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GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN
Ministry of Energy (Petroleum Division)
LPG Policy, 2021
1. Introduction
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LPG Policy, 2021
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a colorless and odorless mixture of hydrocarbons (mainly
propane and butane) which is gaseous at normal temperature and pressure, and liquid under
reduced temperature or moderate pressure. A chemical ethyl mercaptan is added to impart a
pungent odor for leak detection. In fiscal year 2019-20, an average of about 2,070 tons/day
LPG was produced domestically contributing less than 1% to the total primary energy supply
mix of Pakistan. LPG is mostly used by the people living in far-flung areas or the localities
deprived of piped natural gas. Currently out of around 33 million households in Pakistan,
only nearly 10 million households are connected to Piped Natural Gas (PNG) network and
the rest are relying on LPG and other commercial and non-commercial fuels like kerosene,
coal, firewood, dung cake, and solar etc. On the other hand, substantial price disparity exists
between LPG and natural gas supplied to the domestic consumers. As per the natural gas
pricing slabs, consumption of 1.77 MMBtu (equivalent to nearly 3.3 LPG cylinders), cost
only Rs. 297 to the domestic consumers whereas equivalent consumption of LPG costs
around Rs. 5,505 as per the LPG price notified by Oil & Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA)
for June, 2021. This reflects that the people living in remote areas are not only deprived of
cheaper natural gas but to rely on the costlier LPG, which are mainly driven by international
prices.
In June 2000, the Federal Government decided to deregulate the LPG industry with a view to
making it investor friendly, foster healthy competition, improve safety standards, and ensure
better consumer services. Accordingly, in supersession of LPG (Production & Distribution)
Rules 1971, the LPG (Production & Distribution) Rules, 2001, were formulated under which
LPG allocations made by the then Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Resources (MPNR) prior
to deregulation were given protection to the extent of terms of existing agreements between
the marketing companies and producers. These Rules also empower the producers and
marketing companies to fix a reasonable producer price for their product and a retail price,
respectively. After promulgation of OGRA Ordinance, 2002 all LPG regulatory functions as
envisaged in the LPG (P&D) Rules, 2001, were transferred to OGRA in March 2003. The
Government introduced LPG (Production & Distribution) Policy, 2006, with the objective to
streamline its distribution at affordable prices and promoting competition etc. The policy
covered the issues of licensing, safety standards, pricing, import and automobile sector.
Subsequently, the Government introduced LPG (Production & Distribution Policy), 2011,
and 2013, with the objective to increase LPG supplies through indigenously produced and
imported product. However, the LPG prices for domestic consumers remained considerably
high due to deregulated consumer prices, imports not compatible with local LPG, and
overcharging by the marketing companies.
In 2016, MPNR reviewed the issue and concluded that the price deregulation policy has
failed to achieve its intended objective of enhancing availability of LPG at affordable prices.
Accordingly, MPNR formulated LPG (P&D) Policy, 2016 to regulate LPG prices at producer
and consumer levels with the objective of LPG supplies to the consumers at affordable prices.
In accordance with the Policy 2016, upper limit of LPG producer price was fixed by OGRA
based on international prices (Saudi Contract Price).
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LPG Policy, 2021
Despite regulation of LPG prices at producer and consumer levels, real LPG prices in the
country were driven by international prices and the consumers remained suffering from
frequent price hikes and shortage of supplies besides exploitation by market players.
However, provision of level playing field through fiscal incentives on imported LPG
(removal of regulatory duty, reduction of GST from 17% to 10%) in 2018 resulted in
increased imports, enhanced competition, and expansion in LPG market with increased
supplies across the country at reduced prices.
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LPG Policy, 2021
The role of state-owned entities (SSGC-LPG, PSO, and PARCO) involved in LPG marketing
remained dormant due to various factors including but not limited to thin profit margins
compared to private counterparts, PPRA compliant procurements, frequent and discouraging
interferences of Audit and other investigating authorities, etc. International
suppliers/refineries are always reluctant in locking price (bid validity) for longer period due
to daily price fluctuations in the international market. Existing PPRA Rules 2004 (rule 13 and
35) do not only cause unnecessary delay in the procurement process but also result in higher
price quotations by the suppliers. Compliance to these PPRA Rules makes SOEs
uncompetitive as compared to spot buying by the private importers in the highly volatile LPG
market.
2.5. Ineffective Regulatory Enforcement
OGRA serves as a regulator for the mid- to downstream oil and gas sector including LPG.
However, based on the experience in the LPG market, it remains difficult for OGRA to claim
achieving its intended objectives as per its Ordinance for ensuring competition between the
market players for ultimate benefitting the consumers. Absence of LPG market
intelligence/database, inadequate LPG storage facilities/stocks, frequent demand-supply
imbalances resulting in shortage of supplies particularly in the far-flung areas and price
distortions with substantial room of manipulation by market players to maximize their
windfall profits/ gains are few of the examples of ineffective regulation of OGRA.
2.6. Overlapping Functions between Policy Maker and Regulator
Persistent ineffective regulation of LPG sector by the regulator has had provided room for the
policy maker to involve in the regulatory affairs. Petroleum Division, through a policy maker
with limited workforce and resources, keep trying for smooth functioning of LPG supply
chain for adequate LPG supplies to the consumers with least price distortions: the functions
which were/are otherwise supposed to be performed by the regulator. Functioning of LPG
market requires improved functions and effective performance of policy maker and regulator
simultaneously but with clear demarcation between their roles, functions, and responsibilities.
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LPG Policy, 2021
The goal of this policy includes making LPG fuel as an easily accessible, affordable, and
acceptable for domestic and commercial consumers across the country, especially in the rural,
hilly, and remote localities deprived of piped natural gas through enhanced/reliable supplies
without unjustified price hikes and exploitation by the market players. Achieving these
objectives requires removing the bottlenecks in the LPG sector for promoting healthy
competition in the LPG market and offer necessary fiscal incentives in the LPG supply chain.
Towards market liberalization, Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) decided (case
No.ECC-87/17/2018 dated 17th September 2018) to deregulate prices of LPG. Subsequently,
a committee constituted by Cabinet Committee on Energy (CCOE) (case No. CCE-
39/10/2020 dated 20th June 2020) also recommended for deregulation of LPG prices.
However, upon complete de-regulation of LPG prices, it is perceived that it will be
challenging to keep LPG prices stable unless bottlenecks prevailing in the LPG market are
addressed effectively. Therefore, in order to ensure fair competition in the LPG supply chain
while safeguarding the consumers under de-regulated pricing regime, it will be vital to
enhance supplies (enhancing indigenous LPG production and making LPG imports
competitive/feasible through fiscal incentives), increase storage capacity in the country, and
ensure effective and improved regulatory role of OGRA to minimize/eliminate the
cartelization and exploitation power of market players. Under the prevailing market
conditions, a reasonable price ceiling at producer level will be essential to ensure a fair price
and competition between importers and local producers. Accordingly, in this policy, a
reasonable ceiling price will be set at producer level, to reflect the Import Parity Price (IPP),
whereas consumer price will be de-regulated.
Ever changing market conditions and prices in the international market require special
exemption/relaxation from PPRA requirements (rules 13 and 35) for State-Owned-Entities
(SOEs) to provide them level playing field and enabling their procurement of LPG at
competitive prices within least possible time to meet urgent country’s requirement.
It was also found vital that OGRA plays its enhanced and effective regulatory role to make
LPG supply chain efficient and competitive in line with the objectives stated in its Ordinance
and/or in this policy. For the purpose, OGRA may revise/amend its Ordinance or Rules
wherever required. Coherent efforts of Petroleum Division and OGRA will also be essential
for removal of difficulties/bottlenecks in the LPG sector through effective policy measures
and regulatory enforcements. It will also be vital to clearly delineate the roles, functions, and
responsibilities between policy maker and the regulator to avoid overlapping of functions and
improve overall institutional performance.
4. Production of LPG
4.1. E&P Companies and Refineries
4.1.1. E&P Companies
shall directly or through other companies exercise their rights to set up
LPG extraction facilities at producing fields where LPG can be
commercially extracted as per the development plan approved by the
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the producers for sale of their LPG to MC(s). All producers shall perform such pre-
qualification once a year.
5.4. Invitation to bids will be published in at least one of the top-ranked daily newspapers
(Dawn, The News, Daily Jang) besides sending bid information through emails to all
pre-qualified LPG marketing companies.
5.5. Signature Bonus or similar Premiums shall be discontinued and all producers shall
settle such contracts within six (6) months to move to competitive auction/bidding
process.
5.6. Producer(s) can sell their LPG based on the principle of IPP below a ceiling price.
The ceiling price shall be equal to landed cost (C&F) for imports through sea with
Saudi CP taken as a benchmark. OGRA shall assess and publish C&F price every
month. Custom Authorities shall provide all such information to OGRA every month
as deemed necessary to assess and publish landed cost every month by the later.
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7.1. Any company having valid OGRA license can import LPG meeting terms of such
license and all other import related requirements and payment of applicable
taxes/duties.
7.2. OGRA shall review its existing licensing regime/terms within three (3) months to
include clear investment requirement and other necessary conditions for LPG
importers for consolidation of the market.
7.3. OGRA shall ensure quality of imported LPG for fair price competition between the
importers and local producers besides avoiding severe health impacts on consumers.
For the purpose, within three months, OGRA shall review to set the benchmark
specification of LPG, develop effective enforcement mechanism, and impose
adequate penalties pro-rate of poor quality below the benchmark specification leading
to cancellation of license for strict compliance and discourage inferior quality imports.
OGRA shall communicate the information, to all their licensees, related to benchmark
specification and related penalties including cancellation of license for engaging in
inferior quality imports.
7.4. OGRA shall assess the demand-supply situation to determine indicative import
requirements and publish monthly market situation. OGRA will allow only pre-
qualified companies to import needed quantities of LPG to meet demand in the
country.
7.5. Export of surplus quantities of locally produced LPG after meeting local demand, if
any, may be allowed by the Federal Government based on the recommendations of
OGRA.
7.6. Re-export of imported LPG through sea will be possible to the extent which is not yet
discharged into the terminal(s) from the sea vessel by fulfilling all related rules &
regulations.
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10.3. Reasonable Petroleum Levey (PL) shall be applicable on local LPG to be paid by the
producer(s). The value of such PL shall serve as a balancing number between the cost
of local LPG production and landed costs of imports through sea and land routes.
OGRA shall determine and notify the amount of PL per metric ton every month,
which cannot be less than zero in any event, under Section 3 of “The Petroleum
Products (Petroleum Levy) Ordinance, 1961”. For Delegation of Powers to OGRA
under Section 8 of the said Ordinance, Petroleum Division will notify in the official
Gazette with the approval of Federal Government.
10.4. Custom Authorities shall provide all such information to OGRA as deemed necessary
to assess and notify the amount of RD and PL every month by the latter.
10.5. Producer(s) shall be obligated to deposit the applicable PL notified by OGRA, for any
month, in the account nominated by the Finance Division latest by 7 th day of next
month.
10.6. Non-payment of PL shall attract an interest rate given in Rule 9(3) of Petroleum
Product (Development Surcharge) Rules, 1967. OGRA shall monitor the PL payments
by the producers in accordance with Petroleum Product (Development Surcharge)
Rules, 1967. OGRA shall take punitive action against the defaulter(s) including heavy
penalties or cancellation of license(s).
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LPG Policy, 2021
12.3. The private sector will be free to set up LPG AMP on commercial considerations at
their own costs, and liabilities subject to meeting all necessary OGRA’s licensing and
operational requirements.
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15.4. The stakeholder(s)/market players shall approach to OGRA for seeking its
intervention, in case of difficulty(ies)/disputes that impede their lawful interest.
15.5. OGRA’s decisions shall be subject to appellate review for its effective performance
ensure that it:
15.5.1. neither exceeds its
legal authority nor violates policies that it is obliged to follow;
15.5.2. acts reasonably
and follow fair and correct procedures.
15.6. An appropriate “Appellate Tribunal” shall be established to enable the aggrieved
party(ies) to challenge the actions and decisions of the regulator.
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