*X64322*

Reg. No. :

Question Paper Code : X 64322

B.E./B.Tech. Degree Examinations, November/December 2020
Seventh Semester
Electronics and Communication Engineering
ec 431 – antennas and wave propagation
(Regulations 2001)

Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks

Answer all questions

Part – A (10×2=20 Marks)

1. Define radiation intensity.

2. Define directivity.

3. Mention two important advantages of folded dipole antenna.

4. What are the frequency independent antennas ?

5. Derive the value for gain of half wavelength antenna.

6. What is pitch angle in helical antenna and how is it calculated ?

7. Calculate the power gain of an optimum horn antenna approximately with a square
aperture of 10λ on a side.

8. Give each two examples for wide band and narrow band antennas.

9. State : Faraday’s law.

10. What is multihop propagation ?

Part – B (5×16=80 Marks)

11. a) i) Derive the expression for far fields due to a loop antenna. (10)
ii) Write notes on helical antenna. (6)
(OR)
b) i) Explain antenna impedance and polarization. (6)
ii) Sketch the horizontal and vertical plane radiation pattern of centre fed vertical
λ
dipole of dipole and 2λ dipole. (10)
2
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12. a) Design a four element broadside array of λ/2 spacing between elements. The
pattern is to be optimum with a side lobe level 19.1 db down the main lobe
maximum.
(OR)
b) i) Explain pattern multiplication. (6)
ii) Derive the expressions of directions for pattern minima, maxima and also for
beam width between first nulls of end fire array. (10)

13. a) Derive the near field and far field electric and magnetic components of λ 2 dipole
antenna.
(OR)
b) Write notes with neat diagram on :
i) Loop Antenna.
ii) Helical Antenna. (8+8)

14. a) Explain the structure of Rhombic antenna and its radiation pattern. How
Rhombic antenna is designed in alignment design and maximum E-design ? (16)
(OR)
b) Explain the turnstile antenna operation and show that 70 ohms dual co-axial
line will be matched appropriately when connected to terminals of turnstile
antenna. (16)

15. a) i) Explain the limitations of ground wave propagation. (5)

ii) Draw the profile diagram of Ionosphere and explain. (5)
iii) Explain the characteristics of Ionosphere. (6)
(OR)
b) i) Derive an expression for effective permittivity of ionized gas. (8)
ii) Explain the advantages of Tropospheric wave propagation and skywave
propagation. (8)

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