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Element and Compound

An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom. Elements can be grouped as metals and nonmetals based on their properties. Compounds are pure substances made of two or more elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Compounds have a chemical formula and specific name indicating the elements present. Ionic compounds are formed between metals and nonmetals and use naming conventions like sodium chloride. Covalent compounds are formed between nonmetals using prefixes like mono, di and tri in the name. Chemical formulas use symbols and subscripts to show the elements and number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.

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408 views21 pages

Element and Compound

An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom. Elements can be grouped as metals and nonmetals based on their properties. Compounds are pure substances made of two or more elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Compounds have a chemical formula and specific name indicating the elements present. Ionic compounds are formed between metals and nonmetals and use naming conventions like sodium chloride. Covalent compounds are formed between nonmetals using prefixes like mono, di and tri in the name. Chemical formulas use symbols and subscripts to show the elements and number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.

Uploaded by

Joey Potter
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Elements

Element is a pure substance which consists one


type of atoms.
Element may consist of single atoms or
molecules
Based on the properties, elements can be grouped
into metals and nonmetals.

Elements

Metals Nonmetals
Classifying Elements on the Periodic Table
Metals appear to the left of the dark ziz-zag line on the
periodic table.
Most metals are solid at room temperature.
Compounds
Compounds

Pure substance composed of two or more different


elements joined by chemical bonds.

Made of elements in a specific ratio H 2O


that is always the same
Has a chemical formula
Can only be separated by
NaCl
chemical means, not physically

CO 2
Can you identify the following?
You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo
represents an item composed of an element or
compound.
An element contains just one type of atom.
A compound contains two or more different atoms
combined chemically.
ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS
Element or Compound?
Copper
Cu
Element or Compound?
Diamond
C
Element or Compound?
Aluminum
Al
Naming Compound
There are 2 types of compound

1. Ionic compound
Metal – Non-Metal
2. Covalent compound
Non-metal - Non Metal
Naming Ionic Compounds

Name of Metal + Base Name of Non metal + ide


Example :
NaCl : Sodium chloride
MgF2 : Magnesium fluoride
Non metals-ide
1. Nitrogen nitride
2. Phosphorus phosphide
3. Oxygen oxide
4. Sulfur sulfide
5. Fluorine fluoride
6. Chlorine chloride
Name of Metal + Base Name of Non metal + ide

NaCl : Sodium chlorine x


Sodium chloride √
Write the
1. CaO : compound name of the following:
2. BaF2:
3. Li2S :
4. K3N :
5. Al2S3:
Name of Metal + (Non-metal + oxygen) -ate

Some compounds contain two different elements, plus a third


element - oxygen. These compounds often have names ending with
‘ate’.
1. NaN3 : Sodium nitride
2. NaNO3 : Sodium nitrate
3. BaS : Barium sulfide
4. BaSO4 : Barium sulfate
5. K3P : Potassium phosphide
6. K3PO4 :Potassium phosphate
Naming covalent compound

Non-metal - Non Metal


Use prefix :
1-mono (only be used for the 2nd non-metal element)
Exception: (additional information)
2-di
3-tri H2O : water
CH4 : methane
NH3 : ammonia
Example: carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
Chemical Formulas
Element Symbols

C6 H12O6 Subscripts – Number written


below and to the right of a
chemical symbol.
Subscripts • Shows the number of atoms
Chemical formula - Aofshorthand
each element.
notation for a
compound or diatomic element.
• Shows the elements and how many atoms of
each element are in the compound/molecule.
1 carbon atom
CO
1 oxygen atom

2 hydrogen atoms
H 2O
1 oxygen atom

6 carbon atoms
C6 H12O6 12 hydrogen atoms
6 oxygen atoms
Chemical Name Formula What the compound contains
Water H2O 2 hydrogen atoms
2 oxygen atom

Methane CH4 1 carbon atom


4 hydrogen atoms

Hydrogen chloride HCl 1 hydrogen atom


1 chlorine atom

Aluminium chloride AlCl3 1 aluminium atom


3 chlorine atoms

Lithium hydroxide LiOH 1 lithium atom


1 oxygen atom
1 hydrogen atom
Potassium phosphate K3PO4 3 potassium atoms
1 phosphorus atom
4 oxygen atoms

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