*Temperatures, voltages, and fan

speeds for hardware monitoring.

Motherboard
*CMOS memory used to store
BIOS setup configuration
*Keyboard and Mouse
*Network controller
*Optical drives: CD-ROM or
DVD-ROM
*SCSI hard drive
*IDE, EIDE, or Serial ATA Hard
disk drive
*Security devices, such as a
fingerprint reader or the state of a
latching switch to detect intrusion
*USB devices, such as a memory
storage device

Allyzza Mae Abenes

 Integrated peripherals Peripheral card slots
With the steadily declining costs and size A typical motherboard will have a different number
of integrated circuits, it is now possible to of connections depending on its standard and form
include support for many peripherals on factor.
the motherboard. Especially popular in
small form factor and budget computers.
Motherboards are generally air cooled with heat *A video card - is an
sinks often mounted on larger chips, such as the expansion card which
Northbridge, in modern motherboards. Insufficient
or for
•Disk controllers improper
a floppycooling canup
disk drive, cause damage to the generates a feed of output
internaland
to 2 PATA drives, components
up to 6 SATAof the computer, or cause it to
drives images to a display device
(including RAID 0/1 support) crash.
•Integrated graphics controller supporting 2D
*Cards inserted into slots,
and 3D graphics, with VGA and TV output such as conventional PCI
•Integrated sound card supporting 8-channel
(7.1) audio and S/PDIF output
*Floppy Disk - is a type of
Bootstrapping using the Basic disk storage composed of a
Input/Output
•Ethernet network controller for System disk of thin and flexible
connection to a LAN and to receive magnetic storage medium,
Internet Motherboards contain some non-volatile memory sealed in a rectangular plastic
to initialize the system and load some startup
•USB controller
software,supporting
usually up
an to 12 USB system, from some
operating enclosure lined with fabric
ports external peripheral device. that removes dust particles.
•IrDA controller for infrared data
When power is first supplied to the motherboard,
communication (e.g. with an IrDA-
the BIOS firmware tests and configures memory,
enabled cellular phone or printer)
circuitry, and peripherals. This Power-On Self
•Temperature,
Testvoltage,
(POST) and fan-speed
may include testing some of the
sensors that allow softwarefollowing
to monitorthings:
the
health of computer components.