CLASS TASK # 3

Computer Architecture

FAKHAR E ABID
BCSM-S17-089
Solve possible organization of an embedded system by considering a
real time example:

MY EXAPMLE: WASHING MACHINE

1. PROCESSOR Used in Washing Machines

The microprocessor unit in your washing machine controls sensors, valves and actuators

responsible for controlling the parts that clean your clothes. Examples
 AURIX 32-bit TriCore Microcontroller.
 PSoC 32-bit Arm Cortex Microcontroller.
 Traveo 32-bit Arm Cortex Microcontroller.
 32-bit Industrial Microcontroller based on ARM® Cortex®-M.
 2. Actuator Used in Washing Machines

Whirlpool Washer Shift Actuator. ... The actuator serves several functions. It has a synchronous

motor that shifts the splotch cam ring and monitors the position of the splotch. It also houses a
transmission speed/position optical sensor.

3. SENSOR Used in Washing Machines

 Temperature.
 Rotor position sensor.
 Water level.
 Dirt sensor.
 Photoelectric sensor.
 Pressure sensor.
 Vibration sensor.

4. Human interface Used in Washing Machines

The interface of the washing machine is a touch screen based on icons that represent the various
programs.

5. Software Used in Washing Machines

Researchers at German switch manufacturer Marquardt Gmb used Maple technical-

computing software from Maplesoft, Waterloo, Ont., to design a 3-D Hall sensor application-
specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for washing machines that helps boost their efficiency.

6. Memory Used in Washing Machines

Such kind of systems is housed on a single microprocessor board with programs which are stored
in ROM (Read Only Memory).

7. FPGA/ASIC Used in Washing Machines

 Design an electronic timer to control the washing machine to do the following

operations: timing start→forward rotation 25s→pause 5s→reverse 25s→pause
5s→if the time is not up, it will return to "forward 25s→pause 5s→…… ", stop
when the time is up.

 If the time is up, the machine will stop and send out an acoustic signal

 Use two digital tubes to display the preset washing time (minutes), and display the
washing process in a countdown mode until the time is up; the washing process
starts with the "start" signal.

 Three LED lights indicate three states: "forward rotation", "reverse rotation", and
"pause".

8. AUXILARY SYSTEM Used in Washing Machines

 Water pump
 Power supply

9. A/D and D/A Conversion Used in Washing Machines

Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC), Process by which digital signals (which have a binary state)

are converted to analog signals (which theoretically have an infinite number of states). For
example, a modem converts computer digital data to analog audio-frequency signals that can be
transmitted over telephone lines.
Analog-to-Digital converters (ADC) translate analog signals, real world signals like temperature,
pressure, voltage, current, distance, or light intensity, into a digital representation of that signal.
This digital representation can then be processed, manipulated, computed, transmitted or stored.