EM220

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (HONS)

MECHANICAL
MEC 500

NUMERICAL METHOD WITH APPLICATION

ASSIGNMENT

EMD6M8A

LECTURER’S NAME : DR MOHAMMAD AZZEIM MAT JUSOH

N NAME MATRIC NO
O
1. AIDIL FADHILAF BIN AWANG 2016218546
2. MUHAMMAD FAHMI BIN MOHD ROSLI 2016218518
QUESTION

A cylindrical stainless-steel fuel tank has an outside diameter of D (mm) and the length
of Y(mm).The side of the cylinder and the bottom and the top ends has a thickness of
X(mm).

Determine the value for X if the D=400(mm), Y=700(mm), Mass (M)=18(kg), Density
(Rh)=7920(kg/m³).

Determine the value x using any open method vs bracketing method. The value of the

Ealignl¿s¿¿¿ =0.05％ and compare both answer.

Figure 1: Fuel tank measurement

PROBLEM STATEMENT
 To solve the application problem by using bracketing method and open method.
 To differentiate the method used and find the easier way to solve the problem.

CALCULATION

Derivation of equation:

Density of the fuel tank:

m
Density , ρ=
V
m
V material of cylinder =
ρ
18 kg
¿
7920 kg/m3

¿ 0.002272 m3

V outer =π r 2 h
¿π¿

¿ 0.028 π m3

V inner =π ( 0.2−x )2 ( 0.7−2 x )

¿π¿
¿ π ( 0.2−x )( 0.2−x )( 0.7−2 x )

¿ π ( −2 x 3 +1.5 x 2−0.36 x+ 0.028 ) m3

V material of cylinder =V outer −V inner

1
[ 0.00227=0.028 π −(−2 x3 +1.5 x 2−0.36 x +0.028 ) π ]
π

0.000723=0.028+2 x3 −1.5 x 2 +0.36 x−0.028

0=2 x 3−1.5 x 2 +0.36 x−0.000723
x 1=0.002025

x 2=imaginary number x 3=imaginary number

BRACKETING METHOD
(BISECTION METHOD)

Y =2 x 3−1.5 x 2+ 0.36 x−0.000723

Figure 2: Graph for the function

Figure 3: Graph for gaining interval

By using interval [0.0015, 0.0025]
OPEN METHOD
(NEW-RAPHSON METHOD)

Y =2 x 3−1.5 x 2+ 0.36 x−0.000723

Y '=6 x2 −3 x +0.36
f ( x)
x i+1=x i−
f ' (x)

RESULTX
BISECTION METHODXTable 1: Result of Bisection Method

Iteration Xl Xr Xu Yl Yr Yu Ea

1 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 - -8.984E- 0.000168 0

0.00019 06
2 0.002 0.00225 0.0025 -9E-06 7.943E-05 0.000168 0.111111
3 0.002 0.002125 0.00225 -9E-06 3.525E-05 7.94E-05 -0.05882
4 0.002 0.002063 0.002125 -9E-06 1.314E-05 3.52E-05 -0.0303
5 0.002 0.002032 0.002063 -9E-06 2.166E-06 1.33E-05 -0.01526
6 0.002 0.002016 0.002032 -9E-06 -3.32E-06 2.34E-06 -0.00769
7 0.002016 0.002024 0.002032 -3.3E-06 -4.883E- 2.34E-06 0.003953
07
8 0.002024 0.002028 0.002032 -4.9E-07 9.275E-07 2.34E-06 0.001972
9 0.002024 0.002026 0.002028 -4.9E-07 2.196E-07 9.28E-07 -0.00099
10 0.002024 0.002025 0.002026 -4.9E-07 -1.343E- 2.2E-07 -0.00049
07
11 0.002025 0.002026 0.002026 -1.3E-07 4.264E-08 2.2E-07 0.000247

NEW-RAPHSON METHOD
XTable 2: Result of New-Raphson Method

Iteration Xo Yo Ynew Xnew Ea

1 0.0015 -0.00019 0.355514 0.002024 0

2 0.002024 -4.9E-07 0.353953 0.002025 0.0005712

DISCUSSION
 Based on the experiment conducted, we have to find the thickness of the cylinder by used
the methods that we have learned in the numerical class.We have used two methods to find the
thickness of the cylinder, the X .The methods are the new raphson method (open method) and
bisection method (bracketing method). Comparison have been made through the experiment.

Through the bisection method, we must set the interval for the graph we get through the
equation of cylinder. Then we need to reduce the range interval until we get the error below
than 0.05% .The graph we have got by google search through the equation of cylinder.

The new raphson method starts with a function f defined over the real numbers x, the
function's derivative f ′, and an initial guess x0 for a root of the function f. If the function
satisfies the assumptions made in the derivation of the formula and the initial guess is close,

f ( x)
then a better approximation x1 is x i+1=x i− .Geometrically, (x1, 0) is the intersection of
f ' (x)
the x-axis and the tangent of the graph of f at (x0, f (x0)).The process is repeated until a
sufficiently accurate value is reached.

According to comparisons that have been made through the calculation, we find that the
open method (new raphson method) is a more effective method of searching for the thickness
for the cylinder than the bracketing method (bisection method).Bisection method requires 11
times iteration to obtain the root where the error is below 0.05% while the new raphson
method only requires 2 times. This is a very significant difference.

CONCLUSION
 After conducting the experiment, we have successfully solved the problem related to the
cylinder by bracketing method and open method. The error of the root for both methods is
lower than 0.05% according to the predefined criteria. We have also been able to differentiate
and discover the best way of solving the problem. We can say that open method is the best
and easy method of finding the desired root as it only requires 2 iterations instead of
bracketing method which requires 11 iteration. We can conclude that open method can start at
any point but bracketing method need boundaries to perform it. Open method converge faster
but have high possibility to diverge. The bracketing method converged slower than open
methodThe experiment conducted basically successful and acceptable.