NAFAL HILQIM TAQIYULLAH

191211057
2 MESIN B
TEKNIK PERAWATAN MEKANIK

HALAMAN 1

Bearings are used to as support and movement director and movement shifter.
You difference between:
1. Sliding bearings
2. Rolling bearings

2.1 Sliding bearings

In the case of sliding bearings, the shaft runs in bearing cells or directly in the housing. In order to reduce
the friction between shaft and housing there must always be a greased with lubricant. The materials used
must have a multi faceted material. Materials with this characteristic are unaffected by friction
interruptions of lubricant feeding, as the material soaks up a certain amount of the lubricant. Material of
the lubricant throught friction causes it to escape from the pores, thereby providing the necessary
lubrication.

2.2 Rolling Bearings

In rolling bearings the balls or rolls run on a inner/outer race. Therefore thecage is replaced by the much
lower sliding and roll resistance. A rolling bearing consists of two inner and outer race with rollers or balls
on which the inner and outer are driven by the running roller. (balls or rollers) run. The rolling elements
are normally kept in a cage which separates them equally and allows for easier rotation of separable
bearings. Rolling bearings are which one in order to simplify change of the old bearing.
HALAMAN 2

Sliding Bearings
Advantages :
1. Capable of supporting high rotational shafts with large loads.
2. The construction is simple and can be fabricated and installed easily.
3. Can be considered impact and vibration so that it is almost silent.
4. Does not require high accuracy so the price is cheaper

Disadvantages :
1. Huge friction at the start of the round.
2. Requires a big starting moment.
3. Lubrication is not so simple.
4. heat arising from friction is great so it requires special cooling.

Materials :
Cast iron
Bronze
Brass
Phosphor Bronze
White Metal based on Sn
White Metal based on Pb
Cadmium Alloy
Kelmet
Aluminum Alloy
Lead Bronze
Rolling Bearings :
Advantages :
1. Wear and heat generated is reduced
2. The friction that occurs is relatively constant
3. Minimum use of lubricant
4. The width is small
5. Easy to replace
6. The size has been standardized so it's easy to get anywhere

Disadvantages :
1. For shock loads (vibration due to imbalance of engine components) bearings are damaged more
quickly
2. More sensitive to dust and moisture
3. More expensive

Materials :
Cast iron
Bronze
Brass
Phosphor Bronze
White Metal based on Sn
White Metal based on Pb
Cadmium Alloy
Kelmet
Aluminum Alloy
Lead Bronze
HALAMAN 3

Rolling bearings are classified according to their direction of main load and t h e i r t y p e o f r o l l i n g
elements.

By the direction of load you distinguish:

1. Radial bearings

2. Thrust bearing.

By the basic form of rolling elements you distinguish:

1. Ball bearings
2. Roller bearings

In ball bearings the load is transmitted theoretically in one side ' but, in roller bearings along a round.
The roller bearings can, therefore, support more loads than ball bearings.

The rings guide the rolling elements and transmit the axial loads.

The geometric configuration of the rings corresponds to the rotation around the bearing axis and to the

shape of the rolling elements. Therefore, ball bearing raceways have a --cross

section and roller bearings a _ cross section.

HALAMAN 4

Designation :
Ball
Cylindrical Roller
Needle Roller
Symmetrical Barrel Roller
Tapered Roller
Asymmetrical Barrel Roller

Use :
Ball Bearing
Cylinder Roller Bearing
Needle Roller Bearing
Symmetrical Barrel Roller Bearing
Tapered Roller Bearing
Asymmetrical Barrel Roller

The cage has the following functions :

-To keep the rolling elements apart so that they do not rub against each other
-To keep the rolling elements evenly spaced for uniform load distribution
-To prevent rolling elements from falling out of separable bearings and bearings which are swiveled out
-To guide the rollijg elements in the unloaded zone of the bearing.

There are cages of deep grove ball bearings and spherical roller bearings.
There are two main types of cages : Pressed cages and Machine cages.
HALAMAN 5

Alignment, Alignment, Alignment, Alignment

It is capable of supporting both radial loads and axial loads of approximately 30% the radial load. It
is suitable for very high speeds and not seperable. Series 42 and 43 indicate double row deep-groove
ball bearings.
Application:
Automotive assembly.
HALAMAN 6

It has only one shoulder on the outer ring thus allowing

To remove the outer ring of the bearing. This allows advantageous mounting of inner and outer ring.
Magneto bearings are standardized up to a bore diameter of 4 to 20 mm and are suitable high speeds.
Application:
Industrial machines such as compressor, turbin, pumps, motors generators

Angular contact ball bearings have a contact angle and therefore a high spindle bearings.
Single row angular contact ball bearings can carry thrust loads in one direction only and are non separable
(series 173 excluded).
They must always be adjusted against another bearing which accommodateds the opposed thrust load.
Application :
Wheels for skaterboard

The design of the double row angular contact ball bearings corresponds to the pair of two single row
bearings.
These bearings are provided with filling alots on one side. In case of a one-sided thrust load, the bearings
should be mounted in such a way that the rolling elements are not pushed against the filling slots.
Application :
Conveying equipment, packaging equipment, elevators.
HALAMAN 7

Angular contact ball bearing arrengements (from left to right)

Four point breaking QJ

Four point bearings are angular contact ball bearings with split inner ring and accommodate axial loads
and radial load in both direction. In case of radial loads the balls contact the racyways at singular point,
thus the designation__ . Due to the split inner ring the bearing is allows fill a large complement of balls.
Application :
Agricultural machinery

Self aligning ball bearing

The self-aligning ball bearing is of the double row type with a spherical outer ring raceway. This feature
gives the bearing self aligning properties and make it insensitive to misalignments and shaft deflections.
Application :
Machinery industry
HALAMAN 9

Cylindrical roller bearings have a high radial load carrying capacity. They are separable, this simplifies both
rings can be given a tight fit.
Application :
Oil and gas, gearbox, and wind turbins

The NJ and NUP types can accommodateradial and axial loads.

The NJ type with one lip at the Inner ring can accommodate axial loads in one direction only.
The NUP type with one integral and one Loose lip on the inner ring can accommodate axial loads in
revesing direction.

The needle roller bearing is a variation of the cylindrical roller bearing, it has thin and relative to their
diameter, long cylindrical rollers with __ faces which are called __ Thus the needle roller bearing has a
particularly __ section height. The numerous needle rollers and the line contact mean high __
Application:
Auto mobile components such as rachet and pivots.
HALAMAN 10

Tapered roller bearings accommodate radial and axial loads in one direction. The cones between rollers
and raceways gives the bearing a very high load carrying capacity. Since tapered roller bearings can carry
thrust in one direction only, two such bearings are installed in exact symmetric. Tapered roller bearings
are separable.
Application :
Agriculture, construction and mining equipment, sports robot combat, axle systems, gear box, engine
motors and reducers, propeller shaft, railroad axle-box, differential, wind turbines

Barrel roller bearings are single row, self aligning roller bearings with barrel shaped rollers as rolling
elements. These bearings are not separable.
Application :

The spherical roller bearing contains two rows of symmetric barrel rollers which can align themselves
freely in the spherical outer ring raceway. The rollers are guided between three integral__
Application:
Mining and construction equipment, pulp and paper processing equipment, gearboxes, wind turbines,
pumps.