Muhammad Daffa DR

191734022
2D-TKE

exetcae 2
Elephants
1. Elephants are the largest land animals in the world. Whales are the largest sea animals. These
two huge animals may, in fact, be related. Biologists now believe that the ancestors of
elephants once lived in the sea. There is plenty of evidence to support this idea. For example,
the shape of an elephant's head is similar to a whale's. Also, elephants are excellent
swimmers. Some have chosen to swim for food to islands up to 300 miles from shore. Like
the whale, the elephant, too, uses sounds to show anger or for other kinds of communication.
Finally, in certain ways, female elephants behave much like female whales. When an elephant
or a whale baby is born, a female friend stays nearby to help the mother. a. How elephants are
good swimmers
b. The largest animals in the world
c. How elephants and whales are alike
Explanation: the best topic is b, The largest animals in the world. This gives the entirety of
the information discussed in the text, which discusses the world's largest animals. choice a,
How elephants are good swimmers is too specific. Only one part of the whole paragraph.
Choice c, How elephants and whales are alike is too general. Because only one part of the
paragraph is generally found.

2. The elephant's trunk is not just a large nose or upper lip. It's an essential and unique feature
that serves many purposes for this animal. For one, it is used to make many kinds of sounds.
With its trunk, the elephant can communicate anger, fear, or happiness. The trunk is also used
as if it were a kind of hand. At the end of the trunk are two muscles shaped like fingers. These
muscles can pick up food and water and carry them to the elephant's mouth. Elephants use
their trunks to take dust baths, too, throwing the dust over their backs. If an elephant's trunk is
seriously injured, the elephant may die. Without its trunk, it has great difficulty getting
enough to eat.
a. The elephant's trunk
b. The elephant's body
c. The elephant's dust baths
Explanation: the best topic is a, The elephant’s trunk. Because the whole text almost
discusses the elephant's trunk itself. Choice b, The elephant's body is too general. Because
only notifying one of the elephant's limbs. Choice c, The elephant's dust baths Is too specific.
Because discussing one of the habits of an elephant.

3. The intelligence of the elephant is widely known. We say, "the elephant never forgets," in
honor of its excellent memory. Elephants are also surprisingly good at solving problems. An
Indian farmer who kept elephants discovered this fact, to his misfortune. He had noticed that
his elephants were eating his bananas at night. No fence could keep out the elephants, of
course, so he decided to tie bells on them. Then he would hear them when they came to eat
the bananas and he could chase them away. A few mornings later, however, the bananas were
all gone, though he had heard nothing at night. When he checked the elephants he found that
 they had played a trick on him. They had filled the bells with mud so they would not make
any noise!
a. Facts about elephants
b. How elephants get bananas
c. The intelligence of elephants
Explanation: the best topic is c, The intelligence of elephants. Discussing one of the
intelligences that elephants have, which is good at solving problems. Choice a, Facts about
elephants is too general. There are still many facts that elephants have, so they are still too
general. Choice b, How elephants get bananas is too specific. Because it tells one of the
elephant's own intelligences.

exezczae 3
The Construction of Houses
1. People usually build their houses out of the materials that are easily available to them. In
some areas, most people build their homes out of wood. This is true in parts of North America
and in Scandinavia. These areas have large forests, so wood is easy to get and inexpensive. In
many other areas of Europe, there are few forests left. Stone and brick are cheaper, so most
people build their houses of these materials. In tropical regions, houses are sometimes made
from plants that grow there. For example, in parts of Africa or Asia, houses may be made out
of bamboo. Finally, in the very coldest areas near the Arctic, people make their homes out of
blocks of ice.
a. Materials used for houses
b. The wooden houses of Scandinavia
c. Houses around the world
Explanation: the best topic is c, Houses around the world. Because the main topic discussed
is the types of houses around the world. Choice b, The wooden houses of Scandinavia is too
specific. It's only one part that can be highlighted from this text .Choice a, Materials used for
houses is too general. Can cover a lot of things that are not in the paragraph.

2. Houses in hot countries have many features that are different from houses in cold countries.
Houses in hot countries usually have thick walls and small windows to keep out the heat. In
colder climates and darker regions, however, people do not have to worry about too much sun
and heat. The houses therefore have larger windows to let in the sunlight. Another difference
is that houses in hot climates usually have an outdoor living area—a terrace, courtyard, or
porch. In colder climates, of course, people spend less time outdoors, so houses often do not
have such areas.
a. The architecture of houses
b. Houses in hot and cold countries
c. Houses with small windows
Explanation: the best topic is a, The architecture of house. Because it discusses the needs
needed by each house in countries with different climates. Choice b, Houses in hot and cold
countries Is too general. Is one example of home architecture in each different climate.
Choice c, Houses with small windows is too specific. Already focused on one of the
architectural homes in one of the places namely homes in hot countries.

3. One of the most famous houses in the United States is Monticello. It was the home of Thomas
Jefferson, the third President of the United States. Located on a hill near Charlottesville,
Virginia, it has a beautiful view of the surrounding countryside. The house is famous, first of
all, because it belonged to a President. It is also a fine example of early 19th century
American architecture. Jefferson designed it himself in a style he had admired in Italy. Many
American buildings of that time, in fact, imitated European styles. But while most were just
imitations, his Monticello is lovely in itself. Furthermore, the design combines a graceful
style with a typical American concern for comfort and function.
a. The view from Monticello
b. American architecture
c. Reasons for Monticello's fam
Explanation: the best topic is b, American aechitecture. explain the origin of the emergence
of American architecture. Choice a, The view from Monticello is too general. Is one part of a
paragraph that is usually discussed generally. Choice b, Reason’s for Monticello’s fam is too
specific. Because this is one part of the paragraph that is related to each other.