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University VOC College of Engineering Tuticorin Campus
University VOC College of Engineering Tuticorin Campus
Engineering
Tuticorin Campus
A Project Work on
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF Al ALLOY
REINFORCED WITH Al2O3/RICE HUSK ASH PARTICLES
SYNTHESIZED BY STIR CASTIING
PROJECT MEMBERS
In the past few years the global need for low cost, high
performance and good quality materials has caused a shift in
research from monolithic to composite materials.
In India, we are mostly using coal based fuel cars which is non-
conventional source of energy.
MATERIALS
FABRICATION
(Stir Casting)
TESTING
(Density Measurement,
Tensile Test, Hardness Test,
Flexural Test)
ALUMINIUM ALLOY
The aluminum alloy used in our project work is AA 6061, which has
major composition of magnesium and silica.
Element Mg Fe Si Cu Mn V Ti Al
Weight % 1.08 0.17 0.63 0.32 0.52 0.01 0.02 Remainder
Alumina Powder
poor wettability
porosity
heterogeneous distribution
Improve Wettability
• Molten matrix cannot wet the surface of reinforcement material
The insoluble gases can be remove with the help of degassing tablet.
Al alloy melted in
furnace at 800˚C
Addition of degassing
tablet
Addition of 1 wt% Mg
powder
Final casting poured to
preheated mould
Addition of preheated
Alumina to crucible
Reinforcements
Matrix [ A6061
Sample Alumina Rice Husk
Alloy ]
Ash
1. 100 0 0
2. 96 2 2
3. 92 4 4
AA 6061 pieces in Graphite Crucible of furnace Weighing of Alumina
Weighing of
RHA
Hand Stirring
Mechanical Stirring
Tensile Test
Hardness Test (Brinell’s Hardness)
Flexural Test
Density Measurement
Micro-structural Behaviour using SEM
Tensile Test
The specimen for tensile test were prepared according to ASTM E8
standard
100 96
84
UTS MPa
80
80
60
Pure 2% 4%
Wt% of RHA and Al2O3
10 6.84 4.8
0
Pure 2% 4%
Wt% of RHA and Al2O3
Hardness Test
Hardness BHN
100 61
57
50 33
0
Pure 2% 4%
500 407
Strength MPa
281
Flexural
164
0
Pure 2% 4%
where
m is the mass of the composite sample in air
m1 is the mass of the same composite sample in distilled water
ρw is the density of the distilled water.
The density of distilled water at 20 ◦C is 998 kg/m3.
Density of Fabricated
Samples
Density (Kg/m3)
2800
2750 2755
2700 2710
2690
2650
Pure 2% 4%
% Flexura
S. Hardness UTS Density
Sample elongatio l Test
no. BHN MPa Kg/m3
n MPa
1. AA 6061 33 80 14 164 2755
AA 6061 with
2. 2wt% of RHA and 57 84 6.84 281 2710
Al2O3
AA 6061 with
3. 2wt% of RHA and 61 96 4.8 407 2690
Al2O3
Discussions
The results confirmed that stir formed AA 6061 with RHA / Al2O3
reinforced composites is clearly superior to base AA 6061 in the comparison of
tensile strength, Flexural strength as well as Hardness.
It appears from this study that UTS starts increases with increase in weight
percentage of RHA and Al2O3 in the matrix.
Stir casting process, stirrer design and position, stirring speed and time,
particle- preheating temperature, particle incorporation rate etc. are the
important process parameters.
Conclusions