgf

(2) A body weighs 450 gf in a air and 310 gf when completely immersed in water find (i)the
volume of a body(ii) the loss in weight of the body and (iii) the upthrust of the body.

Weight of the body in air, W1 = 450 gf = 450g dynes

Weight of the body in water, W2 = 310 gf = 310g dynes

Let, d be the density of the body, V be its volume. Let q be the density of water.

Now,

W1 = Vdg

=> 450g = Vdg

Buoyant force, B = Vqg

=> B = Vg [q = 1 g/cm3]

Now, W2 = W – B

=> 310g = 450g – Vg => V = 140 cm3

Loss in weight = Buoyant force = Vqg = 140 × 1 × g = 140g dynes = 140 gf

Again, upthrust = Buoyant force = 140 gf

(3) You are provided with a hollow iron ball A of volume 15 cm 3 and mass 12 g and a solid iron
ball B of mass 12 g. Both are placed on the surface of water contained in a large tub. Find (a)
upthrust on each ball. (b) Which ball will sink? Give reason for your answer. (Density of iron
= 8.0 g cm-3)

Volume of hollow Iron ball A = 15 cm3

Mass of hollow Iron ball A = 12 g
Mass of solid Iron ball B = 12 g
Density of Iron = 8.0 g cm3
Volume of solid Iron ball B = Mass ÷ Density = 12 ÷ 8 = 1.5 cm -3
(a) Upthrust on Iron Ball A = Volume of Iron Ball A x Density of Water x g = 15 x 1 x g = 15 gf
& Upthrust on Iron Ball B = Volume of Iron Ball B x Density of Water x g = 1.5 x 1 x g = 1.5 gf

(b) Ball B will sink because the upthrust on Ball B (1.5 gf) is less than its weight 12 gf, while the upthrust on
Ball A (15 gf), if it is fully submerged, which is greater than its weight 12 gf, so it will float with its that much
part submerged for which upthrust becomes equal to 12 gf (its weight).

(4) A solid of density 5000 Kg m−3 weight 0.5 Kgf in air. It is completely immersed in water of

density 1000 Kg m−3. Calculate the apparent weight of the solid in water.

Density ρ  = 5000 kg/m3

Weight = 0.5 kg f in air

Mass M = 0.5 kg 
Volume V = M / ρ 
           = 0.5 / 5000 = 10−4m3
mass of water displaced = V∗ density of water
  = 10−4∗1000 = 0.1 kg  

Apparent weight = wt in air - wt of water displaced

                           = 0.5 kg f - 0.1 kg f  = 0.4 kg f

(5) Two Spheres A and B, each of volume 100cm3 are placed on water (Density=1.0g cm-3).
The Sphere A is made of wood of density 0.3g cm-3 and the Sphere B is Made of Iron of Density
8.9g cm-3.

Given: Density of water = 1 gcm-3

Density of sphere A = 0.3 gcm-3

Density of sphere B = 8.9 gcm-3

Volume of sphere A & B = 100 cm3

(a) (i) Weight of sphere A = density of sphere A x volume of sphere x g = 0.3 x 100 x g = 30 gf

Weight of sphere B = density of sphere B x volume of sphere x g = 8.9 x 100 x g = 890 gf

(ii) Upthrust on sphere A = volume of sphere A x density of water x g = 100 x 1 x g = 100 gf

Upthrust on sphere B = volume of sphere B x density of water x g = 100 x 1 x g = 100 gf

Upthrust acting on both the spheres is the same as the volume of spheres A and B inside water is the same

(b) Sphere A will float as the density of wood is lesser than that of water.

If a body has a density which is greater than that of a liquid, it will sink in it but if a body has average density
that is equal to or lesser than that of the liquid, the body shall float on it.

(6) The mass of a block made of certain material is 13.5 kg and its volume is 15 ×10-3 m3.
(a) Calculate upthrust on the block if it is held fully immersed in water
(b) Will the block sink or float in water when it is released
(c) What will be the upthrust on block floating , take density of water 1000 kg m -3

Given: Mass of the block = 13.5 kg

Volume of the block = 15 x 10-3 m3
Density of water = 1000 kg m-3

(a) Upthrust on the block = volume of the block x density of water x g = 15 x 10 -3 x 1000 x g = 15 kgf

(b) The block will float on water as the upthrust on it is more than its weight when immersed completely in
water (if mass is 13.5 kg, weight = 13.5 kgf)

(c) When the block is floating, the upthrust is equivalent to its weight = 13.5 kgf

(7) A piece of brass weighs 175 gf in air and 150 gf when fully submerged in water. The density of
water is 1.0 g cm3.
(i) What is the volume of the brass piece? (ii) Why does the brass piece weigh less in water? 

Given: Weight of brass piece in air = 175gf

Weight of the brass piece in water = 150gf
Density of water = 1.0gcm-3
(i) We know that volume of a body is the loss in weight of the body
∴ Volume = loss in weight = 175 – 150 = 25 cm3
(ii) The brass piece weighs lesser in water due to upthrust.

(8) A metal cube of edge 5cm and density 9.0g/cm³ is suspended by a thread so as to be completely
immersed in a liquid of density 1.2g/cm³. Find the tension in thread. (Take g = 10 m s -2)

Given: Density of metal cube = 9.0 gcm-3

Density of liquid = 1.2 gcm-3
Side of the cube = 5cm
Volume of the cube = 5 x 5 x 5 = 125cm 3

To find weight of the cube :

Mass of the cube = volume of the cube x density of the cube

= 125 x 9 = 1125 g
∴ Weight of the cube = 1125 gf
Weight of the cube acts downwards
Upthrust acting on the cube = weight of the liquid moved = volume of the cube x density of the liquid x g =
125 x 1.2 x g = 150gf
Upthrust on the cube acts in the upward direction

Tension in thread = total force acting in the downward direction

= weight of the cube acting downwards – upthrust acting on the cube = 1125 – 150 = 975 gf or 9.75N

(9) A block of wood is floating on water with its dimensions 50 cm x 50 cm x 50 cm inside water.
Calculate the buoyant force acting on the block.Take g = 9.8 N kg -1

Given: Volume of the block = 50cm x 50cm x 50cm = 125000cm 3

Expressing volume in m3 => 0.125 m3 g = 9.8N kg-1 or 9.8m/s2

We know that buoyant force = V ρ g = 0.125 x 1000 x 9.8 = 1225N

(10) A body of mass 3.5 kg displaces 1000 cm³ of water when dully immersed inside it. Calculate.
volume of the body (ii) upthrust on body and the apparent weight of body in water

Given: Mass of block = 3.5kg => weight of the body = 3.5kgf

Volume of the water displaced when completely immersed in water = 1000cm3

(i) To find the volume of the body

when completely immersed in liquid is equivalent to the volume of the water displaced

Volume of the block = 1000 cm3 or 0.001m3

(ii) Upthrust acting on the body = volume of the body x density of water x g = 0.001 x 1000 x g = 1 kgf

(iii) The apparent weight of body in water= true weight – upthrust = 3.5 - 1 = 2.5 kgf
 EXERCISE – 5B

1) The density of cooper is 8.83 g cm-3 express it in kg m-3

1 gm = 10-3 Kg
1 cm = 10-2 m so, 1 cm3 = 10-6 m3

So, the density of copper is, 8.83 g cm-3 = [8.83 x 10-3]/10-6 kg m-3 = 8830 kg m-3

2) The relative density of mercury is 13.6 state its density in CGS unit and SI unit

Density in CGS is 13.6 g cm-3

Density in SI unit = 13600 kg m-3 = 13.6 x 103 kg m-3

3) The density of iron is 7.8×103 kg m-3. What is its relative density?

Relative Density = Density of Iron/Density of Water = 7.8 × 103 kg m-3 ÷ 103 kg m-3 = 7.8

Relative Density is same as density, it just does not have any unit, is a pure ratio.

4) The relative density of silver is 10.8. Find its density.

Relative density is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water. It is also known as specific
gravity.

Here, in this case

Relative density = Density of silver/Density of water

10.8 = density of silver/10³ kg m-3

Density of silver = 10.8 × 10³ kg m-3 or 10800 kg m-3

5) Calculate the mass of a body whose volume is 2m3 and RD is 0.52.

Relative density = Density of the body/Density of water

0.52 = D/10³ kg m-3

Thus, the Density of the body = 0.52 × 10³ kg m -3 or 520 kg m-3

Mass = density × volume = 520 kg m-3 × 2 m³ = 1040 kg

6) Calculate the mass of air in a room of dimensions 4.5 m x 3.5 m x 2.5 m if the density
of air at N.T.P. is 1.3 kg m-3.
Volume of the room = length x breadth x height

= 4.5 x 3.5 x 2.5 m3= 39.375 m3

Density of air =1.3 kg m-3

We know that Density = Mass/Volume

or Mass = Density x Volume
= 1.3 x 39.375 = 51.188 kg = 51.19 kg

7) A piece of stone of mass 113 g sinks to the bottom in water contained in a measuring
cylinder and water level is cylinder rises from 30 ml to 40 ml.Calculate relative density of
stone.

Mass of the stone = 113 g

Volume of stone = Volume of water displaced = 40 ml – 30 ml = 10 ml
Density of stone = MassStone/VolumeStone = 113/10 = 11.3 g/ml
Relative density of stone = DensityStone/DensityWater = 11.3/1 = 11.3
 
8) A body of volume 100 cm3 weighs 1kgf in air. Find (i) its weight in water and (ii) its relative
density.

(ii) Volume of the body = 100 cm3

Weight of the body in air = 1 kgf = 1000 gf = 10 N
So, mg = 10 N and Mass of the body = 10 ÷ g = 10 ÷ 10= 1 kg = 1000 g
Density of the body = m ÷ v = 1000 ÷ 100 = 10 g cm-3
∴ Relative density = 10

(i) Volume of water displaced = Volume of the body = 100 cm3

Upthrust acting on the body = 100 gf
So, weight of the body in the water = 1000 – 100 = 900 gf