Chemistry As Level P 1 MCQs Classified T

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Title Classified A- Level Chemistry Paper-1 MCQ’s
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CONTENTS
UNIT 1 ATOMS, MOLECULES AND STOICHIOMETRY ------------------------------------------------------- 20
1.1 The mole and the Avogadro constant --------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
1.2 The determination of relative atoms masses ------------------------------------------------------------- 26
1.3 The calculation of empirical and molecular formulae -------------------------------------------------- 28
1.4 Reaching masses of empirical and molecular formulae ----------------------------------------------- 31
1.5 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45
UNIT 2 ATOMIC STRTUCTURE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46

2.1 Particles in the atom -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46
2.2 Electrons energy levels, atomic orbitals, ionisation energy, electron affinity --------------------- 52
2.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98
UNIT 3 CHEMICAL BONDING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69

3.1 Ionic bonding ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69
Covalent bonding and co-ordinate (dative covalent bonding including shapes of simple
3.2 70
molecules ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.3 Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties ---------------------------------------- 84
3.4 Metallic bonding ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
3.5 Binding and physical properties ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 92
3.6 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97
Answer Section ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 102
UNIT 4 STATES OF MATTER ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103

4.1 The gaseous state ideal and real gases and pV = nRT ----------------------------------------------- 103
4.2 The solid state lattice structures ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115
4.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 116
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117
UNIT 5 CHEMICAL ENERGETICS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 118

5.1 Enthalpy change ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 118
5.2 Hess’ Law, including Born-Haber cycles ------------------------------------------------------------------ 142
5.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 148
UNIT 6 ELECTROCHEMISTRY --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 149

6.1 Redox processes, electron transfer and changes in oxidation number (oxidation state) ------ 149
6.2 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 158
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 160
UNIT 7 EQUILIBRIA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 161

7.1 Chemical equilibrium, reversible reactions; dynamic equilibrium ----------------------------------- 161
7.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 186
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 189
UNIT 8 REACTION KINETICS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190

8.1 Simple rate equations; orders of reaction; rate constants -------------------------------------------- 190
8.2 Effect of temperature on reaction rates and rate constant; the concept of activation energy 194
8.3 Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis including enzymes ----------------------------------- 204
8.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 207
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 214
UNIT 9 THE PERIODIC TABLE: CHEMICAL PERIODICTY -------------------------------------------------- 215

9.1 Periodicity of physical properties of the elements in the third period ------------------------------ 215
9.2 Periodicity of chemistry properties of the elements in the third period ---------------------------- 229
9.3 Chemical periodicity of other elements -------------------------------------------------------------------- 237
9.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 243
UNIT 10 GROUP 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 244

10.1 Similarities and trends in the properties of the Group 2 metals, magnesium to barium, and 244
their compounds -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.2 Some uses of Group 2 compounds ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 254
10.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 258
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 262
UNIT 11 GROUP 17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263

11.1 Physical properties of the Group 17 elements ----------------------------------------------------------- 263
11.2 The chemical properties of the elements and their hydrides ----------------------------------------- 267
11.3 Some reactions of the halide ions --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 272
11.4 The reactions of chlorine with aqueous sodium hydroxide ------------------------------------------- 279
11.5 Some important uses of the halogens and of halogen commands --------------------------------- 282
11.6 Multiple Topic ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 283
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 285
UNIT 12 COLOUR OF COMPLEXES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 286

12.1 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 286
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 287
UNIT 13 NITROGEN AND SULFUR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 288

13.1 Nitrogen ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 288
13.2 Sulfur: The formation of atmospheric sulfur dioxide, its role in acid rain -------------------------- 292
13.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 297
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 306
UNIT 14 AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ---------------------------------------------------- 307

14.1 Formulae, functional groups and the naming of organic compounds ------------------------------ 307
14.2 Characteristic organic reactions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 309
14.3 Isomerism, structural and stereoisomerism -------------------------------------------------------------- 311
14.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 326
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 329
UNIT 15 HYDROCARBNONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 330

15.1 Alkanes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 330
15.2 Alkenes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 339
15.3 Hydrocarbons as fuel ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 353
15.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 354
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 362
UNIT 16 HALOGEN DERIVATIVES ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 363
16.1 Halogenalkanes and halogenoarenes --------------------------------------------------------------------- 363
16.2 Relative strength of the C-Hal bound ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 378
16.3 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 382
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 390
UNIT 17 HYDROXY COMPOUNDS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 391

17.1 Alcohols ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 391
17.2 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 418
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 420
UNIT 18 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 421

18.1 Aldehydes and ketones --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 421
18.2 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 435
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 450
UNIT 19 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES -------------------------------------------------------------- 451

19.1 Carboxylic acids ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 451
19.2 Acyl chlorides ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 458
19.3 Esters -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 460
19.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 474
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 479
UNIT 20 NITROGEN COMPOUNDS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 480

20.1 Primary amines -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 480
20.2 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 481
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 482
UNIT 21 POLYMERISATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 483

21.1 Predicating the type of polymerization --------------------------------------------------------------------- 483
21.2 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 485
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 488
UNIT 22 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 489

22.1 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 489
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 490
UNIT 23 ORGANIC SYNTHESIS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 491

23.1 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 491
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 492
YEARLY PAST PAPERS 493

May/June 2017 Paper 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 493
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 502
October/November 2017 Paper 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 503
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 513
May/June 2018 Paper 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 514
October/November 2018 Paper 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 522
May/June 2019 Paper 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 532
Answers Section ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 542
Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 20 1.1 Mole and the Avogadro constant
Read & Write Publications
Unit 1 Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry
1.1 The mole and the Avogadro constant

1. O/N 16/P13/Q12, O/N 16/P11/Q12
1.15 g of a metallic element needs 300 cm3 of oxygen for complete reaction, at 298 K and 1 atm pressure, to form an oxide
which contains O2– ions.
What could be the identity of this metallic element?
A calcium B magnesium C potassium D sodium
2. M/J 16/P13/Q26
Which volume of oxygen, at room temperature and pressure, is needed for complete combustion of 1.0 mol of
methylpropan-1-ol?
A 108 dm3 B 144 dm3 C 156 dm3 D 288 dm3
3. M/J 16/P12/Q18
An excess of chlorine gas, Cl2, is passed through 60 cm3 of cold aqueous 0.1 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide. In a separate
experiment an excess of chlorine gas is passed through 60 cm3 of hot aqueous 0.1 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide until no
further reaction takes place.
How much more sodium chloride will be produced by the reaction with hot NaOH than with cold NaOH?
A 0.002 moles B 0.003 moles C 0.005 moles D 0.006 moles
4. M/J 15/P12/Q26
Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
2.40 g of propan-2-ol were mixed with excess acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The reaction mixture was then boiled
under reflux for twenty minutes. The organic product was then collected by distillation. The yield of product was 75.0%.
What mass of product was collected?
A 1.74 g B 1.80 g C 2.22 g D 2.32 g
5. O/N 13/P13/Q11
Which calcium compound contains 54.1% by mass of calcium?
A calcium hydroxide B calcium nitrate C calcium oxide D calcium sulfate
6. O/N 13/P12/Q10
Which sodium compound contains 74.2% by mass of sodium?
A sodium carbonate B sodium chloride C sodium hydroxide D sodium oxide
7. M/J 13/P13/Q27
Which volume of oxygen, at room temperature and pressure, is needed for complete combustion of 0.1 mol of
ethanol?
A 7.2 dm3 B 8.4 dm3 C 14.4 dm3 D 16.8 dm3
8. M/J 13/P11/Q26
2.30 g of ethanol were mixed with an excess of aqueous acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The reaction mixture was
then boiled under reflux for one hour. The desired organic product was then collected by distillation. The yield of product
was 60.0 %.
A 1.32 g B 1.38 g C 1.80 g D 3.20 g
9. O/N 11/P12/Q26
Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question
2.30 g of ethanol were mixed with aqueous acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The desired product was collected by
immediate distillation under gentle warming.
The yield of product was 70.0 %.
A 1.54 g B 1.61 g C 2.10 g D 3.14 g
10. O/N 10/P13/Q15, O/N 10/P11/Q15

Ammonium sulfate in nitrogenous fertilisers in the soil can be slowly oxidised by air producing
sulfuric acid, nitric acid and water.
How many moles of oxygen gas are needed to oxidise completely one mole of ammonium
sulfate?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
11. O/N 10/P13/Q5, O/N 10/P11/Q5

Nickel makes up 20 % of the total mass of a coin. The coin has a mass of 10.0 g.
How many nickel atoms are in the coin?
A 2.05  1022 B 4.30  1022 C 1.03  1023 D 1.20  1024
12. O/N 10/P11/Q15

Ammonium sulfate in nitrogenous fertilisers in the soil can be slowly oxidised by air producing sulfuric acid, nitric acid and
water.
How many moles of oxygen gas are needed to oxidise completely one mole of ammonium sulfate?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
13. M/J 10/P12/Q16, M/J 10/P11/Q18, M/J 10/P13/Q19

Which element of the third period requires the least number of moles of oxygen for the complete combustion of 1 mol of
the element?
A aluminium B magnesium C phosphorus D sodium
14. M/J 08/P1/Q1, O/N 12/P13/Q9

In the Basic Oxygen steel-making process the P4O10 impurity is removed by reacting it with calcium oxide. The only
product of this reaction is the salt calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2.
In this reaction, how many moles of calcium oxide react with one mole of P4O10?
A 1 B 1.5 C 3 D 6
15. O/N 07/P1/Q1

When a sports medal with a total surface area of 150 cm2 was evenly coated with silver, using electrolysis, its mass
increased by 0.216 g.
How many atoms of silver were deposited per cm2 on the surface of the medal?
A 8.0  1018 B 1.8  1019 C 1.2  1021 D 4.1  1022
16. M/J 06/P1/Q1

N2O4 is a poisonous gas. It can be disposed of safely by reaction with sodium hydroxide.
N2O4(g) + 2NaOH(aq)  NaNO3(aq) + NaNO2(aq) + H2O(l)
What is the minimum volume of 0.5 mol dm–3 NaOH(aq) needed to dispose of 0.02 mol of N2O4?
A 8 cm3 B 12.5 cm3 C 40 cm3 D 80 cm3
17. O/N 05/P1/Q1

The petrol additive tetraethyl-lead(IV), Pb(C2H5)4, is now banned in many countries. When it is completely burned in air,
lead(II) oxide, CO2 and H2O are formed.
How many moles of oxygen are required to burn one mole of Pb(C2H5)4?
A 9.5 B 11 C 13.5 D 27
18. O/N 06/P1/Q1

The amount of calcium ions in a sample of natural water can be determined by using an ion- exchange column as shown
in the diagram.
A 50 cm3 sample of water containing dissolved calcium sulphate was passed through the ion- exchange resin. Each
calcium ion in the sample was exchanged for two hydrogen ions. The resulting acidic solution collected in the flask
required 25 cm3 of 1.0  10-2 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide for complete neutralisation.
What was the concentration of the calcium sulphate in the original sample?
A 2.5  10-3 mol dm-3 B 1.0  10-2 mol dm-3 C 2.0  10-2 mol dm-3 D 4.0  10-2 mol dm-3
19. M/J 05/P1/Q2

On collision, airbags in cars inflate rapidly due to the production of nitrogen.
The nitrogen is formed according to the following equations.
2NaN3  2Na + 3N2
10Na + 2KNO3  K2O + 5Na2O + N2
How many moles of nitrogen gas are produced from 1 mol of sodium azide, NaN3?
A 1.5 B 1.6 C 3.2 D 4.0
20. O/N 04/P1/Q19

Ammonium sulphate in nitrogenous fertilisers in the soil can be slowly oxidised by air producing sulphuric acid, nitric
acid and water. How many moles of oxygen are needed to oxidise completely one mole of ammonium sulphate?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
21. O/N 03/P1/Q1

Analytical chemists can detect very small amounts of amino acids, down to 3 × 10-21 mol. How many molecules of an
amino acid (Mr = 200) would this be?
A 9 B 200 C 1800 D 360 000
22. M/J 03/P1/Q1

What is the number of molecules in 500 cm3 of oxygen under room conditions?
A 1.25  1022 B 1.34  1022 C 3.0  1022 D 3.0  1026
23. M/J 14/P11/Q40, O/N 10/P12/Q39

In an organic synthesis, a 62% yield of product is achieved.
Which conversions are consistent with this information?
1 74.00 g of butan-2-ol  44.64 g of butanone
2 74.00 g of butan-1-ol  54.56 g of butanoic acid
3 74.00 g of 2-methylpropan-1-ol  54.56 g of 2-methylpropanoic acid
24. O/N 12/P13/Q34

An element X and compound YZ react separately with acid as shown.
X(s) + 2H+(aq) 
 X2+(aq) + H2(g)
YZ(s) + 2H+(aq)   Y2+(aq) + H2Z(g)

When 1.0 g of either X or YZ is reacted with an excess of acid, the total volume of gas formed is the same.
Which statements are correct?
1 Ar(X) = Mr(YZ)
2 X and Y are metals.
3 X and Y must both be in the same Group of the Periodic Table.
25. M/J 12/P13/Q37, M/J 12/P11/Q38

A number of alcohols with the formula C4H10O are separately oxidised. Using 70 g of the alcohols a 62 % yield of organic
product is achieved.
What mass of product could be obtained?
1 42.2 g of butanone
2 51.6 g of butanoic acid
3 51.6 g of 2-methyl propanoic acid
26. O/N 11/P12/Q36

In a car engine, non-metallic element X forms a pollutant oxide Y.
Further oxidation of Y to Z occurs spontaneously in the atmosphere. In this further oxidation,
1 mol of Y reacts with 0.5 mol of gaseous oxygen.
Which statements about X, Y and Z are correct?
1 The oxidation number of X increases by 2 from Y to Z.
2 The molecule of Y has no unpaired electrons.
3 The molecule of Z contains three oxygen atoms.
27. M/J 11/P12/Q36

In a car engine pollutant oxide Y, which contains non-metallic element X, is formed.
Further oxidation of Y to Z occurs in the atmosphere. In this further oxidation, 1 mol of Y reacts with 0.5 mol of gaseous
oxygen.
X could be either nitrogen or sulfur.
Which statements about X, Y and Z can be correct?
1 The oxidation number of X increases by two from Y to Z.
2 Y may have an unpaired electron in its molecule.
3 Y is a polar molecule.
28. M/J 11/P11/Q33, M/J 11/P13/Q32

Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following equation.
Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
[All volumes are measured at room conditions.]
1 A 3.27 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 0.050 mol of zinc chloride.
2 A 6.54 g sample of zinc reacts completely with exactly 100 cm3 of 1.00 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
3 A 13.08 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 9.60 dm3 of hydrogen.
29. O/N 10/P12/Q39

Use of the Data Booklet is relevant for this question.
In an organic synthesis, a 62% yield of product is achieved.
Which of these conversions are consistent with this information?
1 74.00g of butan-2-ol  44.64 g of butanone
2 74.00g of butan-1-ol  54.56 g of butanoic acid
3 74.00g of 2-methylpropan-1-ol  54.56 g of 2-methylpropanoic acid
30. O/N 10/P12/Q34

A student puts 10 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid into one test-tube and 10 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid into
another test-tube. He then adds 1.0 g (an excess) of magnesium ribbon to each test-tube and takes suitable
measurements. Both acids have the same starting temperature.
Neither reaction is complete after 2 minutes, but both are complete after 20 minutes.
1 After 2 minutes, the sulfuric acid is at a higher temperature than the ethanoic acid.
2 After 2 minutes, the sulfuric acid has produced more gas than the ethanoic acid.
3 After 20 minutes, the sulfuric acid has produced more gas than the ethanoic acid.
31. O/N 09/P12/Q40

A monomer undergoes addition polymerisation. A 1 mol sample of the monomer is completely polymerised.
How many moles of polymer might, theoretically, be formed?
1
1 1 2 10-6 3
23
6.02  10
Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 26 1.2 Determination of relative atomic masses
1.2 The determination of relative atomic masses
32. O/N 09/P12/Q30, O/N 09/P11/Q1

An element X consists of four isotopes. The mass spectrum of X is shown in the diagram.
What is the relative atomic mass of X?

A 91.00 B 91.30 C 91.75 D 92.00
33. M/J 07/P1/Q1

The isotopic composition of an element is indicated below.
What is the relative atomic mass of the element?

A 10.2 B 10.5 C 10.8 D 11.0
34. O/N 04/P1/Q2

The diagram shows the mass spectrum of a sample of zinc. Use the data to calculate the relative atomic mass of the
sample.
A 65 B 65.25 C 65.5 D 65.66

Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 27 1.2 Determination of relative atomic masses
35. M/J 06/P1/Q2

A sample of chlorine containing isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37 was analysed in a
mass-spectrometer.
How many peaks corresponding to Cl+ were recorded?
2
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5
36. M/J 02/P1/Q3

The diagram shows the mass spectrum of a sample of naturally-occurring copper.
What is the relative atomic mass of this copper?

A 63.3 B 63.5 C 63.6 D 64.0
Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 28 1.3 Calculation of empirical and molecular formulae
1.3 The calculation of empirical and molecular formulae
37. M/J 16/P13/Q4

The relative atomic mass of copper is 63.5.
Which chart is a correct mass spectrum that would lead to this value?
A C
B D
38. O/N 15/P13/Q9, O/N 15/P11/Q9

Hexamine is a crystalline solid used as a fuel in portable stoves.
The diagram shows its skeletal structure.
What is the empirical formula of hexamine?

A CH2N B C3H6N2 C C4H8N4 D C6H12N4
39. O/N 14/P11/Q6, O/N 14/P12/Q6

Aluminium carbide, Al4C3, reacts readily with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two products of the reaction are NaAlO2
and a hydrocarbon. Water molecules are also involved as reactants.
What is the formula of the hydrocarbon?
A CH4 B C2H6 C C3H8 D C6H12
40. M/J 14/P12/Q20

The diagram shows the skeletal formula of phenazine.
What is the empirical formula of phenazine?

A C6H4N B C6H6N C C12H8N2 D C12H12N2
41. M/J 13/P13/Q9

Which formula represents the empirical formula of a compound?
A CH4O B C2H4 C C6H12 D H2O2
42. M/J 13/P11/Q2, O/N 02/P1/Q1

A mixture of 10 cm3 of methane and 10 cm3 of ethane was sparked with an excess of oxygen. After cooling to room
temperature, the residual gas was passed through aqueous potassium hydroxide.
All gas volumes were measured at the same temperature and pressure.
What volume of gas was absorbed by the alkali?
A 15 cm3 B 20 cm3 C 30 cm3 D 40 cm3
43. O/N 10/P13/Q22, O/N 10/P11/Q21, O/N 13/P13/Q28

Compound X reacts with ethanoic acid in the presence of an H+ catalyst to produce the compound below.
What is the molecular formula of compound X?

A C2H6O2 B C2H6O3 C C4H8O D C4H8O2
44. O/N 10/P13/Q14, O/N 10/P11/Q12

Camphor is a white solid which was used to make the early plastic celluloid. Camphor contains the same percentage
by mass of hydrogen and oxygen.
What is the molecular formula of camphor?
A C10H6O6 B C10H8O C C10H16O D C10H10O2
45. O/N 10/P11/Q12

Camphor is a white solid which was used to make the early plastic celluloid. Camphor contains the same percentage
by mass of hydrogen and oxygen.
What is the molecular formula of camphor?
A C10H6O6 B C10H8O C C10H16O D C10H10O2
46. O/N 09/P12/Q18, O/N 09/P11/Q19, M/J 13/P13/Q18, M/J 05/P1/Q18

In an historically famous experiment Wöhler heated ‘inorganic’ ammonium cyanate in the absence of air. The only
product of the reaction was ‘organic’ urea, CO(NH2)2. No other products were formed in the reaction.
What is the formula of the cyanate ion present in ammonium cyanate?
A CNO– B CNO2– C CO– D NO–
47. O/N 09/P12/Q1, O/N 09/P11/Q2

0.200 mol of a hydrocarbon undergo complete combustion to give 35.2 g of carbon dioxide and
14.4 g of water as the only products.
What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon?
A C2H4 B C2H6 C C4H4 D C4H8
48. O/N 09/P11/Q2

0.200 mol of a hydrocarbon undergo complete combustion to give 35.2 g of carbon dioxide and 14.4 g of water as
the only products.
What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon?
49. M/J 09/P1/Q1

In leaded petrol there is an additive composed of lead, carbon and hydrogen only. This compound contains 29.7%
carbon and 6.19% hydrogen by mass.
What is the value of x in the empirical formula PbC8HX?
A 5 B 6 C 16 D 20
50. M/J 07/P1/Q18

A solid nitrate fertiliser reacts with an alkali to produce a gas which turns damp pH paper blue.
What is the empirical formula of this fertiliser?
A NO3 B NHO3 C NH2O D N2H4O3
51. O/N 03/P1/Q2

A garden fertiliser is said to have a phosphorus content of 30.0% ‘P2O5 soluble in water’. What is the percentage by
mass of phosphorus in the fertiliser?
A 6.55% B 13.1 % C 26.2% D 30.0%
52. M/J 02/P1/Q2

As a simplification, an adult human can be considered to have a daily diet of 1.80 kg of carbohydrate (empirical
formula CH2O). Which mass of carbon dioxide does a person produce each day if all the carbohydrate eaten is
digested and oxidised?
A 0.267 kg B 0.800 kg C 1.32 kg D 2.64 kg
Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 31 1.4 Reacting masses and volumes
1.4 Reacting masses and volumes (of solutions and gases)
53. O/N 16/P11/Q16, M/J 13/P11/Q16, O/N 16/P13/Q16

Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, will decompose when heated to give a white solid and a mixture of gases. One of the
gases released is an oxide of nitrogen, X.
7.4 g of anhydrous magnesium nitrate is heated until no further reaction takes place.
What mass of X is produced?
A 1.5 g B 2.3 g C 3.0 g D 4.6 g
54. M/J 16/P13/Q3

Which mass of urea, CO(NH2)2, contains the same mass of nitrogen as 101.1g of potassium nitrate?
A 22g B 30g C 44g D 60g
55. M/J 16/P11/Q3

Tetraethyl lead, Pb(C2H5)4, has been used as a petrol additive.
What is the percentage by mass of carbon in tetraethyl lead?
A 10.2 B 14.9 C 29.7 D 32.0
56. O/N 15/P12/Q19

4.70 g of an ammonium salt is heated with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide. The volume of
ammonia gas given off, measured at room temperature and pressure, is 1.41 dm3.
Which ammonium salt was used?
A ammonium bromide (Mr = 97.9) C ammonium nitrate (Mr = 80)
B ammonium carbonate (Mr = 96) D ammonium sulfate (Mr = 132.1)
57. O/N 15/P12/Q16, M/J 04/P1/Q18

Brine is concentrated aqueous sodium chloride.
In the commercial electrolysis of brine, the products are chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.
What is the maximum yield of each of these products when 58.5 kg of sodium chloride are electrolysed as brine?
58. O/N 15/P12/Q13, M/J 12/P11/Q14, M/J 12/P13/Q15

The reaction between aluminium powder and anhydrous barium nitrate is used as the propellant in some fireworks.
The metal oxides and nitrogen are the only products.
Which volume of nitrogen, measured under room conditions, is produced when 0.783 g of
anhydrous barium nitrate reacts with an excess of aluminium?
A 46.8 cm3 B 72.0 cm3 C 93.6 cm3 D 144 cm3
59. M/J 15/P13/Q10

1.00 g of a metallic element reacts completely with 300 cm3 of oxygen at 298 K and 1 atm pressure to form an oxide
which contains O2- ions.
The volume of one mole of gas at this temperature and pressure is 24.0 dm3.
What could be the identity of the metal?
A calcium B magnesium C potassium D sodium
60. M/J 15/P11/Q19

Which mass of solid residue will be obtained from the thermal decomposition of 4.10 g of anhydrous calcium nitrate?
A 0.70 g B 1.00 g C 1.40 g D 2.25 g
61. M/J 15/P11/Q3

1.00 g of carbon is combusted in a limited supply of pure oxygen. 0.50 g of the carbon combusts to form CO2 and
0.50 g of the carbon combusts to form CO.
The resultant mixture of CO2 and CO is passed through excess NaOH(aq) and the remaining gas is then dried and
collected.
What is the volume of the remaining gas? (All gas volumes are measured at 25 oC and
1 atmosphere pressure.)
A 1 dm3 B 1.5 dm3 C 2 dm3 D 3 dm3
62. O/N 14/P13/Q12

What is the ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous sodium carbonate and dilute nitric acid?
A 2HNO3(aq) + CO32–(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g) + 2NO3–(aq)
B 2H+(aq) + CO32–(aq)  CO2(g) + H2O(l)
C 2HNO3(aq) + Na2CO3(aq)  2NaNO3(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
D 2HNO2(aq) + CO32–(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g) + 2NO2–(aq)
63. O/N 14/P13/Q8

Ferrochrome is an alloy of iron and chromium. Ferrochrome can be dissolved in dilute sulfuric acid to produce a
mixture of FeSO4 and Cr2(SO4)3. The FeSO4 reacts with K2Cr2O7 in acid solution according to the following equation.
14H+ + 6Fe2+ + Cr2O72–  2Cr3+ + 6Fe3+ + 7H2O
When 1.00 g of ferrochrome is dissolved in dilute sulfuric acid, and the resulting solution titrated, 13.1 cm3 of 0.100
mol dm–3 K2Cr2O7 is required for complete reaction.
What is the percentage by mass of Fe in the sample of ferrochrome?
A 1.22 B 4.39 C 12.2 D 43.9
64. O/N 14/P12/Q15, O/N 14/P11/Q15

A sample of potassium oxide, K2O, is dissolved in 250 cm3 of distilled water. 25.0 cm3 of this solution is titrated
against sulfuric acid of concentration 2.00 mol dm–3. 15.0 cm3 of this sulfuric acid is needed for complete
neutralisation.
Which mass of potassium oxide was originally dissolved in 250 cm3 of distilled water?
A 2.83 g B 28.3 g C 47.1 g D 56.6 g
65. M/J 14/P13/Q17

In an experiment, 0.6 mol of chlorine gas, Cl2, is reacted with an excess of hot aqueous sodium hydroxide. One of
the products is a compound of sodium, oxygen and chlorine.
Which mass of this product is formed?
A 21.3 g B 44.7 g C 63.9 g D 128 g
66. O/N 17/P12/Q16, M/J 14/P12/Q19

In an experiment, 0.125 mol of chlorine gas, Cl2, is reacted with an excess of cold aqueous sodium hydroxide. One
of the products is a compound of sodium, oxygen, and chlorine.
Which mass of this product is formed?
A 9.31 g B 13.3 g C 18.6 g D 26.6 g
67. M/J 14/P12/Q14

Ammonium sulfate in the soil is slowly oxidised by air, producing sulfuric acid, nitric acid and water as the only
products. How many moles of oxygen gas are needed for the complete oxidation of one mole of ammonium sulfate?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
68. M/J 14/P12/Q9

In an experiment, 12.0 dm3 of oxygen, measured under room conditions, is used to burn completely 0.10 mol of
propan-1-ol.
What is the final volume of gas, measured under room conditions?
A 7.20 dm3 B 8.40 dm3 C 16.8 dm3 D 18.00 dm3
69. M/J 14/P11/Q18

A chemist took 2.00 dm3 of nitrogen gas, measured under room conditions, and reacted it with a large volume of
hydrogen gas, in order to produce ammonia. Only 15.0% of the nitrogen gas reacted to produce ammonia.
What mass of ammonia was formed?
A 0.213 g B 0.425 g C 1.42 g D 2.83 g
70. O/N 13/P13/Q12

The reaction between aluminium powder and anhydrous barium nitrate is used as the propellant in some fireworks.
The reaction produces the metal oxides and nitrogen.
10Al + 3Ba(NO3)2  5Al2O3 + 3BaO + 3N2
Which mass of barium oxide is produced when 5.40 g of aluminium powder reacts with an excess of anhydrous
barium nitrate?
A 1.62 g B 3.06 g C 9.18 g D 10.2 g
71. O/N 13/P11/Q10

Which sodium compound contains 74.2 % by mass of sodium?
A sodium carbonate B sodium chloride C sodium hydroxide D sodium oxide
72. M/J 13/P13/Q10

A washing powder contains sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, as one of the ingredients. In a titration, a solution
containing 1.00 g of washing powder requires 7.15 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid for complete reaction. The
sodium hydrogencarbonate is the only ingredient that reacts with the acid.
What is the percentage by mass of sodium hydrogencarbonate in the washing powder?
A 3.0 B 6.0 C 12.0 D 24.0
73. M/J 13/P12/Q13

Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, will decompose when heated to give a white solid and a mixture of gases. One of the
gases released is oxygen.
29.7 g of anhydrous magnesium nitrate is heated until no further reaction takes place.
What mass of oxygen is produced?
A 3.2 g B 6.4 g C 12.8 g D 19.2 g
74. M/J 13/P11/Q11

A solution of Sn2+ ions will reduce an acidified solution of MnO4– ions to Mn2+ ions. The Sn2+ ions are oxidised to Sn4+
ions in this reaction.
How many moles of Mn2+ ions are formed when a solution containing 9.5 g of SnCl2 (Mr: 190) is added to an excess of
acidified KMnO4 solution?
A 0.010 B 0.020 C 0.050 D 0.125
75. O/N 11/P13/Q15, O/N 11/P11/Q14

A significant contribution to atmospheric carbon dioxide levels comes from the thermal decomposition of limestone,
in the manufacture of cement and of lime for agricultural purposes.
Cement works roast 1000 million tonnes of limestone per year and a further 200 million tonnes is roasted in kilns to
make lime.
What is the total annual mass output of carbon dioxide (in million tonnes) from these two processes?
A 440 B 527 C 660 D 880
76. O/N 11/P11/Q14

A significant contribution to atmospheric carbon dioxide levels comes from the thermal decomposition of limestone,
in the manufacture of cement and of lime for agricultural purposes.
Cement works roast 1000 million tonnes of limestone per year and a further 200 million tonnes is roasted in kilns to
make lime.
A 440 B 527 C 660 D 880
77. O/N 11/P11/Q9, O/N 11/P13/Q12

An aqueous solution was prepared containing 1.0 mol of AgNO3 and 1.0 mol of FeSO4 in 1.00 dm3 of water. When
equilibrium was established, there was 0.44 mol of Ag+(aq) in the mixture.
Ag+(aq) + Fe2+(aq)  Ag(s) + Fe3+(aq)
What is the numerical value of Kc?
A 0.35 B 0.62 C 1.62 D 2.89
78. O/N 11/P11/Q2, O/N 11/P13/Q1

Lead(IV) chloride will oxidise bromide ions to bromine. The Pb4+ ions are reduced to Pb2+ ions in this reaction.
If 6.980 g of lead(IV) chloride is added to an excess of sodium bromide solution, what mass of bromine would be
produced?
A 0.799 g B 1.598 g C 3.196 g D 6.392 g
79. M/J 11/P13/Q12, M/J 11/P11/Q13

0.02 mol of aluminium is burned in oxygen and the product is reacted with 2.00 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
What minimum volume of acid will be required for complete reaction?
A 15 cm3 B 20 cm3 C 30 cm3 D 60 cm3
80. M/J 11/P12/Q11

0.144 g of an aluminium compound X react with an excess of water, to produce a gas. This gas burns completely in
O2 to form H2O and 72 cm3 of CO2 only. The volume of CO2 was measured at room temperature and pressure.
What could be the formula of X?
[C = 12.0, Al = 27.0; 1 mole of any gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure]
A Al2C3 B Al3C4 C Al4C3 D Al5C3
81. M/J 11/P12/Q10

Tanzanite is used as a gemstone for jewellery. It is a hydrated calcium aluminium silicate mineral with a chemical formula
Ca2AlxSiyO12(OH).6 1 H2O. Tanzanite has Mr of 571.5.
2
Its chemical composition is 14.04% calcium, 14.17% aluminium, 14.75% silicon, 54.59% oxygen and 2.45%
hydrogen.
(Ar values: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Al = 27.0, Si = 28.1, Ca = 40.1)
What are the values of x and y?
82. O/N 10/P12/Q14

Which mass of solid residue can be obtained from the thermal decomposition of 4.10 g of anhydrous calcium nitrate?
A 0.70 g B 1.00 g C 1.40 g D 2.25 g
83. M/J 10/P13/Q9, M/J 10/P12/Q8, M/J 10/P11/Q8

2.920 g of a Group II metal, X, reacts with an excess of chlorine to form 5.287 g of a compound with formula XCl2.
What is metal X?
A barium B calcium C magnesium D strontium
84. O/N 08/P1/Q1

Titanium(IV) oxide, TiO2, is brilliantly white and much of the oxide produced is used in the manufacture of paint.
What is the maximum amount of TiO2 obtainable from 19.0 tonnes of the ore ilmenite, FeTiO3?
A 10.0 tonnes B 12.7 tonnes C 14.0 tonnes D 17.7 tonnes
85. O/N 06/P1/Q4

Samples of 10 cm3 of each of the first four members of the alkane series are separately mixed with 70 cm3 of
oxygen. Each is then burned and the total volume, V, of residual gas measured again at room temperature and
pressure.
Which graph represents the results that would be obtained?
A C
B D
86. M/J 06/P1/Q16

What mass of solid residue can be obtained from the thermal decomposition of 4.10 g of
anhydrous calcium nitrate?
A 0.70 g B 1.00 g C 1.40 g D 2.25 g
87. M/J 05/P1/Q1

A pure hydrocarbon is used in bottled gas for cooking and heating.
When 10 cm3 of the hydrocarbon is burned in 70 cm3 of oxygen (an excess), the final gaseous mixture contains 30
cm3 of carbon dioxide and 20 cm3 of unreacted oxygen. All gaseous volumes were measured under identical
conditions.
What is the formula of the hydrocarbon?
88. O/N 04/P1/Q3

The foul smell that skunks spray is due to a number of thiols, one of which is methanethiol,
CH3SH, which burns as follows.
A sample of 10 cm3 of methanethiol was exploded with 60 cm3 of oxygen.

What would be the final volume of the resultant mixture of gases when cooled to room
temperature?
A 20 cm3 B 30 cm3 C 50 cm3 D 70 cm3
89. M/J 04/P1/Q18

In the commercial electrolysis of brine, the products are chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.
What is the maximum yield of each of these products when 58.5 kg of sodium chloride are electrolysed as brine?
90. M/J 04/P1/Q9

Which substance, in 1 mol dm–3 aqueous solution, would have the same hydrogen ion concentration as 1 mol dm–3
of hydrochloric acid?
A ethanoic acid B nitric acid C sodium hydroxide D sulphuric acid
91. M/J 04/P1/Q1

Which of these samples of gas contains the same number of atoms as 1g of hydrogen (Mr : H2, 2)?
A 22g of carbon dioxide (Mr : CO2, 44) C 20g of neon (Mr : Ne, 20)
B 8g of methane (Mr : CH4, 16) D 8g of ozone (Mr : O3, 48)
92. O/N 03/P1/Q15

One mole of each of the following compounds is strongly heated and any gas produced is collected at room
temperature and pressure.
From which compound is 24dm3 of gas likely to be collected?
[One mole of any gas occupies 24dm3 at room temperature and pressure.]
A MgCl2 B MgCO3 C Mg(NO3)2 D Mg(OH)2
93. M/J 16/P12/Q31

In an experiment, 10 cm3 of an organic compound, J, in the gaseous state was sparked with an excess of oxygen. 20
cm3 of carbon dioxide and 5 cm3 of nitrogen were obtained among the products. All gas volumes were measured at
the same temperature and pressure.
What could be the identity of J?
1 C2H6N2
2 C2H3N
3 C2H7N
94. M/J 08/P1/Q31

For complete combustion, 1 mol of an organic compound X was found to require 2.5 mol of
molecular oxygen.
Which compounds could be X?
1 C2H5OH
2 C2H2
3 CH3CHO
Classified A-Level Chemistry Paper-1 38 1.5 Multiple Topics
1.5 Multiple Topics
95. O/N 16/P12/Q3

People are advised to eat less than 6.00 g of salt (sodium chloride) per day for health reasons.
Which mass of sodium is present in 6.00 g of sodium chloride?
A 0.261 g B 2.36 g C 3.64 g D 3.88 g
96. O/N 16/P11/Q7, O/N 16/P13/Q7

The approximate percentage composition of the atmospheres on four different planets is given in the table below.
Which mixture of gases has the greatest density?
97. M/J 16/P13/Q15, M/J 13/P13/Q12

Anhydrous magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2 , will decompose when heated, giving a white solid and a mixture of two
gases X and Y.
Y is oxygen.
mass of X released
What is the ratio ?
mass of Yreleased
1 1 1 1
A B C D
0.174 0.267 0.348 3.43
98. M/J 16/P12/Q4

In China, the concentration of blood glucose, C6H12O6, is measured in mmol / l. In Pakistan, the concentration of
blood glucose is measured in mg/dl.
The unit l is a litre (1 dm3). The unit dl is a decilitre (0.1 dm3).
A blood glucose concentration of 18.5 mmol / l indicates a health problem.
What is 18.5 mmol / l converted to mg/dl?
A 33.3 mg/dl B 178 mg/dl C 333 mg/dl D 3330 mg/dl
99. M/J 16/P11/Q4

When nuclear reactions take place, the elements produced are different from the elements that reacted. Nuclear
equations, such as the one below, are used to represent the changes that occur.
253
92
U + 10 n  144
56
Ba  89
36
Kr + 310 n
The nucleon (mass) number total is constant at 236 and the proton number total is constant at 92.
2
In another nuclear reaction, uranium-238 is reacted with deuterium atoms, H. An isotope of a new element, J, is
1
formed as well as two neutrons.
238
92
U + 21 H  J + 210 n
What is isotope J?
A 238Np B 238 Pu C 240 Np D 240 Pu
100. M/J 16/P11/Q17

A piece of rock has a mass of 2.00 g. It contains calcium carbonate, but no other basic
substances. It neutralises exactly 36.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
What is the percentage of calcium carbonate in the 2.00 g piece of rock?
A 22.5% B 45.0% C 72.0% D 90.1%
101. M/J 16/P11/Q6

A white powder is known to be a mixture of magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide.
100 cm3 of 2 moldm–3 NaOH(aq) is just sufficient to cause the aluminium oxide in x grams of the mixture to dissolve.
The reaction occurring is Al2O3 + 2OH– + 3H2O  2Al(OH)4–.
800 cm3 of 2 mol dm–3 HCl (aq) is just sufficient to cause all of the oxide in x grams of the mixture to dissolve.
The reactions occurring are Al2O3 + 6H+  2Al3+ + 3H2O and MgO + 2H+  Mg2+ + H2O.
How many moles of each oxide are present in x grams of the mixture?
102. O/N 15/P13/Q3, O/N 15/P11/Q3

The compound S2O7 is hydrolysed by water to produce sulfuric acid and oxygen only.
Which volume of oxygen, measured at room temperature and pressure, is evolved when 0.352g of S2O7 is
hydrolysed?
A 12 cm3 B 24 cm3 C 48 cm3 D 96 cm3
103. M/J 15/P12/Q2

The shell of a chicken’s egg makes up 5% of the mass of an average egg. An average egg has a mass of 50 g.
Assume the egg shell is pure calcium carbonate.
How many complete chicken’s egg shells would be needed to neutralise 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
104. O/N 14/P13/Q6

In some countries, anhydrous calcium chloride is used as a drying agent to reduce dampness in houses. The anhydrous
salt absorbs enough water to form the dihydrate CaCl2.2H2O.
What is the percentage increase in mass?
A 14% B 24% C 32% D 36%
105. M/J 14/P13/Q24

A student investigates four different fuels. Each fuel is used separately to raise the temperature of 1 dm3 of water
from 20oC to 100oC. Each fuel undergoes complete combustion. All other conditions are the same in each
experiment.
Which fuel would produce the smallest amount of carbon dioxide in these experiments?
106. M/J 14/P11/Q26

How many moles of oxygen molecules are needed for the complete combustion of one mole of 3-methylpent-2-ene?
1
A 9 B 9 C 18 D 19
2
107. O/N 12/P12/Q15, O/N 12/P11/Q15

The nitrates of beryllium, calcium, magnesium, and strontium all decompose in the same way when heated. When
2.00 g of one of these anhydrous nitrates is decomposed, 1.32 g of gas is produced.
What is the nitrate?
A beryllium nitrate B calcium nitrate C magnesium nitrate D strontium nitrate
108. M/J 12/P13/Q24, M/J 12/P11/Q22, M/J 12/P11/Q20,

A sample of ethyl propanoate is hydrolysed by heating under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two organic
products of the hydrolysis are separated, purified and weighed.
Out of the total mass of products obtained, what is the percentage by mass of each product?
A 32.4 % and 67.6 % B 38.3 % and 61.7 % C 42.3 % and 57.7 % D 50.0 % and 50.0 %
109. M/J 12/P12/Q20

A sample of propyl ethanoate is hydrolysed by heating under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two organic
110. M/J 12/P11/Q22

A sample of ethyl propanoate is hydrolysed by heating under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two organic
111. O/N 11/P13/Q1

Lead(IV) chloride will oxidise bromide ions to bromine. The Pb4+ ions are reduced to Pb2+ ions in this reaction.
If 6.980 g of lead(IV) chloride is added to an excess of sodium bromide solution, what mass of bromine would be
produced?
A 0.799 g B 1.598 g C 3.196 g D 6.392 g
112. O/N 11/P11/Q25, O/N 11/P13/Q25

2.76 g of ethanol were mixed with an excess of aqueous acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The reaction mixture was
then boiled under reflux for one hour. The organic product was then collected by distillation.
The yield of product was 75.0 %.
A 1.98 g B 2.07 g C 2.70 g D 4.80 g
113. O/N 11/P12/Q13

Methyl mercaptan, CH3SH, has a foul smell and is often used to impart a smell to natural gas.
What will be formed when CH3SH is burned in an excess of air?
A CO H 2O SO2 C CO2 H2O SO2
B CO2 H 2O H 2S D CO2 H2O SO3
114. O/N 11/P12/Q4

560 kg of nitrogen and 120 kg of hydrogen are pressurised, heated and passed over an iron catalyst. When the mixture
of gases reaches equilibrium, it contains 96 kg of hydrogen.
Which mass of ammonia does it contain?
A 24 kg B 68 kg C 136 kg D 680 kg
115. O/N 11/P12/Q2

The following equations the letters W, X, Y and Z all represent whole numbers.
When correctly balanced, which equation requires one of letters W, X, Y or Z to be 5?
A WC3H7COOH + XO2  YCO2 + ZH2O C WH3PO4 + XNaOH  YNa2HPO4 + ZH2O
B WC4H8 + XO2  YCO2 + ZH2O D WNH3 + XO2  YN2 + ZH2O
116. M/J 09/P1/Q2

A household bleach contains sodium chlorate(I), NaClO, as its active ingredient. The concentration of NaClO in the
bleach can be determined by reacting a known amount with aqueous hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.
NaClO(aq) + H2O2(aq)  NaCl(aq) + O2(g) + H2O(l)
When 25.0 cm3 of bleach is treated with an excess of aqueous H2O2, 0.0350 mol of oxygen gas is given off.
What is the concentration of NaClO in the bleach?
A 8.75  10–4 mol dm–3 C 0.875 mol dm–3
B 0.700 mol dm–3 D 1.40 mol dm–3
117. O/N 08/P1/Q2

Carbon disulphide vapour burns in oxygen according to the following equation.
CS2(g) + 3O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2SO2(g)
A sample of 10 cm3 of carbon disulphide was burned in 50 cm3 of oxygen. After measuring the volume of gas remaining,
the product was treated with an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide and the volume of gas measured again. All
measurements were made at the same temperature and pressure, under such conditions that carbon disulphide was
gaseous.
What were the measured volumes?
118. M/J 08/P1/Q15

The combustion of fossil fuels is a major source of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, with a consequential rise in
global warming. Another significant contribution to carbon dioxide levels comes from the thermal decomposition of
limestone, in the manufacture of cement and of lime for agricultural purposes.
Cement works roast 1000 million tonnes of limestone per year and a further 200 million tonnes is roasted in kilns to make
lime.
A 440 B 527 C 660 D 880
119. M/J 08/P1/Q2

A typical solid fertiliser for use with household plants and shrubs contains the elements N, P, and K in the ratio of 15g :
30g :15g per 100g of fertiliser. The recommended usage of fertiliser is 14g of fertiliser per 5 dm3 of water.
What is the concentration of nitrogen atoms in this solution?
A 0.03 mol dm–3 B 0.05 mol dm–3 C 0.42 mol dm–3 D 0.75 mol dm–3
120. M/J 08/P1/Q3

32 P
Skin cancer can be treated using a radioactive isotope of phosphorus, . A compound containing the phosphide ion
15
32 P3–
, wrapped in a plastic sheet, is strapped to the affected area.
15
32 P3–
What is the composition of the phosphide ion, ?
15
121. M/J 07/P1/Q2

Oxides of nitrogen are pollutant gases which are emitted from car exhausts.
In urban traffic, when a car travels one kilometre, it releases 0.23 g of an oxide of nitrogen NxOy, which occupies 120 cm3.
What are the values of x and y?
(Assume 1 mol of gas molecules occupies 24.0 dm3.)
A x = 1, y = 1 B x = 1, y = 2 C x = 2, y = 1 D x = 2, y = 4
122. M/J 04/P1/Q3

Most modern cars are fitted with airbags. These work by decomposing sodium azide to liberate nitrogen gas, which
inflates the bag.
2NaN3  3N2 + 2Na
A typical driver’s airbag contains 50g of sodium azide.
Calculate the volume of nitrogen this will produce at room temperature.
A 9.2 dm3 B 13.9 dm3 C 27.7 dm3 D 72.0 dm3
123. O/N 05/P1/Q15

What volume of oxygen, measured under room conditions, can be obtained from the thermal
decomposition of 8.2g of calcium nitrate (Mr = 164)?
A 150 cm3 B 300 cm3 C 600 cm3 D 1200 cm3
124. O/N 04/P1/Q13
Which of these acid-base (neutralisation) reactions could be titrated using the apparatus shown above to give a sharp
end-point?
A sulphuric acid and aluminium oxide C sulphuric acid and magnesium oxide
B sulphuric acid and magnesium hydroxide D sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide
125. O/N 04/P1/Q1

Granular urea, CON2H4, can be used to remove NO2 from the flue gases of power stations,
converting it into harmless nitrogen.
What are the values of x, y and z in a balanced equation?
126. M/J 04/P1/Q2

Self-igniting flares contain Mg3P2. With water this produces diphosphane, P2H4, which is spontaneously flammable in air.
Which equation that includes the formation of diphosphane is balanced?
A Mg3P2 + 6H2O  3Mg(OH)2 + P2H4 C 2Mg3P2 + 12H2O  6Mg(OH)2 + P2H4 + 2PH3
B Mg3P2 + 6H2O  3Mg(OH)2 + P2H4 + H2 D 2Mg3P2 + 12H2O  6Mg(OH)2 + 3P2H4
127. O/N 03/P1/Q3

A sample of the hydrocarbon C6H12 is completely burned in dry oxygen and the product gases are collected as shown.
[Ar : H, 1 ; C, 12 ; O, 16.]
The increases in mass of the collecting vessels P and Q of the apparatus are MP and MQ, respectively. What is the ratio
MP / MQ?
A 0.41 B 0.82 C 1.2 D 2.4
128. M/J 11/P13/Q32

Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following equation.
Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
[All volumes are measured at room conditions.]
1 A 3.27 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 0.050 mol of zinc chloride.
2 A 6.54 g sample of zinc reacts completely with exactly 100 cm3 of 1.00 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
3 A 13.08 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 9.60 dm3 of hydrogen.
129. O/N 06/P1/Q32

Concentrated sulphuric acid behaves as a strong acid when it reacts with water.
The HSO  ion formed behaves as a weak acid.

4
Which statements are true for 1.0 mol dm–3 sulphuric acid?
45
Answers Section
1. D 46. A 91. C
2. B 47. D 92. B
3. A 48. D 93. C
4. A 49. D 94. C
5. A 50. D 95. B
6. D 51. B 96. D
7. A 52. D 97. A
8. C 53. D 98. C
9. A 54. B 99. A
10. D 55. C 100. B
11. A 56. C 101. D
12. D 57. A 102. B
13. D 58. B 103. B
14. D 59. A 104. C
15. A 60. C 105. B
16. D 61. A 106. A
17. C 62. B 107. B
18. A 63. D 108. A
19. B 64. B 109. C
20. D 65. A 110. A
21. C 66. A 111. C
22. A 67. D 112. C
23. A 68. B 113. C
24. B 69. B 114. C
25. A 70. C 115. A
26. D 71. D 116. D
27. A 72. C 117. C
28. D 73. A 118. B
29. A 74. B 119. A
30. A 75. B 120. A
31. C 76. B 121. B
32. B 77. D 122. C
33. C 78. C 123. C
34. C 79. C 124. D
35. B 80. C 125. C
36. C 81. C 126. B
37. C 82. C 127. A
38. B 83. D 128. D
39. A 84. A 129. D
40. A 85. D
41. A 86. C
42. C 87. C
43. D 88. C
44. C 89. A
45. C 90. B
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Chemistry As Level P 1 MCQs Classified T

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Chemistry As Level P 1 MCQs Classified T

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Title Classified A- Level Chemistry Paper-1 MCQ’s

Published by Read & Write Publications

Printed by Sadaat Printers Urdu Bazar Lahore.

Graphics Department Rashid Mehmood, Khalid Khurshid

Legal Advisor Mian Tariq Ahmad (Advocate Supreme Court)

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UNIT 2 ATOMIC STRTUCTURE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46

UNIT 3 CHEMICAL BONDING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69

UNIT 4 STATES OF MATTER ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103

UNIT 5 CHEMICAL ENERGETICS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 118

UNIT 6 ELECTROCHEMISTRY --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 149

UNIT 7 EQUILIBRIA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 161

UNIT 8 REACTION KINETICS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190

UNIT 9 THE PERIODIC TABLE: CHEMICAL PERIODICTY -------------------------------------------------- 215

UNIT 10 GROUP 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 244

UNIT 11 GROUP 17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263

UNIT 12 COLOUR OF COMPLEXES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 286

UNIT 13 NITROGEN AND SULFUR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 288

UNIT 14 AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ---------------------------------------------------- 307

UNIT 15 HYDROCARBNONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 330

UNIT 17 HYDROXY COMPOUNDS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 391

UNIT 18 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 421

UNIT 19 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES -------------------------------------------------------------- 451

UNIT 20 NITROGEN COMPOUNDS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 480

UNIT 21 POLYMERISATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 483

UNIT 22 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 489

UNIT 23 ORGANIC SYNTHESIS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 491

YEARLY PAST PAPERS 493

Unit 1 Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry

1.1 The mole and the Avogadro constant

10. O/N 10/P13/Q15, O/N 10/P11/Q15

11. O/N 10/P13/Q5, O/N 10/P11/Q5

12. O/N 10/P11/Q15

13. M/J 10/P12/Q16, M/J 10/P11/Q18, M/J 10/P13/Q19

14. M/J 08/P1/Q1, O/N 12/P13/Q9

15. O/N 07/P1/Q1

16. M/J 06/P1/Q1

17. O/N 05/P1/Q1

18. O/N 06/P1/Q1

19. M/J 05/P1/Q2

20. O/N 04/P1/Q19

21. O/N 03/P1/Q1

22. M/J 03/P1/Q1

23. M/J 14/P11/Q40, O/N 10/P12/Q39

24. O/N 12/P13/Q34

YZ(s) + 2H+(aq)   Y2+(aq) + H2Z(g)

25. M/J 12/P13/Q37, M/J 12/P11/Q38

26. O/N 11/P12/Q36

27. M/J 11/P12/Q36

28. M/J 11/P11/Q33, M/J 11/P13/Q32

29. O/N 10/P12/Q39

30. O/N 10/P12/Q34

31. O/N 09/P12/Q40

1.2 The determination of relative atomic masses

32. O/N 09/P12/Q30, O/N 09/P11/Q1

What is the relative atomic mass of X?

33. M/J 07/P1/Q1

What is the relative atomic mass of the element?

34. O/N 04/P1/Q2

A 65 B 65.25 C 65.5 D 65.66