General Instructions:: Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology

Republic of the Philippines
DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Guang-guang, Dahican, 8200 City of Mati, Davao Oriental
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Present all your outputs using short bond paper (8.5x11), Times New Roman, Font Size 12,
and single spacing.
2. Compile your outputs in a portfolio.
3. Follow the specific directions indicated in each learning task.
4. Download all necessary files at once and avoid staying in crowded internet cafes. Should you
have technical and logistical difficulties in accessing these files, please let me know so I
could assist you accordingly.
5. Deadline of submission is 3 days after official resumption of classes.
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NatSci5 Principles of Ecology
Learning Task 2020-01

STUDYING AT HOME
DIRECTIONS: Download and print handouts (3 slides per page) for all the powerpoint
presentations sent to you via google classroom. On the lines provided, explain the contents of each
slide in your own words. The explanation must be in your own handwriting. Write neatly and avoid
erasures.
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ESSAY WRITING
DIRECTIONS: Write an essay to answer each of the questions stated below. Each essay must have
800 to 1000 words. Provide a bibliography or list of references using the APA format. The final
output must be grammar checked in www.grammarly.com.
1. How can global warming and climate change contribute to the occurrence of global
pandemics like the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
When the earth gets heated, large and small animals on the ground and on the sea go to the
poles to get out of the water. This ensures the animals are in contact with other animals that
they may not usually have, and this gives viruses a chance to enter the new hosts. We have
no clear evidence that the distribution of COVID-19 is affected by climate change, but we are
aware that climate change changes the way we connect to other animals on Earth and that it
affects our health and our infections risk. The risk of pandemics has rose at the source of
many causes of climate change. The main cause of biodiversity destruction worldwide is
deforestation, which takes place mainly for agricultural purposes. Habitat loss forces animals
to migrate, and potentially to contact and share germs with other animals or persons. Big
farms can also act as a vector of animal-to-humans’ infections. Lower demand for animal
food and more durable livestock production could minimize emerging threats of infectious
illness and lower emissions of greenhouse gases. In order to protect our health, we have
multiple arguments for climate measures, including the reduction of threats of infectious
diseases. In the other hand, some recent study has found that persons living in low air quality
areas are more likely to die from COVID 19 even after other considerations such as
preexisting medical conditions, socio-economic status and access to health services have
been taken into account. This discovery is consistent with previous investigations that have
found that people that are prone to more air pollution, smoking better than someone who
breathe healthier air and don't smoke, with lung infections. In areas where air pollution is
normal, we must give careful care to persons that are more vulnerable or exposed to dirty air
than others, such as homeless people, persons who do not have air filtration in their homes or
persons whose health is already at risk. So, if this sort of issue is to be avoided seriously in
the future, we must think very closely about climate change and the biodiversity crisis.
Simply put, in response to another global crisis—such as a storm, tornado, forest fire or
heatwave—we can never wait to solve a crisis like this because we know absolutely how to
incorporate and can implement climate remedies right now. This will make us today happier
and preserve our future.
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2. The province of Davao Oriental has rich biodiversity and natural resources in its forest,
riparian, and marine ecosystems. What do you think are the major challenges in the
protection, management, and conservation of these natural treasures? How can we
overcome these challenges? Cite specific situations or examples.
Protecting, managing and conserving these natural
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References:
Dr. Bernstein, Aaron (2020). A conversation on COVID - 19
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/c-change/news/coronavirus-climate-change-and-the-environment/
May 2010
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/63640/42073-01-reg-tacr-03.pdf
https://wwf.org.ph/what-we-do/food/davaogulf/
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SPECIES INVENTORY AT HOME
DIRECTIONS: Conduct a simple species inventory by naming the different flora and fauna found
at home. Record their photos, local names, English name, scientific name, and notable behaviors. In
addition, count the number of individuals for each species that you found inside your home.
Compute for the Shannon-Wiener’s index of diversity.
English Scientific Total Notable

Photo Local Name
Name Name Individuals Behaviors
Langaw Blow flies Drosophila 20 swarms with
(Cebuano, melanogaster food
Mandaya,
etc.)
Gagamba Common Culicidae 20 Sucking blood
(Cebuano, house spider on human and
Bisaya, any other
Mandaya) species
Buyog Millipedes Apis 2 They are best

(Cebuano) behavior is
reproducing
honey and
finding a
home to build
as well, and
they can
survive with
or without
food.
Paru-Paro Moth Rhopalocera 2 Puddling,
(Tagalog) Patrolling and
Perching.
Butterflies
puddling to
get salts.
Langgam Bird Aves 2 swarms food,
(Cebuano) whistles,
caring for
itself
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Gabi-Gabi Good night Colocasia 1 Use to treat

(Cebuano) esculenta asthma, anti
cancer, skin
diorders
Kamunggay Moringa Moringa 2
(Cebuano, Oleifera to relieve
Mandaya) inflammation.
Its oil may
mix with
foods it is rich
in anti-
oxidant.
Shannon-Wiener Index is defined and given by the following function:

Where −
 pipi = proportion of total sample represented by species ii. Divide no. of individuals of
species i by total number of individuals.
 SS = number of species, = species richness
 Hmax=ln(S)Hmax=ln(S) = Maximum diversity possible
 EE = Evenness = HHmax
Problem Statement:
The local names of 7 species are 20,20,2,2,2,1,2 Calculate the Shannon diversity index and Eveness
for these total individuals.
Total Individuals (S) = 20,20,2,2,2,1,2 of species (N) 7
First let us calculate the sum of the given values
Sum = (20,20,2,2,2,1,2) = 49
Species Total Individuals Pi In (Pi) Pi x In (pi)

Langaw 20 0.20 4 0.08
Lamok 20 0.20 4 0.08
Buyog 2 0.02 0.04 0.04
Paru-Paro 2 0.02 0.04 0.04
Langgam 2 0.02 0.04 0.04
Gabi-Gabi 1 0 .01 0.01 0.01
Malunggay 2 0.02 0.04 0.04
S=7 Sum = 49 Sum = 0.33
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H = 0.33
Hmax = In(S) = In(7) = 2.31
E = 0.33 = 0.76
2.31
Shannon diversity index (H) = 0.33
Evenness = 0.76
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FIVE PHOTOS AND A STORY
DIRECTIONS: Take five (5) good photos of your favorite plant or animal. On each photo, write a
caption that tells how important the plant or animal is to the ecosystem, and what makes it your
favorite? Make sure that the captions are cohesive and concise to tell an effective story.
My stress reliever
This was captured 9:30AM April 1,2020

t’was a nice day for me. I love the agony and
scenery here, where I can find comfort and
relief. I can’t imagine the day without a wind
and oxygen. It was nice to see the clouds
calmly as it is. I took my breakfast here after
taking that picture. I found it so relaxing
eating together with my dog beside me, such a
great pleasure that I can still see the beauty of
the ecosystem. I took this picture of a tree
which is coconut tree, as you may know
coconut tree is one of my favorite to eat
where you can find a lot of benefits especially
the soup of the coconut, and the oil as well. It
can cure disease which is for the kidney it can
cleanse your organ too.
Such an honor, to have this at our house. I’m
sorry but I don’t what exactly is this tree, but
my parents told me this is one of the family of
the pine tree. Pine tree is important to our
ecosystem it’s because, their growth form
helps to reduce the amount of snow each
branch must support over winter and prevents
branches from falling off. Often the fallen
needles of pines will form a dense mat on
the forest floor and prevent other plants
growing underneath them. This is one of my
favorite because it brings joy whenever I
woke up in the morning.
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This is our dog her name is Chingkay. Despite

their widespread and sometimes severe
impacts on biodiversity, dogs can also benefit
some species and ecosystem. In some
regions, dogs and their keen noses have been
trained to help scientists find threatened
species such as Tiger Quolls. Elsewhere they
are helping to flush out and control feral cats.
She is my favorite among our three dogs,
though she’s quite strict, but she’s my stress
reliever I love how she cuddle every time.
Ecological roles of birds. .As with other

native organisms, birds help maintain
sustainable population levels of their prey and
predator species and, after death, provide food
for scavengers and decomposers.
Many birds are important in plant
reproduction through their services as
pollinators or seed dispersers, truly my
favorite because they can fly where they want
to go, sometimes I wish I had wings too so I
can fly. But yes I’m human all I can do is
dream, one of my stress reliever as well.
This our cat her name is kitty. Big cats love

their meat. They are also strict carnivores.
This puts them at the top of the food chain,
where they play an important ecological role
by regulating prey populations and structuring
animal communities. Members of
the cat family, also known as felids, can have
an indirect effect on plant life. She’s my
favorite because she’s too clingy and lovable.
I couldn’t resist to carry her all the time.
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POEM WRITING
DIRECTIONS: Write a poem about three (3) of the natural treasures in Davao Oriental that are
listed below. Write about the ecology (role, importance, etc.) of the natural treasures. The poem must
have at least 5 stanzas with 4 lines in each stanza. You may use English, Filipino, Mandaya or any
local dialect in writing the poem. Be creative as the best poem may get a chance to be published in
Tadyaw, the official literary publication of DOSCST.
Sleeping Dinosaur Island
As I stand still, where I can see the land of promise

Given by the God almighty. Oh, I am shocked!
There is a form of the mountain that looks like whom we called
The Sleeping Dinosaur...
I climbed the mountain with joy

I roll around with no hesitations
I smell the fresh air with wide ventilation
I shouted my anger on my mind
As I visited the mountain

There are a lots of thoughts, but all I can think of is to relax
I love how the wind blows…
I love the scenery as it is, the wide-open sea…
I see the beautiful fishes in the sea

The land that you have promise to build with us
The people are so kind and generous
What a warm welcome that I had. .
The beautiful Sunrise and the roaring birds

Oh, my sleeping dinosaur is in it amazing? God created you to bring joy to us..
My heart is filled with hope,
Though my knee is aching when I climbed at your back after all…
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Pujada Bay
There’s no place like home a place where oceans are unlimited.

My days are wonderful for you.
My Eyes are mesmerizing
When I see the beauty and the glow of the sea
Are you really that afar from me?

My little sunshine which I called my sea
Were you be able to calm when the sun rises?
Were you be able to freshen up the people who visited?
Oh, how I wish I could be there to clean you up

Every time the summer is near how I wish I could be there
Oh, my little sunshine my Pujada Bay
How are you? I hope you’re okay,
I hope my first visit could be warm as your bay

They say a lot of people die because of your deepest sea
I wish they will be safer as I see.
My Pujada please take care of the people who come and go.
Though you’re from afar,

But as far as I can internalize there’s no bay like you...
A bay that no other can imitate
Oh my, Pujada Bay my pain reliever wishing you all with joyous waves.
Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary

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A beautiful disaster, a place where I can find peace

A scenery with a tantalizing view
Can I resist a temptation like you?
Yes, you you’re afar like the other mountain, but you gave meaning to us.
Mt. Hamiguitan Indeed, a place where you can find peace

You can live happily..
Can spread love to each in every creature that surrounds you,
How can I resist?
You are, you are some kind of a stunning place to live at peace,
Could they really appreciate you?
What a wrong mindset could be
Mountain can be a trash in the future could be.
Mt, Hamiguitan the animal land as what I can see

Are they not enough to see for others?
Let me one of your living sanctuary
I may not be one of your fans. But I can be your guardian angel
My Mt. Hamiguitan let me protect you as long as I lived

For as I lived, as a nature lover
Though you’re afar and I may not visit you frequently
Let the wind send my message for you...
Davor, the sperm whale
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A scuba diver, head first like a dolphin,

Goes in to the ocean, 100 feet down
In semi-darkness finds this apparition
Something beautiful to behold in motion,
I rid the world of Giant Squid

I hunt them in the dark
I dive below, to depths so low.
They fight me and leave marks!
The greatest battle never seen.

Two foes fight to the death!
Their scary beak and my big teeth
Collide! So hold that breath!
A boat will float, while sailors gloat,

Of big whales they’ve attacked
But the tale of the Sperm Whale
Is guess what? I fight back!
But if you’re nice, don’t be afraid,

Admire my huge head
But if you mean to be real mean
Remember what I said!
Dahican Beach
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Dad and I went to Dahican beach, with hats and pails,

Walked the shore in search of snails,
Starfish, crabs, and things that hide
Inside the pools left by the tide.
We climbed across the wave-worn rocks,

Kicked off our shoes, peeled of our socks,
And peered into a water world
Where minnows flashed and seaweed swirled.
A hermit crab played hide and seek.

I scooped him up and took a peek,
He snapped his claws. I set him free,
Wondering what he thought of me.
I saved one thing, one perfect shell.

Before the rising sea could swell
With crash, and splash, and bash, and boom.
And swallow up this living room.
The ocean swept in with a roar.

We scuttled back along the shore.
But we’ll be back to watch the show,
Next time we see the tide is low.
Philippine Brown Deer (Rusa marianna)
A wounded deer leap highest,

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I’ve hear the hunter tell;

It is but the ecstasy of death,
And the brake is still.
The smitten tock that gushes,

The trampled steel that springs;
A cheek is always redder
Just where the hectic stings!
Mirth is the mail of anguish,

In which it cautions arm,
Lest which it cautions arm,
Lest anybody spy the blood
And “You’re hurt” exclaim!
Who taught spring was the best time of year

Until he got wet
Cause a puddle he met
Spring was no longer something to cheer
White were her feet her forehead showed

A spot of silvery white.
That seemed to glimmer
Like a star in autumn hazy night.
Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas)
There was a little turtle.

He lived in a box.
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He swam in a puddle.
He climbed on rocks.
He snapped at a mosquito.
He snapped at a flea.
He snapped at a minnow.
And he snapped at me.
He caught the mosquito.

He caught the flea.
He caught the minnow.
But the he didn’t catch me.
Poor little turtle he has no way

He finds at me everywhere in the sea
I hid unto the rocks
He almost see me
Finally poor little turtle

Catch me as I seek the rocks
I am shocked by he’s color
You now what? It’s a green turtle.
Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)
We touch the marge; hark! A shriek shrill and loud,

A bird with huge wings, like a fragment of cloud,
Shoots swift from the gorge, sweeps around, then on high
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Cleaves his way, till he seems a dim spot in the sky;
Then stooping in circles, contracting his rings,

He swoops to a pine-top and settles his swings;
An eagle! An eagle! How kingly his form!
He seems fit to travel in sunshine and storm;
What terrible talons, what strength in that beak,

His red rolling eye-balls the proud monarch speak;
He casts looks, superb and majestically, down;
His pine for a throne, and his crest for a crown;
He stirs not a feather, though shouting’s arise,

But still flings beneath mute contempt at our cries;
A branch is hurl’d upward, whirls near him, but vain,
He looks down his eloquent, glorious disdain,
Till he choose to spread his broad pinions of gray

And launch in majestic, slow motion away.
My bird, the struggle’s over!
Thy wings, at length unfurled, will bear thee, noble rover.
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Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

+63 087 388-3195

NatSci5 Principles of Ecology

Learning Task 2020-01

+63 087 388-3195

+63 087 388-3195

NatSci5 Principles of Ecology

Learning Task 2020-02

+63 087 388-3195

Protecting, managing and conserving these natural

+63 087 388-3195

+63 087 388-3195

NatSci5 Principles of Ecology

English Scientific Total Notable

Buyog Millipedes Apis 2 They are best

+63 087 388-3195

Gabi-Gabi Good night Colocasia 1 Use to treat

Shannon-Wiener Index is defined and given by the following function:

Species Total Individuals Pi In (Pi) Pi x In (pi)

+63 087 388-3195

Hmax = In(S) = In(7) = 2.31

Shannon diversity index (H) = 0.33

+63 087 388-3195

NatSci5 Principles of Ecology

Learning Task 2020-04

This was captured 9:30AM April 1,2020

+63 087 388-3195

This is our dog her name is Chingkay. Despite

Ecological roles of birds. .As with other

This our cat her name is kitty. Big cats love

+63 087 388-3195

NatSci5 Principles of Ecology

Learning Task 2020-05

Sleeping Dinosaur Island

As I stand still, where I can see the land of promise

I climbed the mountain with joy

As I visited the mountain

I see the beautiful fishes in the sea

The beautiful Sunrise and the roaring birds

+63 087 388-3195

There’s no place like home a place where oceans are unlimited.

Are you really that afar from me?

Oh, how I wish I could be there to clean you up

I hope my first visit could be warm as your bay

Though you’re from afar,

Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary

A beautiful disaster, a place where I can find peace

Mt. Hamiguitan Indeed, a place where you can find peace

Mt, Hamiguitan the animal land as what I can see

My Mt. Hamiguitan let me protect you as long as I lived

Davor, the sperm whale

+63 087 388-3195

A scuba diver, head first like a dolphin,

I rid the world of Giant Squid

The greatest battle never seen.

A boat will float, while sailors gloat,

But if you’re nice, don’t be afraid,

+63 087 388-3195

Dad and I went to Dahican beach, with hats and pails,

We climbed across the wave-worn rocks,

A hermit crab played hide and seek.

I saved one thing, one perfect shell.