CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

This chapter presents the research methodology on how and what methods are
consumed in the study. The research method are the specific procedures for collecting
and analyzing data. This is the integral part of the research design. The research setting
can be shown as physical or social in which the researchers conducts the study. The
research procedure is the progressive process undertaken by the researchers to hook
up with the best output for this study. Basically, it looks up to answer the objectives of
the study.

 Research Method

The researchers used the descriptive and developmental methods in gathering

data and for conducting this study. Descriptive method is particularly aims to accurately
and systematically describe situation or phenomenon. It only concerns to answer what,
where, when and how questions but rarely answer the why questions. Therefore,
observation and survey tools are often used to gather data (Gall, Gall, & Borg, 2007).
Hence, the researchers use this method to enable to gather data through interview.

 Developmental research, as opposed to simple instructional development, has been

defined as "the systematic study of designing, developing and evaluating instructional
programs, processes, and products that must meet the criteria of internal consistency
and effectiveness" (Seels & Richey, 1994, p. 127). This method is used in developing
the proposed evacuation center. Therefore, the researchers can put forward the
designated designs with their considered standards and specifications that are needed
in designing the multi-purpose evacuation center.

Research Setting
Matacon is a barangay in the municipality of Polangui, in the province of Albay.
Its population as determined by the 2021 Census was 5,022. This represented 4.99% of
the total population of Polangui. Matacon is the second largest barangay in the town of
Polangui. It is bounded on the North East, by Barangay Salvacion, on the South by the
Kinale River, East by Barangay Balangibang, on the North-West by Barangay
Cotnogan. This barangay has a total land area of 317.64 square meters.
Matacon is situated at approximately 13.3288, 123.4245, in the island of Luzon.
Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at 31.6 meters or 103.7 feet above mean
sea level.
According to the 2021 Census, the age group with the highest population in
Matacon is 10 to 14, with 517 individuals. Conversely, the age group with the lowest
population is 75 to 79, with 39 individuals.
The population of Matacon grew from 4,939 in 2020 to 5,022 in 2021, an increase of
83 people.

Figure 3. LOCALITY MAP OF POLANGUI, ALBAY

Figure 3 shows the area covered by Barangay Matacon, Polangui, Albay and
some nearby barangays. It is located at the back of Iglesia ni Cristo beside the Multi-
purpose covered court at Zone 3 Matacon, Polangui, Albay. There are some residential
houses and churches around the site. The green colors are the space that has no
houses and establishments. The small square shapes are the residential buildings and
some establishments while the straight and curve lines are the roads including the
Maharlika Highway.

FIGURE 4.1 LOCATION MAP

Figure 4.2 ROAD MAP

Figure 4.1 and Figure 4.2 shows the site location for the proposed design of two-storey
multi-purpose evacuation center and the road map. It is located at the back of Iglesia Ni
Cristo beside the multi-purpose covered court at Zone 4, Matacon, Polangui, Albay.
There are some residential buildings and churches around the site.

Research Procedure

To enable for the researchers to gather the necessary data and information for
the study, they followed certain procedures. The research presented in this dissertation
has been carried out by the following steps.

1. Data Gathering

This comprise the assembly of information necessary to the study

1.1 Interview
The researchers administer an informal interview that includes the
Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), Municipal
Engineering Office (MEO), National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NDRRMC), and the residence of Polangui to determine
the site location for the proposed evacuation center. To add information about
the site, the researchers consulted the Barangay Council of Matacon; and for
the needs of the said barangay where the site is located when in times of any
natural calamities.
1.2 Site Inspection. The researchers directed a site inspection by
capturing some photographs of the situation and the appearance of the
chosen site. A geotechnical report from Municipal Engineering Office of
Polangui of the site location was obtain to determine the properties of
the soil.
2. Design Progress

The design of this multi-purpose evacuation center is carried out from the
collected data and the designated requirements by the local and national
standards.

2.1.1 Standards of the Design

The researchers gathered the conditions needed in articulating the design,
the location, the number of occupants and needs of a certain evacuation center.

2.1.2 Location
The site or the location was identified thru the help and consulting
the Municipal Engineering Office (MEO), National Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Council (NDRRMC), and the residence of Polangui. The
site should be located in a high-level ground and free from any hazards
like flood, landslide or earthquake. The site should also be accessible for
all the evacuees in times of disasters.

2.1.3
2.1.3 Number of Occupants
The agreed area of the lot is the basis for designing the proposed
multi-purpose evacuation center. In accordance to the design of the
proposed building, the number of occupants will be determined.

2.1.4 Design of Multi- Purpose Evacuation Center

Using the Sphere Standard, National Building Code of the
Philippines, and Structural Code of the Philippines, the researchers
acknowledged the essential design for the evacuation center.
2.1.4.1 Stuctural Plan
According to the National Structural Code of the Philippines
(NSCP 2015) is the basis in the design of the structural members of
the building. The design of all the reinforcing bars including the sizes is
uniquely based in this code.

2.1.4.2 Architectural Plan

The design of the plan was followed according to the given
specification from the Sphere Standard for evacuation center
meeting its minimum requirement. The lot area given to the multi-
purpose evacuation center was maximized to accommodate large
number of occupants or evacuees. The open hall at the second
floor was designed for multi-purpose function when there is no
calamity or evacuees. It is also accessible for persons with
disability especially those who are unable to walk. There is also a
technical learning room or area for children who wants to play and
refresh their minds from the calamity.

2.1.4.3 Plumbing
In accordance to the minimum requirements stated on
the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines, the plumbing
design of the proposed evacuation center in Matacon
Polangui should be designed based on the number of
 fixtures from the number of evacuees to meet the
specification of the code.

From Table 4-1: Minimum Plumbing Facilities

(Fixtures per Person) of National Plumbing Code of the
Philippines, the type of our building is assembly places for
public use which has a ratio of 3:201-400 and 4:51-100 for
Water Closet for male and female respectively, Urinals
4:401-600, Lavatories 3:401-750 and 3:401-750 for male
and female respectively, and 3:401-750 for Drinking
Fountains.

2.1.5 Sphere Standard

The Sphere Minimum Standards endorses the quality that copes
the humanitarian contexts. It comprises the necessity facilities that suites
the needs of the evacuees in the evacuation center.
The facilities or rooms required are Disaster Risk Reduction Management
Desk or Office, Clinic, Isolation Room, Conference Room, function hall,
distinct comfort room for both male and female, bathrooms for male and
female, and at least 1 or 2 toilets for persons with disability and also a
shower room.

Additional essential amenities include the cooking area, laundry

area, Storage Room for relief goods, emergency power room, emergency
exits, adequate ventilation and access ramps for PWDs
The design allocation for living space each person is 3.5 sqm
excluding the cooking area, sanitation facilities and bathing area.
The design of the structure should withstand the wind velocity of
three-hundred kilometers per hour (300kph) and a moderate seismic
activity of 8.0 magnitude if richer scale.
 2.2 Detailed Engineering

Afterwards, in view for the minimum design requirements, the researchers ended
work with the perspective, architectural and the plumbing layout showing off the
different specifications to clearly illustrate the plan for the proposed multi-purposed
evacuation center.

3. Analysis
The researchers had come up a design that includes the computation for the
number of occupants that can housed in the building. Based from the Sphere Standard,
using the area of the building we can completely design and consider the minimum ratio
of covered living space and the lot size. By this, using the total given living space and
the minimum space for each person, the quantity of the occupants determined.

total area of living space inside the building

No. of evacuees =
minimum living space allocation

4. Cost Estimate
The rough estimate for the total cost of the construction shall be given in order to
identify the cost of the project. Materials that are going to consume is listed with the
indicated the unit price, quantity, unit and the total amount of each materials is to be
computed. The direct cost is included. The number of materials that will be use for
concreting and masonry works is to be totaled based from the given specifications in the
projected plan also for the total cost including the doors and windows. These contains
the cost for the construction. Including the labor and the equipment to be use, it is
assumed a percentage from the materials cost. For the indirect cost for the project,
includes the contractors profit with tax by taking in from the direct cost. For the overall
cost of the construction is the summation of the ––direct and indirect cost.