Experiment 9: Operational amplifier operation using ORCAD

Objective:
To be able to understand the operational amplifier operation through it’s various application in
ORCAD.
Report:
To apply zero crossing detector circuit using OPAMP to find various parameter effects
Number 1:
Effect of frequency (A1):

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT 3.336V
2 1 1kV+
0V - 4OS1 V-

0 V- 0V
uA741 0

VAMPL = 5 -18.00V
V1 V+
VOFF = 0
FREQ = 158 V5
0
AC = V-
-18Vdc
0

Fig: Effect of frequency (158

Graph:

20V

10V

0V

-10V

-20V
0s 2ms 4ms 6ms 8ms 10ms 12ms 14ms 16ms 18ms 20ms 22ms 24ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time

Fig: Input and Output waveform for frequency 158

Simulation settings:
(A2)
Circuit Diagram:

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT 3.336V
2 1 1kV+
0V - 4OS1 V-

0 V- 0V
uA741 0

VAMPL = 5 -18.00V
V1 V+
VOFF = 0
FREQ = 2.8k V5
0
AC = V-
-18Vdc
0

Fig: Effect of frequency 2.8k

Graph:
20V

10V

0V

-10V

-20V
0s 0.2ms 0.4ms 0.6ms 0.8ms 1.0ms 1.2ms 1.4ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time
Effect of Biasing voltage:
Circuit Diagram:

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT 17.68V
2 1 1kV+
0V - 4OS1 V-

0 V- 0V
uA741 0

VAMPL = 5 -8.000V
V1 V+
VOFF = 0
FREQ = 158 V5
0
AC = V-
-8Vdc
0

Graph:
20V

15V

10V

5V

0V

-5V

-10V
0s 5ms 10ms 15ms 20ms 25ms 30ms 35ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time
Simulation setting:

Effect of input voltage change:

Circuit Diagram:

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT 17.68V
2 1 1kV+
0V - 4OS1 V-

0 V- 0V
uA741 0

VAMPL = 249 -8.000V

V1 V+
VOFF = 0
FREQ = 158 V5
0
AC = V-
-8Vdc
0
Graph:
300V

200V

100V

-0V

-100V

-200V

-300V
0s 5ms 10ms 15ms 20ms 25ms 30ms 35ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time

Simulation Settings:
(d) Changing Input Terminal:
Circuit Diagram:

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT 17.68V
2 1 1kV+
0V - 4OS1 V-

V- 0V
VAMPL = 5 uA741 0
V1 V+
VOFF = 0 -8.000V
0
FREQ = 158
0
AC = V-

V5
-8Vdc
0

Graph:
20V

15V

10V

5V

0V

-5V

-10V
0s 5ms 10ms 15ms 20ms 25ms 30ms 35ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time
Simulation Settings:

(e) Effect of reference voltage:

Circuit Diagram:

V4
18Vdc
0
18.00V

U1
7
3 V+ 5 0V
0V + OS2 R1
6
OUT -7.811V
2 1 1kV+
4
3.000V - OS1
V-

V- 0V
VAMPL = 5 3.000V uA741 0
V1 V+
VOFF = 0 -8.000V
FREQ = 158 V6
0 3Vdc
AC = V-

V5
0V
0 -8Vdc
0
Graph:
20V

15V

10V

5V

0V

-5V

-10V
0s 5ms 10ms 15ms 20ms 25ms 30ms 35ms
V(V1:+,V1:-) V(R1:1,R1:2)
Time

Simulation Settings:
Discussion:
In this experiment we tried to follow up various parameters of OPAMP in different conditions.
We tried to understand the various difference in various parameters by aligning with our theory.
We have also selected different values and simulation settings. We also tried to understand the
difference between inverting and non-inverting amplifier. We have successfully completed the
lab with all conditions.