Multiple-Choice Test

Background
Integration
COMPLETE SOLUTION SET
b
1. Physically, integrating ∫ f ( x)dx
a
means finding the

(A) area under the curve from a to b

(B) area to the left of point a
(C) area to the right of point b
(D) area above the curve from a to b
Solution
The correct answer is (A).

b
Integrating ∫ f ( x)dx means finding the area under the curve of the function f ( x ) from a to b.
a
 2. The mean value of a function f (x) from a to b is given by
f (a ) + f (b)
(A)
2
⎛a + b⎞
f (a ) + 2 f ⎜ ⎟ + f ( b)
⎝ 2 ⎠
(B)
4
b
(C) ∫ f ( x)dx
a
b

∫ f ( x)dx
(D) a
b−a
Solution
The correct answer is (D).
The mean value of a function f ( x) from a to b is given by
Area under the curve from a to b
f =
Width of the interval from a to b
b

∫ f ( x)dx
= a
b−a
 2.2

∫ xe
x
3. The exact value of dx is most nearly
0.2

(A) 7.8036
(B) 11.807
(C) 14.034
(D) 19.611

Solution
The correct answer is (B).

To solve this integral we must integrate by parts.

∫ u dv = uv − ∫ v du
where
u=x
du = dx
and
dv = e x dx
v = ex
2.2 2.2

∫ xe dx = ∫ xd (e )
x x

0.2 0.2

[ ]
2.2
2.2
= xe x 0.2 − ∫ e dx
x

0.2

[
= xe − e ]x x 2.2
0.2

= (2.2e − e ) − (0.2e
2.2 2.2 0.2
− e 0.2 )
= 10.83 − (− 0.9771)
= 11.807
 2
4. ∫ f ( x)dx for
0.2

f ( x ) = x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.2
= x , 1.2 < x ≤ 2.4
2

is most nearly
(A) 1.9800
(B) 2.6640
(C) 2.7907
(D) 4.7520
Solution
The correct answer is (C).

2 1.2 2

∫ f ( x)dx = ∫ x dx + ∫ x dx
2

0.2 0.2 1.2

1.2 2
⎡1 ⎤ ⎡1 ⎤
= ⎢ x 2 ⎥ + ⎢ x3 ⎥
⎣ 2 ⎦ 0.2 ⎣ 3 ⎦1.2
⎛ 1.2 2 0.2 2 ⎞ ⎛ 23 1.23 ⎞
= ⎜⎜ − ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ − ⎟⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ ⎝ 3 3 ⎠
= 0.7 + 2.0907
= 2.7907
 5. The area of a circle of radius a can be found by the following integral
a

∫ (a )
− x 2 dx
2
(A)
0
2π
(B) ∫
0
a 2 − x 2 dx

a
(C) 4 ∫ a 2 − x 2 dx
0
a
(D) ∫
0
a 2 − x 2 dx

Solution
The correct answer is (C).

The equation for a circle of radius a is

y2 + x2 = a2
y = a2 − x2

y
(0, a)

0 (a, 0)
x

To find the area of the shaded quarter circle shown, we can find the area under the curve of the
integral of y = a 2 − x 2 from 0 to a.
a
A = ∫ a 2 − x 2 dx
0

Thus, the area of the full circle is four times the quarter circle
a
A = 4∫ a 2 − x 2 dx
0
 6. Velocity distribution of a fluid flow through a pipe varies along the radius and is
given by v(r ) . The flow rate through the pipe of radius a is given by
(A) πv(a )a 2
v(0) + v(a) 2
(B) π a
2
a
(C) ∫ v(r )dr
0
a
(D) 2π ∫ v(r )rdr
0

Solution
The correct answer is (D).

r + dr

The differential area is the area bound by the concentric circles and is given by
dA = π (r + dr ) − πr 2
2

= πr 2 + π (dr ) + 2πr dr − πr 2
2

= 2πr dr + π (dr )
2

Since
(dr )2 << dr
we have
dA ≈ 2πr dr

The flow rate dQ through the differential element of the pipe is
dQ = (velocity ) × (differential area )
= (v(r )) × (2πr dr )
a
Q = ∫ v(r )2πr dr
0
a
= 2π ∫ v(r )r dr
0