Ch-8 Peace Settlements after WWI & League of Nations

(Refer to these notes and instructions given here.)

Scope of Syllabus:
1. Changes in Map of Germany after the Treaty of Versailles.
2. Changes in Map of Turkey and Austria-Hungary (Treaty of St. Germain, Trianon,
Sevres & Lausanne)
3. Critical evaluation of Treaty of Versailles

Link to PPT:
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1vv1Tg9so79ncyNMLakN2RzT-4S5dYmtkXRJ
CNxFgV8A/edit?usp=sharing

Changes in the Map of Germany: ​(refer to maps on PPT and textbook section: 8.3)
Important areas to remember:
● Western Front: Alsace & Lorraine; Rhineland demilitarized; Saar Valley; Eupen
● Northern Front: North Schleswig to Denmark; in South Schleswig - province of
Holsbik with Germany.
● Eastern Front: creation of Poland; Danzig port; Silesia - plebiscite done,
Sudetenland with Czechoslovakia, some part with Poland; rest with Germany.

Changes in Map of Austria-Hungary: ​(refer to maps in PPT & textbook section

8.4)
● Monarchy dissolved in Austria & Hungary, minority nations got independence.
● St. Germain Treaty reduced Austrain population by 1/3rd of Pre-war level,
Galicia given to Poland.
● Serbia is now called Yuogslavia.
● Czechoslovakia created with Czech and Slovak population.
● Treaty of Trianon: Hungary separated from Czechoslovakia; Croats joined
Romania. Population & territory reduced significantly as compared to pre-war
times.

Changes in Map of Turkey: ​(refer to ppt & maps)

● After the fall of Ottoman Empire, it lost most of its territories. Turkey was the
only major territory remaining of Ottoman Empire.
● After Mustafa Kemal Pasha came to power, Turkey was now an independent
sovereign state. He refused to accept the terms under the Treaty of Sevres.

11th ISC History Notes (Isha Kakkad)

 ● Therefore, a new treaty of Lausanne was signed according to which:
○ Turkey abandoned claims on Armenia
○ Kars and Batum given to Soviet Union
○ Arab countries of Syria, Palestine, Iraq and Arabia were under League of
Nations as “Mandates”

Critical Evaluation of Treaty of Versailles: ​refer textbook page no: 145

Objectives:
1. “The Big Three” Leaders of Treaty of Versailles: David Llyod George (Britain’s
PM); Georges Clemenceau (French PM); Woodrow Wilson (USA’s President)
2. Treaty of Versailles (Versailles is a palace near Paris, France) signed in June 1919
3. 14 points were given by Woodrow Wilson before the American Congress
4. Which country refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles? USA
5. Treaties signed between:
● Treaty of St Germain: Austria and Allied Powers
● Treaty of Trianon: Hungary and Allied Powers
● Treaty of sevres and Lausanne: Turkey and Allied Powers

11th ISC History Notes (Isha Kakkad)