Assam Engineering College

Airport obstruction
Lecture-3

Rupjyoti Bordoloi Airport Engineering-Transportation Engineering-

Airport obstruction Assam Engineering College

Imaginary surfaces
These are the established surfaces in relation to the airport and to each runway above
which no obstruction should project
Sze of imaginary surface depends upon the category of each runway and type of
approach planned for that runway
Objects wth actual heights

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Airport obstruction Assam Engineering College

Imaginary surfaces

Approach surface
Conical surface
Horizontal surface
Take-off cimb surface
Transitional surface

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 Assam Engineering College
Airport obstruction
Imaginary surfaces
Approach surfaces
Provided at the landing side
ofrunway
Trapezoidal in shape
Diverging away with upgrade

Longitudinaly centered on the extended centre line of runway

Rupjyoti Bordoloi Airport Engineering-Transportation Engineering-ll

 Inner
approgch
Conica Section A-A
TransitionalN

Inner Takeglf climb

Approachorizortal Section B-B
 Airport obstruction Assam Engineering College

Conical suface

Extendsupwards and outwards from OHS to a point which is at some height above the
horizontal surface
Circular in shape

Rupiyoti Bordoloi Airport Engineering-Transportation Engineering-ll

 Inr
Approach horiz
Inner Conicar o
approgch Section A-A Conical
Transitiona Transitional

Approach, T
Approacb, nner Takeglh clim
Approachorizontal Section B-8 Conca
Inner approach Inn-

(Cou
 Inner Takeoff
Approach horizontal climb
erConican
ogch
Transitiona
Section AA Conical
Transitional
Approach Transitional
nner akegft clim
aclhorizonta Section B-B Coniea
Innerapproach Inner horizontal
Courtesy ICAO)
 ratonals
Conical Surface

APpru

ATL
Slope 20:1
HorntalSartace

Abeve 150f t
Rwnway Elevatiom
so00 ft Radius

Primary Surface
Longitudinally Centervd en Ruwway

Figure 2. Isometric view ofFAA maginary obstruction space standard. FAR Part 77
 n a l
S

TIT
tkon
Conical Surface

PPrUaNch Surface

HorimatalSarface
Slope 20:1-

Above 150 ft
Ruway Flevation
S000 ft Radius

Primary Surfe
IHS
oHS
LongitudiyAly wed en Runway

igure 2. Isometric view of FAA immaginary obstruction space standard FAR Pai7 (3)
TAKE OFF SURFACE
APPROACH SURFACE

RUNWAY STRIP
cONICAL
INNER HORIZONTAL SURFACE
SURFACE

OBSTACLES
TRANSITIONAL-
SURFACE

oUTER HORIZONTAL
SURFACE
 Transition surface
Trapezoidal in shape
Extends along the landing strip
Slope upwards and outwards to the IHS

Runivoti Bordoloi naineering-ll

 5.1 Dimenslon and 155
Slopes of
Take-of Cllmb
Runway|
Classi
Main take-ofT Serie
Serfece
fication Funways Other runways
A BC
ABC D
TIem

Length o f i n n e r
180
ge. m ( ) 180 80
(600) (600)
Distance from (260) (200)
unway end, m 60
(f) (200) (200) 30
(100) I00)
Dvergence on
ch side, percent 12.5 12.5
Final widtb, m 1800 1200 S80 380
(6000) (4000) (1900) (1250)
Length, m 15.000 12,000 2500 1600
(f) (50,000) (40,000) (8300) (s200)
Siope, percent 2.5
 MAM

uo

s000
woo
OTHER1AAT
,,c,0.

Sarface
Climb
Take-Of

Pigure 53
Dnective
View of
 cONTROLLING

sURFACE
0AALsarACI AONS-
SUaA

FACE
47S
$25

PEC: - - 4sEm. 10 &AIO

Figure 5.7 Approach Zone Profle for ILS Runway

 Obntacle
Limltaton
134 es
Slopes
of
Runwa
ble 2
Tble
srlace rfur Approsch
Di v*
Non l o s t r n e n t Appreach
rument

APPT
Lemgh ofi

Disance frem
heehoe,

Srerlen
160 300 00
620) (10.0 o (1000
o. 00, 0
Shepe. Pen
Seeen ectien

Lengh (1200)
23
02.0
se setle
eent

Sectlea
280c0) a8/0009

Tea
ioac (10o00)
25c0
300)
16c0 15.000 0
1500
(200) (30,000) 0

leane Horienetal Sarfece

Heighs, m
150)
4000 40c0
(30)
230
150
2c09
(150
4c00
(15o
4000
Radius, ft
(13,000) (1300) (300) (6300) (13,c0) (13,00
 Airport obstruction Assam Engineering College

Inner Takeo
Approach horizontal climb
Inner Conica
approgch Section A-A n
Transitional Transitional

Takegh climb Approach Transitional

Vnner
Approac honzontar Section B-B
Inner approàch
Inner horizontal
(Courtesy ICAO
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 Airport obstruction Assam Engineering College

Objects with actual height

Any objects which exceeds certain limiting height above the ground is considered to be
an obstruction to the air navigation
Any object within 4.5km distance from the runway end is considered as an obstruction
if its actual height is more than 30m above the ground or above the level of approach

end of runway whichever is higher

Any object which is located beyond a distance of 4.5 km from the runway end is
considered as an obstruction if its height above 30 m increases by more than 7.5m for
each additional 1.5km distance from the runway end or if it exceeds 75m within 15km
distance from the runway end

Any object which projects above the minimum approach flight altitude or whose height
exceeds 150m above the ground is also to be considered as an obstruction.

Rupjyoti Bordoloi Airport Engineering-Transportation Engineering-ll

 oNTTROLLIN
SURFACE

A20AA sarACI MO
oNCAL
SuRFACE AL

JEn.

tiATON

Figure 5.7 Approach Zone Profile for ILS Runway

5.3.1 Clear Zone
zone which is the most
The inner most portion of approach
obstruction view-point
is known as clear
critical portion from
showa in Figure 5.5.
zone. lts coniguration
and dimeasions are

APPROACH AREA-

UNWAY

RUNWAY
IcLEAR 20NE
W W
Iostrument runway 300 m $25 D 750
Non-instrument runway
(o) Large airport 1501m 220 m 600 D
(b) Small aitport 75 135 300
Figure 5.5 Runway Clear Zone

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