DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROPAR

RUPNAGAR-140001, INDIA
IIT Ropar

DESIGN LABORATORY-I (ME205) REPORT

For

Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

Submitted by

Rohan kumar
(2019MEB1289)

Supervised by
Dr. Satwinder J. Singh/ Dr. Manish Agarwal/ Dr. Dhiraj K. Mahajan

Extended Second Semester, 2020-2021

Video shared on: XX-XX-2021
Report Submitted on: XX-XX-2021
 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

Table of Contents
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
2 Apparatus Details/Equipment specifications .................................................................................................... 3
3 Experiments ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
4 Experiment 1: Analysis of Thin Cylinder under Open End Condition ................................................................ 4
4.1 Aim of the Experiment............................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Theory Related to the Experiment ............................................................................................................ 4
4.3 Experimental Procedure ............................................................................................................................ 4
4.4 Observation Table ..................................................................................................................................... 4
4.5 Calculations ............................................................................................................................................... 5
4.6 Simulation Details ...................................................................................................................................... 5
4.7 Comparison of Experimental Results with Theory/Simulations ................................................................ 5
5 Experiment 2: Analysis of Thin Cylinder under Close End Condition ................................................................ 6
5.1 Aim of the Experiment............................................................................................................................... 6
5.2 Theory Related to the Experiment ............................................................................................................ 6
5.3 Experimental Procedure ............................................................................................................................ 7
5.4 Observation Table ..................................................................................................................................... 7
5.5 Calculations ............................................................................................................................................... 7
5.6 Simulation Details ...................................................................................................................................... 7
5.7 Comparison of Experimental Results with Theory/Simulations ................................................................ 7
6 Conclusions & Discussions ................................................................................................................................. 8
7 Additional Information ...................................................................................................................................... 8
8 References ......................................................................................................................................................... 9

Page 2 of 9
 Experiment 1:Finite Element Analysis

1 Introduction
In this lab session, I have tried to perform finite element analysis(FEA) on simple solid mechanics problems
using Abaqus software for the simulation. Mesh convergence study was also performed.

2 Apparatus Details/Equipment specifications

Abaqus Software and an efficient laptop

3 Experiments

• Experiment 1: FEM of Cantilever Beam

• Experiment 2: FEM of a rectangular plate with hole

Page 3 of 9
 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

4 Experiment 1: FEM of Cantilever Beam

4.1 Aim of the Experiment

• Analysis of deflection in the cantilever beam when we apply a concentrated force

• Conducting mesh convergence study for linear triangular, linear quadrilateral,qudratic
triangular and quadratic quadrilateral meshes

4.2 Theory Related to the Experiment

Finite element analysis is a process to simulate an asembly or a part's behaviour. Engineers use FEA to
help simulate physical phenomena and reduce the need of physical prototype when allowing for the
components's optimisation as a part of design process of a project.

The simulations utilized in FEA are created the usage of a mesh of hundreds of thousands of
smaller factors that integrate to create the form of the shape this is being assessed. Each of those
small factors is subjected to calculations, with those mesh refinements combining to provide the very
last end result of the complete shape.

These approximate calculations are commonly polynomial, with interpolations taking place
throughout the small factors, that means that values may be decided at a few however now no
longer all factors. The factors wherein the values may be decided are known as nodal factors and may
commonly be observed on the boundary of the element.

4.3 Experimental/Simulation Procedure

• First we select parts, 2d deformable. Then we draw the geometrical shape of the beam.

• Then we input material property i.e. Young modulus and poisson,s ratio.

• then after creating independent instance of the part we have to define load and boundaru
conditions

• then we create a mesh as per need.

• Then we have to create job followed by submitting and checking results

• Finally we analyse the result and obtain the stress .

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 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

4.5 Calculations

4.6 Simulation Details

(Must show pictures of Finite Element Model mesh with BCs)

4.7 Comparison of Experimental Results with Theory/Simulations

(Must show contour plot of various stresses/strain obtained in after FE simulation and discuss the
comparison with experimental results)

Page 5 of 9
 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

5 Experiment 2: Finite element analysis of rectangular plate with a hole.

5.1 Aim of the Experiment

To see the state of strain and stress at the edges where hole is created
inside the solid rectangular sheet

5.2 Theory Related to the Experiment

Figure 1: This is how a picture picked from any website need to be referred
using Insert Citation button in References in Microsoft word [1].

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 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

5.3 Experimental Procedure

• First we select part, 2d deformable.

• We draw the required geometrical shape i.e. 200*100 rectangle with acircle in middle
radius = 20 mm
• now we enter the material property i.i young modulus and poissions ratio
• now creating an independent instance part followed by defining loads and boundary
conditions
• Then we create mesh followed by creating job
• then we submit the job and check the results to find the final value.

5.4 Observation Table

Error! Reference source not found. shows the observations made while performing experiment in
closed ends configuration of thin cylinder apparatus. Students should make an exact table as given
in the manual for presenting the experimental readings.
5.5 Calculations
The atomic hydrogen diffuses into the metal due to concentration gradient as inside metal has low
hydrogen concentration. This can be explained by two Fick’s laws [1] which states
𝐽 = −𝐷∇𝐶 →(3)
𝜕𝐶
= 𝐷∇2 𝐶 →(4)
𝜕𝑡

where, 𝐽 [mol·cm-1·s-1] is hydrogen flux; 𝐷 [cm2·s-1] is diffusivity; 𝐶 [mol·cm-3] is hydrogen

concentration and 𝑡 [s] is time.

5.6 Simulation Details

(Must show picture of Finite Element Model mesh with BCs) 5.7 Comparison of
Experimental Results with Theory/Simulations
(Must show contour plot of various stresses/strain obtained in after FE simulation and discuss
the comparison with experimental results)

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6 Conclusions & Discussions

The final conclusion is that we are getting approximately the same results as in
theoretical calculations for the stress values. The result vary a depending upon
the size of mesh. Finer the meshing,more accurate the result will be seen.

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 Experiment 1: Finite Element Analysis

8 References

[1] C. . Ross and J. . Kimber, “Plastic axisymmetric buckling of thin-walled circular cylinders under uniform
external pressure,” , 1996. [Online]. Available: http://osti.gov/scitech/biblio/382803-plastic-axisymmetric-
buckling-thin-walled-circular-cylinders-under-uniform-external-pressure. [Accessed 26 1 2019].

[2] S. C. Schreppler and J. W. Maxwell, “Scattering by a finite baffled thin elastic cylindrical shell: Theory and
experiment.,” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 2341-2341, 1991.

[3] J. . Radcliffe, S. W. Schneider, L. C. Kempel and R. P. Penno, “Finite element-boundary integral simulation of a
conformal microstrip leaky-wave antenna,” , 2007. [Online]. Available:
https://scholars.opb.msu.edu/en/publications/finite-element-boundary-integral-simulation-of-a-conformal-
micros-3. [Accessed 26 1 2019].

[4] S. . Kim, O. . Scholz, K. . Zoschke, R. R. Harrison, F. . Solzbacher, M. . Klein and M. . Toepper, “FEA Simulation
of Thin Film Coils to Power Wireless Neural Interfaces,” , 2006. [Online]. Available:
http://nsti.org/publications/nanotech/2006/pdf/723.pdf. [Accessed 26 1 2019].

Page 9 of 9
Linear Tringular
Deflection No of nodes
355.1 156
406.9 275
448.3 539
465.1 864

Linear Quad
Deflection No of nodes
553.3 156
524.6 260
506 539
499.9 864

Quad quad
Deflection No of Nodes
491 157
491.2 205
491.5 392
491.5 425
 quad tri
Deflection No of Nodes
443.9 93
475.1 195
477 255
485 539