Aquino, Ma. Samantha T.

October 1, 2020
BSN – 1B A&P – Case study 4

Introduction:

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. It can be caused by other

conditions like cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy. A person with a normal shape of
spine includes a curve at the top of the shoulder and a curve at the lower back portion
but, when it is curved from side to side or forming an “S” or “C” shape then this could be
a scoliosis. It is most common in later stages of childhood or puberty stage. Sometimes
it is not always noticeable but the unevenness of shoulders and hips can be observed.

Signs (Objective) :

A person with Scoliosis might experience stooped posture, weight loss, uneven
shoulders, uneven waist, difficulty in standing or sitting, humpback, shortness of breath.
In addition, bone spurs the entire body leans to one side.

Signs (Subjective) :

A person with Scoliosis might feel pain in the back, numbness and weakness in
the legs, fatigue because of the muscle strains and tired feeling.

Causes:

There are many causes associated with Scoliosis like neuromuscular conditions,
poor posture because of carrying heavy backpacks and satchels, birth defects sometimes
affects the development of the spine, injuries and infections of the spine, and some
connective tissue has been damaged. In addition, osteoporosis can also be a cause of
scoliosis due to bone degeneration.
Pathophysiology:

Idiopathic scoliosis

Neuromuscular Congenital

Neuropathic Myopathic Vertebral fails

to form
properly and
cause to form
Abnormal Permanent a deformity at
inflammation of dysfunction of the spine
muscles leads muscles leads
to weakness to weakness

Lateral curvature of the spine Lateral curvature of the spine is

narrows intervertebral canal transferred through sacroiliac joints
to pelvis intervertebral canal

Spiral nerve impact Pelvis is displaced in transverse

plane

Lateral curvature’s rotation of the

thoracic vertebra

Thoracic cage deforms

Leads to lower thoracic volume,

lower lung expansion and lower lung
compliance

SCOLIOSIS
Risk factors:

Many factors could be associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but the most
recognized risk whose adolescent female, age ranges from 10-18 but it can occur to both
adolescent male and female. Having a history of Scoliosis can also be a factor or a close
relative condition but commonly is genetic conditions.

Complications:

Scoliosis could develop into several complications such as lung and heart
damage, back issues, breathing problems, low-self-esteem, leakage of the spinal fluid
and persistent wear and tear of the spine bones.

Preventions:

To prevent Scoliosis improving a person’s posture is a must. Practicing regular

exercises can somehow prevent it. Having proper amount of calcium in the body and
vitamin D can help to strengthen and increase the bone mass in the body. Since they are
mostly nutrients needed for bones.
Photographs related to Scoliosis

A normal spine and a spine with Scoliosis forming a letter “S”

in the vertebral column.

A teenager diagnosed with severe Scoliosis with an x-ray

image.

A virtual representation of the different types of Scoliosis from

lumbar to combined. (Left to combined)
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