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SECTION B

Answer ALL questions.

Write your answers in the separate answer booklet provided.

MODULE 1

FUNDAMENTALS IN CHEMISTRY

4. (a) Copy and complete Table 3, which provides information on the properties of the simple
subatomic particles.

TABLE 3: PROPERTIES OF SIMPLE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES

Particle Relative Mass Relative Charge Location

1
Electron –1 (i) _____________
1840

Proton (ii) ____________ +1 Nucleus

(iii) ____________ 1 (iv) ____________ Nucleus

[ 4 marks]

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active particle that behaves in the same way as the electron. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) 216
Po decays by emitting particles. State the product formed from the decay
84

of 216
Po by the emission of three particles and calculate the n/p ratio of BOTH
84

the reactant and product atoms. [ 6 marks]

(iii) Comment on the effect that the decay has on the stability of the nucleus of
216
84
Po. [ 1 mark ]

(c) (i) Draw the structures of the atomic orbitals of principal quantum number 2.
Include x, y and z axes in the drawing. [ 2 marks]

24
Cr.
[ 1 mark ]

Total 15 marks
0211202012
x y z

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SECTION A

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Answer ALL questions.

MODULE 1

FUNDAMENTALS IN CHEMISTRY

1. (a) John Dalton proposed the atomic theory in 1803.

(i) State THREE postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory.

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[2 marks]

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[2 marks]

(b) The dichromate(VI) ion reacts in an acidic medium according to the following half-equation:
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Cr2O7 (aq) + 14 H+ (aq) + 6e 2 Cr3+(aq) + 7 H2O(l)

(i) Identify the ion responsible for the green colour.

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[1 mark]

(ii) Given that the sulfate(IV) ion, SO3 , is converted to the sulfate(VI) ion, SO4 , in
the presence of water, deduce the balanced equation for the redox reaction between
Cr2O7 (aq) and SO3 .
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[4 marks]

(iii) Identify the oxidizing agent in (b) (ii).

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[1 mark]

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(c) The results of two tests are to be recorded in Table 1. Complete the table by inserting the

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missing observations or inferences.

TABLE 1: RESULTS OF TESTS

Test Observation Inference

(i) Chlorine water is added oxidized to Br2

to potassium bromide
solution followed by
aqueous silver nitrate.

(ii) Bromine water is added

to potassium chloride
solution followed by

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aqueous silver nitrate.

on addition of AgNO3(aq)

[5 marks]

Total 15 marks

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SECTION A

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Answer ALL questions.

MODULE 1

FUNDAMENTALS IN CHEMISTRY

1.

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[2 marks]

(b) Dalton’s atomic theory suggests that

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State TWO pieces of evidence that lead to the rejection of these claims.

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[2 marks]

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[2 marks]

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(d) Figure 1 shows the mass spectrum of the metal zirconium, Zr.
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Figure 1. The mass spectrum for zirconium, Zr

Calculate the relative atomic mass of the metal.

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[2 marks]
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Answer ALL questions.

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MODULE 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY

1. Figure 1 shows the wavelengths of the most prominent lines in the visible region of the atomic
hydrogen spectrum.

Figure 1. Wavelengths of the most prominent lines in the visible region of the atomic
hydrogen spectrum

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(a) (i) Explain how the atomic emission spectrum of hydrogen is produced.

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(ii) Identify the series of lines in Figure 1.

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[1 mark]

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(iii) Assess how the series of lines in Figure 1 provides evidence for discrete energy
levels in hydrogen.
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[4 marks]

(iv) In Figure 2, draw the electron transitions occurring between energy levels associated
with the origin of the lines in the visible region of the hydrogen spectrum.
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Figure 2. Electron transitions associated with visible region

in the hydrogen spectrum
[4 marks]

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(b) Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form the compound water, H2O, and is also present

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in the hydronium ion, H3O+.

s, p notation.

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[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the shapes of the s and p orbitals:

• s orbital

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• p orbital

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[2 marks]
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