POINT & STRAIGHT LINE

SOLUTIONS : POINT & STRAIGHT LINE

EXERCISE # 1
A(12, 8)
1.

B ( 2, 6) C(6,0)
2 2
AB 14 2
196 4 200 10 2
2 2
AC 12 6 8 0 = 36 64 = 10
2 2
BC 6 2 6 = 64 36 = 10
2 2 2
(AB) = AC + BC
right angle isosceles triangle.
12 2 6 8 6 0 16 14
Centroid = , = ,
3 3 3 3
Circumcentre = (5, 7) A(12, 8)
2 1
O centroid circumcentre D(5, 7)
16 14
(h, k) , (5, 7)
3 3
10 h 16 14 k 14 C(6, 0) B( 2, 6)
&
3 3 3 3
h=6 , k=0
16
Product of abscissa = 5 6 = 16×5×2 = 160
3

2. A(x , 2) B(3 , 4)
2
AB = (x1 3) 2 2 4 8
(x1 3)2 4 64
x12 6x1 9 60 0
x12 6x1 51 0
6 36 4 51
, =
2
=3 9 51
, = 3 2 15

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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
P(1 , 2) Q(4 , 6)

3. O

S(a , b) R(5 , 7)

Mid point of PR
1 5 2 7 9
O= , = 3,
2 2 2
O is mid point of SQ also
a 4 b 6 9
3 ,
2 2 2
a=2 & b=3

B (4, 5)
4.
A (1, 4)
D (5, 2)

C (2, 1)
(0, 0)
m 5 4 1
AB 4 1 3
m 4 1
3
AC 1 2
AB AC
AB = 1 9 10 , AC = 9 1 10 ABCD is a square.

5. (10 2)2 + (k + 3)2 = 100

64 + k2 + 6k + 9 = 100 (10, k)
k2 + 6k 27 = 0 10
(k 3) (k + 9) = 0
k=3 & k= 9
sum = 3 9 = 6 (2, 3)

6. 1
B(2, 1) AC = 2BC

2
C(h, k)
A( 3 , 4)
4 3 2 4 1
Internal division (h, k) = , = ,2 (not in option)
3 3 3
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
4 3 2 4
External division (h, k) = , = 7, 2 (accepted)
2 1 2 1

7. A (0, 0)

S (a, b)

B C(2a, 2b)

1 1
8. x co ordinate 1 .........
4 16
1 1 1 y
y co ordinate ......... 1
2 8 32
4
1
[ sum of G.P. r ,a=1] 1
4
1 4 8
x= 1
1 3 1
1 2
4 1 16 x
1 (0,0)
1 1
4 2 a r
y= 2 = = 2 4
1 2 5 5
1
4
4 2
Then terminating point is ,
3 5

C (h, k)
9.

2
O (0, 3)
1
A ( 1, 4) B (5, 2)
P(2, 3)
h 4 k 6
0 , 3
3 3
h= 4 , k = 15
Required point is ( 4, 15)

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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
10. P (7, 2)

C
(4, 6)
Q (1, 6) R (a, b)
a 7 1 2 6 b
4 , 6
3 3
a = 12 8 = 4 b = 18 8 = 10
a + b = 14

11. A (1, 10)

(1, 10)

2
8 c centroid 2 1
1,
9 orthocentre centroid circumcentre
1 11 4 (h, k) 1 2
, ,
3 3 3 3
(a, b) (h,
k)
2 11 4 4 9 8
3 3 ,3 3 3,3 9 8 8
(h, k) = (h, k) = = , = 1,
3 3 3 3 9 9 9

2a 1
1 a=1
3
2b 10 8
3 9
8 22 11
2b 10 b
3 3 2 3
11
Required point is 1, .
3

12. A + B > 90 A
B > 90 A
cosB < cos (90 A) decreasing function
cosB < sinA c b
cosB sinA < 0
x coordinate (negative) .....(1)
sinB > sin(90 A) increasing function B a C
sinB > cosB
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
sinB cosB > 0
y coordinate positive
( , +) 2nd quadrant

13. P(2, 4) , Q(4, 2) , R(7, 1)

2 2
PQ = 4 2 2 4 4 4 2 2
QR = 32 32 3 2
PR = 42 52 16 25 41
condition of co linearity.
2 4 1
4 2 1
7 1 1
2 1 4 1 4 2
=2 + 4 +1 = 0 collinear
1 1 7 1 7 1

0 1 1
1
14. Ar 2 2 1 2 3 vertex at x axis (h, 0)
2
h 0 1
2 1 2 1 2 2
0 1 +1 = 4
0 1 h 1 h 0
h 2=4 h= 6
(2 h) + ( 2h) = 4 h 2= 4
h 2= 4 h=2
sum = 6 + 2 = 4

15.
P (h, k)
2 2
h 1 k 1
Distance from (1,1) =

(0,0)
sum of the distance from the coordinate axis = (h + k)
2 2
(h + k) = h 1 k 1
h2 + k2 + 2hk = (h 1)2 + (k 1)2
h2 + k2 + 2hk = h2 2h + 1 + k2 2k + 1
2h + 2k + 2hk = 2 h + k + hk = 1 h + k + hk +1 = 2
(h + 1) (k + 1) = 2 (x + 1) (y + 1) = 2

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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
16. Let C (a, b) and centroid (h, k) A(2, 3) B( 2, 1)
2 2 a 3 1 b
(h, k) = ,
3 3
a b 2 a b 2
(h, k) = , h , k
3 3 3 3
(h, k) satisfying on
2x + 3y = 1
2h + 3k = 1
a b 2
2 3 1
3 3
2a + 3b 6 = 3
2a + 3b = 9
2x + 3y = 9

y
17.
(0,b)

(h, k)

x
(0,0) (a,0)

a b
h , k
2 2
a=2 .(1) b=2 .(2)
a2 + b2 = 100
4h2 + 4k2 = 100
h2 + k2 = 25 x2 + y2 = 25

18. A(0, 4) , B(0, 4) , P(h, k)

|AP BP| = 6
AP BP = 6
AP = 6 + BP
AP = 6 + BP
AP2 = 36 + BP2 + 12BP
2
h2 + (k 4)2 = 36 + h2 + (k + 4)2 + 12 h2 k 4
2
k2 8k + 16 = 36 + k2 + 16 + 8k + 12 h2 k 4
2
2 2 2
12 h k 4 36 16k
12×12 (h2 + (k+4)2 ) = 36 × 36 + 16 × 16k2 + 2 × 36 × 16k
9h2 + 9 (k + 4)2 = 81 + 16k2 + 2 × 9 × 4k
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 116
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
2 2 2
9h + 9 (k + 16 + 8k) = 81 + 16k + 72k
9h2 7k2 + 9 × 16 + 9 × 8k 72k 81 = 0
9h2 7k2 + 63 = 0
Required locus 9x2 7y2 + 63 = 0
(0,b) m
19.

(2, 2)

(0,0) 2m 2
(a,0) ,0
m

(y 2) = m (x 2)
mx y 2m + 2 = 0
1 2m 2
2 2m 9
2 m
2 m 1 1 m
9
m
2(m2 + 1 2m) = 9m
2m2 2 + 4m = 9m
2m2 + 5m + 2 = 0
(m + 2) (2m + 1) = 0
1
m1 = 2 , m2 =
2
1 5
m1 + m2 = 2 = = 2.5
2 2
20. x + 3y = 4 , 6x 2y = 7
1
m1 = , m2 = 3
3
m1 m2 = 1 must be a rhombus

21.
B(0, b) P(h, k)
or
a b
P ,
2 2

0 A(a, 0)

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 117
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
a = 2h & b = 2k
2(OA) + 3(OB) = 10
2a + 3b = 10 .(1)
2(2h) + 3(2k) = 10
4h + 6k = 10 2h + 3k = 5 2x + 3y = 5

4
22. L1: 4x 7y + 10 = 0 m1 = , L2 : x + y = 5 m2 = 1
7
7
L3 : 7x + 4y = 15 m3 =
4
m1m3 = 1 L1 L3
so orthocenter is intersecting point of L1 & L3
4x 7y + 10 = 0 ....(1) 7x + 4y 15 = 0 ..(2)

L2 : x + y = 5
L1 : 4x 7x + 10 = 0

O(1,2) L3 : 7x +4y 15 = 0
from equation (1) & (2)
x = 1, y = 2
Hence (1, 2) is orthocentre

2
23. y = mx + 2 for x intercept y=0 x
m
2 1
m 2
2 1
0
m 2
4 m
= 0
2m
m 4
= 0
2m
+ +
4 0
m ( 4, 0)

24. 4x2 y2 + 2y 1 = 0 Equation represent pair of straight line.

(2x)2 (y 1)2 = 0
(2x + y 1) (2x y +1) = 0

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 118
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
2x + y 1 = 0 2x y + 1 = 0
m1 = 2 , m2 = 2
so greatest slope along the graph = 2

2 1 1
25. D , = 1,
2 2 2
1
m k
2 2k 1
CD
x=2
2 1 2
C(2, k)
in case of isosceles
m m B(0, 1)
AB CD 1
D
1 2k 1
1 A (2, 0)
2 2
2k 1 = 4
5 5
k= c 2,
2 2
5 3
m 1
2 2 3
Hence BC
2 0 2 4

26. line through (4, 5) distance from ( 2, 3)

2m 3 4m 5
(y +5) = m(x 4) 12
m2 1
6m 8
mx y 4m 5=0 12
m2 1
2 3m 4
12
m2 1
3m 4
6
m2 1
2 2
3m 4 9m2 16 24m
m2 1 m2 1
6 36
9m2 + 24m +16 = 36m2 + 36 25m2 24m + 20 = 0
2
D = (24) 4 × 25× 20 < 0, No real solution.
so m
No line is possible.

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 119
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
O (0,0)
27. o
90

o o
A 45 45 B L1

L3 L2 2x + y = 5
m= 2
tan = 2
equation lines, making angle of 45o from L1.
tan tan 45o 2 1
m' = tan( 45o) = o
1 tan tan 45 1 2
2 1 1
m1'
1 2 3
2 1 3
m 2' 3
1 2 1
1
L2 y x x + 3y = 0
3
L3 y = 3x 3x y = 0
Intersection point of L1 & L2 is B
Intersection point of L1 & L3 is A
0 0 1
1 1
Ar 1 3 1 10 5 Ar = | 5| = 5
2 2
3 1 1

28. let p (h, k) p is equidistant from coordinate axis & L1 = 3x + 5y = 15

h=k h= k
= (1) x = (2)
Equation (2) with L1
15 15 nd
x= ,y= II quadrant
2 2
Equation (1) with L1
15 15 st
y= , x= I quadrant
8 8

29. 3x + 4y = 7a & 3x + 4y = 7b
3x 7a 3x 7b 3
y= .(1) y= .(2) m1 =
4 4 4 4 4
7a 7b
c1 = c2 =
4 4
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
4x + 3y = 7c 4x + 3y = 7d
4x 7c 4x 7d 4
y= . (3) y= . (4) m2 =
3 3 3 3 3
7c 7d
d1 d2
3 3
7a 7b 7c 7d
c1 c2 d1 d 2 4 4 3 3 7 7 a b c d
Ar = = = = 7 | (a b) (c d) |
m1 m2 3 4 4 3 7
4 3 12

x1 x2 x3
2 2 2
30. x + 8x 20 = 0 4x + 32x 57 = 0 9x + 72x 112 = 0
y1 y2 y3
4 28
x1 = 2 , y1 = 10 x2 = 1.5 , y2 = 9.5 x3 = , y3 =
3 3

2 10 1 19 3 3 19
1 1
3 19 2 2 2 2
1 = 2 + 10 +1 = 0 Points are collinear.
2 2 28 4 4 28
1 1
4 28 3 3 3 3
1
3 3

31. x + (sin )y + cos = 0

x + (cos )y + sin = 0
x (sin )y + cos = 0
condition of concurrency
sin cos
1 cos sin 0 = cos2 + sin2
1 sin cos
2 cos A sin B 2 2 2

. M (6, 3) y = x
32.
.M'(3, 6)

(cos + sin )x + (cos sin )y 3(3cos + sin ) = 0

cos (x + y 9) + sin x y 3) = 0
(x + y 9) + tan (x y 3) = 0
L1 + L2 = 0

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 121
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
L1 = 0 L2 = 0
x+y 9=0 x y 3=0
intersection point M = (6, 3)
after reflection M' = (3, 6)

reflextion y = x y - axis x-axis y axis

33. A (m, n) B (n, m) C ( n, m) D( n, m) (n, m)
1m n n n m n
Area =
2 n m m m m n
1 2
= m nm nm nm n 2 n 2 nm nm nm m 2
2
1 2
= m 3nm n 2 n 2 3nm m 2
2
2m 2 6mn
= = m2 + 3mn = m(m+3n)
2

(0, 2)
34.
2 2 90o 2 2

( 2, 0) (2, 0)

2 2 2 2

(0, 2)
Ar 2 2 2 2 = 8 units sq.

35. Equation of AB
15 6 20 15
6 9 ,
y = 17 17 x 17 17
3x 4y = 0
17 20 9 17 A
17 17 3x 4y = 3
6 21 17 9
y = x
17 17 11 17
66 21 9
11y = 21x
17 17
21 9 66
21x 11y 0 B 2x+ 3y 5 = 0
17
9 6
21x 11y 15 = 0 ,
17 17 2x+ 3y = 0

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 122
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
36. ax + amy + 1 = 0
bx + (m + 1)by + 1 = 0
cx + (m + 2)cy +1 = 0
a am 1 a b m a b b 0
b m 1 b 1=0 b c m b c b 2c 0 0
c m 2 c 1 c m 2 c 1
1 a b m b c b 2c b c m a b b 0
ab + bc = 2ac means a, b, c are in H.P. for m R

37. A(1,2)
(5,3)

(5, 3)
Equation of AB
5
(y 2) = x 1
4
4(y 2) = 5x 5
5x + 4y = 13

38. ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 , y = mx

equation of bisector
x 2 y 2 xy x 2 m2 x 2 mx 2 1 m2 m
a b h a b h a b h
h hm2 = m(a b)
hm2 + m(a b) h = 0
so required equation hx2 + (a b) x h = 0

39. ax2 6xy + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0

2h 2 3
m1 m2 m m2
b 1
m2 + m 6 = 0
(m 2) (m + 3) = 0
m=2, m= 3
a
m1m2
b
3
m =a
for m = 2 a1 =8
m = 3 a2 = 27
a1 + a2 = 8 27 = 19

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 123
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE

A( 3,4) (3,4)
40.
(8,2)
P (0,y)

Q (x,0)

B(8, 2)

Equation of AB
4 2 6
y 2 x 8 y 2 x 8
3 8 11
11y 22 = 6x 48
6x + 11y = 26
PtQ
for y = 0
26 13 1
x 4
6 3 3

41. x2 + 2xy + y2 3x 3y + 2 = 0
(x + y 2) (x + y 1) = 0
x+y 2=0
x+y 1=0
c1 c2 two parallel line which are not coincident

MATRIX MATCH
42. (P) 4x 3y = 10 pt (2, 3)
4 10
y x
3 3
4 3
m= , m' =
3 4
3
(y 3) = (x 2)
4
4y 12 = 3x + 6
3x + 4y = 18
P 2

(Q) 7x + 8y = 5
8y = 7x + 5
7 5 7 8
y= x , m= , m' =
8 8 8 7
8
(y 10) = (x +6) 8x 7y = 118 Q 4
7

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 124
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
4 11
(R) m= , m' =
11 4
11
(y +3) = (x 2)
4
4y + 12 = 11x + 22 11x + 4y = 10 R 1

4 1
(S) m= , m' =
1 4
1
(y +3) = (x +4)
4
4y + 12 = x 4 x + 4y = 16 S 3

1
2 1 10 10 33 (2, 7)
43. (A) (1, 3) ,
7 7
1 7
14 + 7 = 10 + 10
4 =3
3
4
p 3
p+q=7 A S
q 4

2 1 1
(B) 2 (2, 7)
1 (1, 3) ( 2, 9)
2 +1= 2 2
4 = 3
3
Externally division
4
p:q=3:4
sum 3 + 4 = 7
B S
2 3
8 3 10 6 ( 1, 2) (p, q) (4, 5)
(C) p q
5 5
4
p =1 q=
5
4 1
p+q=1 =
5 5
C P

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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
3
(D) 2 (4, 5)
(p, q)
( 1, 2)

3 1 2 4 3 8
p = 11
3 2 1
3 2 2 5 6 10
p = 16
3 2 1
p + q = 11+16 = 5
D R

44. (A) A(2, 2) , B(8, 4), C(5, 7), D( 1,1)

AB = 36 36 6 2
BC = 9 9 3 2
CD = 36 36 6 2
DA = 9 9 3 2
AC 9 81 3 10
Diagonals equal Rectangle
BD 81 9 3 10
A Q, S, T
(B) A(0, 1), B(2, 1), C(0, 3), D( 2,1)
AB = 4 4 2 2
BC = 4 4 2 2
CD = 22 22 2 2
DA = 4 4 2 2
AC = 16 4
BD = 16 4 Square
B P, Q, S, T

(C) A(3, 5) , B( 5, 4) , C(7, 10) , D(15,9)

AB = 64 1 65
BC = 144 196 340
CD = 64 1 65
DA = 144 196 340
AC = 16 225 241
BD = 400 169 569
AC BD Parallelogram
C S

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 126
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
(D) A( 3, 4) , B( 1, 0), C(1, 0) , D(3, 4)
AB = 4 16 20
BC = 4 = 2 A B
x
CD = 4 16 20 ( 3,4) (3, 4)
DA = 36 = 6 y y
AB || CD
D ( 1, 0) C (1,0)
x + y = 180o
due to symmetry
D C
Means C D 180o

sum of opposite angle is 180o & AB || CD means quadrilateral ABCD is trapezium as

well as cyclic quadrilateral.

45. (A) A(2, 2) , B( 2, 1), C(5, 2)

AB = 16 9 25 5
BC = 49 1 5 2 Right angle isosceles
CA = 9 16 5
A Q, P

(B) A(1, 2), B( 3, 0), C(5, 6)

AB = 16 4 20 2 5
BC = 64 36 100 10 Right angle
CA = 16 64 80 4 5
B P

(C) A(3, 7) , B(6, 5), C(15, 1)

AB = 9 4 13
BC = 81 36 117
CA = 144 64 208
3 7 1
5 1 6 1 6 5
6 5 1 =3 7 +1 =0
1 1 15 1 15 1
15 1 1
Does not form of a
C S

(D) A(2, 2) B( 2, 2) C 2 3, 2 3
AB = 16 16 4 2
2 2
BC = 2 2 3 2 2 3

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 127
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
= 4 8 3 12 4 8 3 12
= 8 24 = 32 = 4 2
2 2
CA = 2 2 3 2 2 3 4 2

Equilateral D R

46. x intercept = 4 p(2, 3)

(A) Means passes through (4, 0)
3
(y 0) = x 4
2
2y = 3x 12
3x 2y = 12 A R

x y
(B) 1 a=b passes through (2, 5)
a b
x y
1
a a
2 + 5 =a
a=7 , x+y=7 B Q

(C) y = mx + c
y = tan(135o)x + ( 8)
y = tan(180o 45o) x 8
y = tan45o × x 8
x+y+8=0 C T
(D) (y 1) = m(x 4)
mx y = 4m 1 required line (0, 1 4m)
1 4m 1
1 4m 8
2 m
(1 4m)2 = 16m
1+ 16m2 8m = 16m (4, 1)
16m2 + 8m + 1 = 0
(4m + 1)2 = 0 (0, 0)
1
m 4m 1
4 ,0
1 m
(y 1) = x 4
4
4y 4 = x + 4
x + 4y = 8 D S

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 128
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
47. (A) 3x 4y + 11 = 0 , 3x 4y 9 = 0 , 4x + 3y + 3 = 0 , 4x + 3y 17 = 0
11 9 20 3 17 20
d1 4 , d2 4
9 16 5 16 9 5
3 4
m1 , m2
4 3
m1 × m2 = 1 so this is a square A S

2x y 1 x 2y 1
(B) &
2x y 3 x 2y 3
3 1 2 3 1 2
d1 = d2
4 1 5 4 1 5
1
m1 = 2 , m2 =
2
m1 m2 1 Rhombus which is not a square B R

(C) 2x2 7xy + 3y2 + 5x + 10y 25 = 0

(x 3y + 5) (2x y 5) = 0
x 3 + 5 = 0 ..(B)
2x y 5 = 0 . .(C)
Intersection point of equation (B) & (C) is (4, 3)
After solving equation (A) & (B) (1, 2)
After solving equation(A) & (C) (3, 1)

(4, 3)
10
(1, 2)
5
5

(3,1)
10
(0,0)
Parallelogram which is neither a rectangle nor rhombus.

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