Situation: Two trains travel on parallel tracks in the same direction.

The firs train

has a length of 100 m and velocity of 200 kph. The second train has a length of 120
m and velocity of 250 kph. Their clear distance is initially 800 meters.

1. How long will it take for the second train to reach the rear of the first?
m
V relative =V 2−V 1=+250−( +200 )=50 kph=13.89
s
Srelative =V relative t
800=13.89 (t )
t=57.6 sec
2. How long will it take for their front to be abreast.
Srelative =V relative t
900=13.89 ( t )
t=64.98 sec
3. How long will it take for the second train to fully overtake the first?
Srelative =V relative t
1020=13.89 ( t )
t=73.43 sec
4. Find the biggest angle of a quadrilateral whose interior angles are in a 2:3:6:7
ratio.
2 x+3 x +6 x +7 x=3600
18 x=3600
x=200
Biggest angle :7 x=7 ( 20 ) =1400
5. Given the following equation: 5x2 – 1 = 4x, find the roots.
5 x 2−4 x +1=0
a=5 ; b=−4 ; c=1
By quadratic formula :
2
−b ± √ b2−4 ac −(−4)± √ (−4) −4(5)(1)
x= = =1 ,−0.2
2a 2(5)
6. If the sum of seven consecutive integers is zero, what is the biggest of the
seven integers?
x + x+1+ x +2+ x +3+ x +4 + x+ 5+ x+ 6=0
7 x +21=0
x=−3
Biggest number=x
+6=−3+6=3
7. When you divide a 3-digit number by the sum of the digits, the value is 26. If
the digits are reversed, it will exceed the original number by 198. Find the
ten’s digit.
 100 x +10 y + z
=26
x+ y+z
100 x+10 y + z=26 x +26 y +26 z
74 x−16 y −25 z =0
74 x−25 z
y=
16

100 z+10 y + x=100 x +10 y+ z+198

99 x−99 z=198
x−z=−2
x=−2+ z

Take all possible values of x , y ∧z :

z x y
0 -2 -9.25
1 -1 -6.1875
2 0 -3.125
3 1 -0.0625
4 2 3

Since x , y∧z must be whole numbers , y =3.

8. Working together, A and B can complete a job in 6 days. A works twice as fast
as B. How many days would it take B working alone to complete the job?
Condition 1: A ( 6 )+ B ( 6 ) =1
Condition 2: A=2 B

2 B ( 6 )+ B ( 6 ) =1
12 B+6 B=1
18 B=1
1
B=
18
Work 1
Time= = =18 days
Rate 1
18

Situation: A and B working together can do a job in 6.5 hours, A became ill after 3
hours of working with B, and B finished the job, continuing to work alone in 8.25
hours more.

9. How long will it take A to do the job alone?

 Equation1 :6.5 A +6.5 B=1
Equation 2 :3 A +3 B+ 8.25 B=1
3 A +11.25 B=1

3 ( 1−6.5 B
6.5 )
+11.25 B=1

B=0.065
A=0.089

1 1
T A= = =11.24 hours
A 0.089
10. How long will it take B to do the job alone?
1 1
T B= = =15.38 hours
B 0.065
11. An airplane travels 1.75 hours when against the wind and 1.15 hours when
in the direction of the wind. The distance to tis destination if 500 miles.
Compute the speed of the wind.
Distance
Velocity=
Time
500
With the wind :V p+ V w =
1.15
500
Against the wind :V p−V w =
1.75
V p=360.25mph
V w =74.53mph
12. What is the value of 5i raised to 5?
( 5 i )5 =55 i 5=55 i 4 i=55 ( 1 ) i=5 5 i
13. Shanel started walking from point O at uniform speed of 3.5 kph. After 3
hours, Alfred started walking from the same point and walked 3.5 km in the
first hour, 4 km in the second hour, and so on, increasing 0.5 km per hour.
How many hours after Shanel left point O will she be caught by Alfred?
Alfre d ' s distance is∈arithmetic progression .
let n be the number of hours :
2 a + ( n−1 ) d
SShanel =S Alfred = 1 n
2
2 ( 3.5 ) + ( n−1 ) 0.5
3.5 ( n+3 ) = n
2
n=7
n+3=7+3=10 hour s
14. An airplane flying with the wind covers 80 km in 7 minutes and covers the
same distance in 8 minutes against the wind. What is the speed of the
airplane in still air?
s
V=
t
80
With the wind :V p+ V w =
7
60
80
Against the wind :V p−V w =
8
60
V w =42.86
15. Find the 6th term in the series whose sum of n terms is given by (n2 – 1)/3.
62−1 35
S6 =∑ of 6 terms= =
3 3
2
5 −1 24
S5=∑ of 5terms= =
3 3
35 24 11
a 6=S6−S 5= − =
3 3 3
x A B
16. Find the value of A in the equation: 2 = +
x −x−6 x−3 x +2
x A B
( =
x −x−6 x−3 x +2
2
+
)
(x −3)( x+2)

x= A ( x +2 ) +B ( x−3 ) → substitute x =3
3=A ( x +2 ) + B(3−3)
3
A=
5
10
1
(
17. Find the coefficient of the 4 term in the expansion of 2 x=
th
x ).
( r +1 )th term ¿ n C r an−r b r
3
10−3 1
( ) th
4 th term= 3+1 term ¿10 C3 (2 x)
x ()
4
4 thterm=15360 x
18. Find the 6th term in the series: -1/3, 5/3, -25/3.
The series is a geometric progression with r=−5
−1 3125
a 6=a1 r 5= (−5 )5 =
3 3
19. Mary is 24 years old. Mary is twice as old as Ann was when Mary was as old
as Ann is now. How old is Ann now?
 Past Present
Mary X 24
Ann 12 X

24−x=x−12
2 x=36
x=18
20. A father tells his son, “I was your age now when you were born.” If the father
is now 38 years old, how old was his son 2 years ago?

Past Present
Father X 38
Son 0 x

38−x=x−0
x=19
Two years a go , the son was ( 19−2 ) =17 years old
21. A 400-mm diameter pipe can fill the tank alone in 5 hours and another 600-
mm diameter pipe can fill the tank alone in 4 hours. A drain pipe 300-mm
diameter can empty the tank in 20 hours. With all the three pipe open, how
long will it take to fill the tank?
1 1 1 1
+ − =
5 4 20 x
x=2.5 hours
22. A tank is filled with an intake pipe in 2 hours and emptied by an outlet pipe
in 4 hours. If both pipes are opened, how long will it take to fill the empty
tank?
1 1 1
− =
2 4 x
x=4 hours
23. A goldsmith has two alloys of gold, the first being 70% pure and the second
being 60% pure. How many ounces of the 60% pure gold must be used to
make 100 ounces of an alloy which will be 66% gold?
70 % ( 100−x )+60 % ( x )=66 % ( 100 )
70−0.7 x+ 0.6 x =66
x=40 ounces
24. How much water must be evaporated from 10 kg solution which has 4% salt
to make a solution of 10% salt?
0.4 ( 10 )−0 ( x )=0.1 ( 10−x )
0.4=1−0.1 x
x=6 kg
25. At what time between 8:00 and 9:00 will the minute hand coincide with the
hour hand?
−11 M +60 H
θ=
2
−11 M +60 ( 8 )
0=
2
M =43.64
26. From the time 6:15 PM to the time 7:45 PM of the same day, the minute hand
of a standard clock describes an arc of?
6 :15=6 ( 60 ) +15=375 minutes
7 :45=7 ( 60 ) + 45=465 minutes

difference of minutes=x=465−375=90 minutes

3600
x=90 min (
60 mins )
=540 0

27. The numbers 28, x + 2, 112 form a geometric progression. What is the 10 th
term?
a 1=28 , a2=x +2 , a3=112

a2 a3
r= =
a1 a 2
x+2 112
=
28 x+ 2
x=54

a 2 54+ 2
r= =
a1 28
r =2

a 10=a1 r 9=28 ( 2 )9
a 10=14336

28. The sum of the first 10 terms of a geometric progression 2, 4, 8, … is?

a 1=2; a2=4 ; a3=8 ; n=10
r =2

a 1 ( r n −1 ) 2 ( 210−1 )
S= =
r −1 2−1
 S=2046
29. In a benefit show, a number of wealthy men agreed that the first one to arrive
would pay 10 centavos to enter and each later arrive would pay twice as
much as the preceding man. The total amount collected from all of them was
P 104,857.50. How many wealthy men paid?
a 1=0.1; r=2

a 1 ( r n −1 )
S=
r −1
0.1 ( 2n−1 )
104857.5=
2−1
n=20 men
30. A man mailed 10 chain letters to ten of his friends with a request to continue
by sending a similar letter to each of their ten friends. If this continue for 6
sets of letters and if all responded, how much will the Phil. Postal Office earn
if minimum postage costs P 4 per letter?
a 1=10 ; r=10 ; n=6

a 1 ( r n −1 ) 10 ( 10 6−1 )
S= =
r −1 10−1
S=1111110

Total Cost =4 ( 1111 110 )=4 444 440