General Description: EC 135 Training Manual General

EC 135
Training Manual
General
General Description
For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 1

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Table of Contents
The Development of the EC 135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 First Limit Page (FLI) P2/T2 and P2+/T2+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
General Description of the EC 135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Page for Electrical and Vehicle Parameters (ELEC/VEH) . . 66
Maintenance Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 SYSTEM STATUS Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Documentation of the EC 135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CAUTION/FUEL FAIL Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Cockpit Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 CAUTION/BACKUP Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Instrument Panel with CDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 FLIGHT REPORT Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Triple Rotor RPM Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 CPDS Switch Over Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Torque Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Normal Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Dual TOT Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Derivative Mode with one VEMD Line off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Dual nn1 Indicator T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Derivative Mode with CAD off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Dual n1 Indicator P1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Backup Mode with CAD and one VEMD Lane off . . . . . . . . . 86
Oil Temperature and Pressure Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Backup Mode with both VEMD Lines off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Cockpit Display System (CDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Maintenance Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
CDS Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Flight Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
CDS Caution Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
CDS Advisory Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Overlimit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
DISPLAY SELECT Switch / SCROLL Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Transfer Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Engine Parameter Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Function Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Torque Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Data Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Electrical Parameter Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 A/C CONFIG Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Outside Air Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 CPDS Software Versions Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Mast Moment Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 H/C Serial Number Changes Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Fuel Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Warning Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Instrument Panel with CPDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Switch Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Function of the CPDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Overhead Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
CPDS Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Pitot--Static System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
CAUTION / FUEL -- Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
First Limit Page (FLI) P1/T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Handling of the EC 135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 This training document comprises the following ATA chapters:
Lifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
General Description ATA 06
Jacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Shoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Maintenance Concept ATA 05/12
Weighing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Cockpit Arrangement ATA 31
Towing and Pushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Instrument Panel CPDS ATA 31
Parking and Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Instrument Panel CDS ATA 31
Cockpit Display System CDS ATA 31
Central Panel Display System CPDS ATA 31
Warning Unit ATA 31
Switch Unit ATA 24/80
Overhead Console ATA 24
Pitot--Static System ATA 34/30
Handling of the EC 135 ATA 07/09/10

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
The Development of the EC 135
History Engine Versions

The first EUROCOPTER (former MBB, former BÖLKOW) helicopter The following engine versions are possible:
with glass fiber rotor blades was the single blade helicopter BO 102,
-- EC 135 P1
a captive trainer, operating for the first time in 1957. In 1961 the single equipped with Pratt & Whitney PW 206 B engines.
seater BO 103 followed, the only helicopter to fly with one rotor blade.
-- EC 135 P2 / P2+
In 1962/63, a new hingeless rotor system was created, and equipped with Pratt & Whitney PW 206 B2 engines.
successfully tried on an Alouette II, in Marignane, France. -- EC135 T1
From 1960 to 64 the high speed helicopter BO 46 was designed with equipped with Turbomeca ARRIUS 2B1, 2B1A, 2B1A_1
the Derschmidt rotor system. -- EC135 T2 / T2+
In 1964 these helicopters were followed by the multi purpose 2 1/2 ton equipped with Turbomeca ARRIUS 2B2 engines.
twin engine helicopter BO 105. Both engine types are in the 450 KW class. The maximum take-off
To substitute the BO 105 after 20 years in duty, the BO 108 was created weight for both standard versions is 2720 kg (upgrade to 2835 kg
and flown on Okt. 15th, 1988 for the first time. Consultations with MTOW is possible), with external load 2900 kg. The EC 135 T+ / P+
potential customers -- operators of EUROCOPTER products and of is certidfied for a MTOW of 2910 kg (SN 505 and up).
competing types -- showed that cabin volume should be increased and
Cockpit Versions
visibility improved and that greater emphasis would have to be put on
mission flexibility (the cabin floor, for instance should be flat and Two major cockpit versions are possible:
unobstructed to allow easy conversion from passengers to cargo -- CPDS (Central Panel Display System with multifunction
roles). In late 1992, the design was modified to provide screens) together with analog flight instruments. As an
accommodation for max. six passengers, instead of the BO 108’s option, the CPDS can be combined with FCDS (Flight
three, and two crew. The Aerospatiale developed Fenestron Anti Control Display System).
Torque system was adapted, and the EC 135 as it is today took shape.
-- CDS (Cockpit Display System) with analog flight
In the middle of 1996, the certification by the German (LBA) and the instruments or EFIS (Electronic Flight Instrument System)
American Airworthiness Authorities (FAA) was completed.
! NOTE CDS Standard cockpit has been replaced by CPDS
cockpit (SN 169 and up).

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
EC 135 Variants
EC135 P2 / P2+ EC135 P1 EC135 T1 EC135 T2 / T2+

Pratt&Whitney Engine Pratt&Whitney Engine TURBOMECA Engine TURBOMECA Engine
206 B2 206 B ARRIUS 2B1, 2B1A, 2B1A_1 ARRIUS 2B2
CPDS CPDS+FCDS CDS CPDS CPDS+FCDS CDS CPDS CPDS+FCDS CPDS CPDS+FCDS
Analog EFIS Analog EFIS

Instruments Instruments

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EC 135
Training Manual
General
General Description of the EC 135
General Tail Rotor System

The EC 135 is a light multi purpose twin engine helicopter in the 2.5 t The helicopter is equipped with a “Fenestron” tail rotor system. There
class. There are five seats in the basic version, they can be extended are 10 blades rotating in a housing integrated in the tail boom.
up to eight seats.
The Fenestron is controlled via a “Flexball” type cable, routed from the
Engines pedals to the input control rod of the Fenestron.
The EC 135 T is powered by two engines Turbomeca ARRIUS 2B, the Tail Boom
EC 135 P is powered by two engines Pratt & Whitney PW 206 B. They
The tail boom can be separated from the fuselage, and consists of tail
are equipped with a digital engine control system.
boom cone, the horizontal stabilizer with end-plates, vertical fin with
Transmission integrated tail rotor, tail rotor gearbox and fairing.
The main transmission is a two-stage flat gearbox (produced by

Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen ZF), which is mounted by an
anti-resonance rotor isolation system (ARIS) on the transmission
deck.
Main Rotor
The helicopter is equipped with a four-bladed hingeless and
bearingless main rotor (BMR). The inboard flexbeam enables
movement of the blades in all axes. Blade pitch angles are controlled
through integrated glass/carbon fibre control cuffs.
The main rotor control linkage system is of conventional design. The
hydraulic system for the main rotor controls is designed as a duplex
system with tandem piston (both systems are active). In case of a
failure of one system, the remaining system has sufficient power to
ensure safe flight operation and a safe landing.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Dimensions
2.65 m
2.00 m 1.56 m
3.20 m
12.16 m
10.20 m
5°
3.35 m 3.51 m
3°
0.66 m
5.87 m
10.20 m

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General
Fuselage
The primary structure consists mainly of sheet metal design. Cabin
frame, bottom shell, doors, engine cowling, nose access panel and the
entire tail boom are made of composite material.
The cabin is accessible through six doors: two hinged doors for the
crew, two sliding doors for the passengers, and two aft clamshell doors
for the rear compartment.
Fuel System
The fuel system comprises two fuel tanks, a fuel supply system, a
refueling and grounding equipment and a monitoring system. The
main tank and the separated supply tank with overflow to the main tank
are installed under the cabin floor.
Electrical System
The fully redundant electrical 28 V DC system is supplied by two
generators and the battery.
Landing Gear
The EC 135 has two cross tubes and two skids. The cross tubes are
constructed to be bent to absorb forces during touch down of the
helicopter.

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EC 135
Training Manual
General
Cabin Dimensions
1.26 m
1.15 m
0.70 m
1.22 m 0.97 m 1.79 m
1.50 m
0.89 m
2.32 m 0.74 m 1.05 m 1.23 m

4.11 m

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EC 135
Training Manual
General
Maintenance Concept
General Intermediate Level

“Maintenance” covers all scheduled and unscheduled maintenance The intermediate level covers repairs on/off helicopter, extended
activities. It also applies to the on condition maintenance. It is based periodical inspections as specified in the aircraft maintenance manual.
on condition monitoring by visual checks/inspections and diagnostic To fulfill these tasks, maintenance facility, qualified personel, test
features such as chip detectors, filter bypass indicators, boroscope equipment and special tools are required.
access, failure code indications, built-in tests, warning lights etc.
! NOTE The maintenance manual covers all tasks of
Maintenance Levels organizational level and intermediate level.
EC 135 maintenance is split into three maintenance levels:
-- Organizational Level (O) Depot Level (D)
-- Intermediate Level (I) Depot level covers major repair or overhaul at the manufacturer or at
-- Depot Level (D) authorized service stations under industrial premises.
More extensive tools/test equipment and specialized personnel are
Organizational Level necessary.
The organizational level covers tasks of the daily servicing,
maintenance checks, inspections for condition, exchange of ! NOTE Documentation and spares for depot level tasks
components (LRU’s) and quick, simple repairs as specified in the will be delivered to authorized customers only.
aircraft maintenance manual (AMM).
The work generally takes place at the operators site. After an “on the ! NOTE Information about inspections and intervals are to
job training” these checks can be carried out by pilots, mechanics and be found in chapter 10 of this training manual.
operators.

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EC 135
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General
Maintenance Concept
Maintenance
Scheduled
Unscheduled
On Condition
Daily servicing, maintenance checks

Organizational
Level (O) inspections for condition, exchange of LRU‘s. acc. to AMM -- Can be carried
out by a mechanic or by the pilot (i.e. main transmission servicing).
Repair on/off the helicopter extended

Intermediate periodical inspections acc. to AMM -- maintenance facility, qualified personnel,
Level (I)
test equipment and special tools are required (i.e. main transmission change).
Manufacturer/authorized customers only
Major repair or overhaul at the manufacturer or at authorized service stations

Depot Level (D)
acc. to special documentation. Tools/test equipment and specialized personnel
are necessary (i.e. main transmission overhaul).

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Training Manual
General
Documentation of the EC 135
General Page Number Blocks

The documentation of the EC 135 consists of two main groups: Page number blocks are used for the different sections of the
maintenance manual to logically place the activities in sequence as
-- EC 135 helicopter documentation written by
EUROCOPTER follows: Procedures have either a brief subtopic or a combination of
subtopics i.e. Removal/Installation, Inspection/Test. If subtopics are
-- other manufacturers documentations. brief, then they are combined in one topic under Maintenance
Layout Practices. If the subtopics become lengthy so that a combination
would require numerous pages, the topics are broken out into page
The whole documentation library is prepared in general compliance number blocks.
with Air Transport Association Specification 100 and ATA 2100. The
customized documentation is available for certain H/C serial numbers -- Pageblock 1--99 System Description
or a group of H/C serial numbers. A part of the documentation library -- Pageblock 101--199 Troubleshooting
is delivered on CD ROM. -- Pageblock 201--299 Maintenance Procedures
-- Pageblock 301--399 Servicing
Revision / Reissue
-- Pageblock 401--499 Removal/Installation
Changes in the helicopter equipment, maintenance practices,
-- Pageblock 501--599 Adjustment/Test
procedures etc. update and replace the manual content. To ensure
that the EC 135 manuals continue to show the latest information, twice -- Pageblock 601--699 Inspection
a year the CD ROM is replaced by a reissue. The preceding issue then -- Pageblock 701--799 Cleaning/Painting
becomes obsolete and must be discarded. -- Pageblock 801--899 Repair
ATA Numbering -- Pageblock 901--999 Storage
The numbering system provides a procedure for dividing material into ! NOTE Element 1, element 2 and the pageblocks are set
chapter section subject and page. The number is composed of three by the ATA 2100 schematic. The following
elements, which have two numbers each. The chapter and section elements can be defined by the aircraft
element are established by ATA 2100. Subject and unit element manufacturer as required.
numbers are assigned by ECD.

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EC 135
Training Manual
General
ATA Numbering
1. Element 2. Element 3. Element
28 -- 10 -- 00
Chapter Section Subject/Unit

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
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Mechanic’s Documentation Pilot’s Documentation

The mechanic’s documentation is provided on CD or as a hardcopy: The pilot has four documents available (hardcopy):
-- Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) -- Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL)
-- Systems Description Section (SDS) -- Flight Manual (FLM), according Helicopter Association
-- Master Servicing Manual (MSM) International, HAI
-- Wiring Diagram Manual (WDM) -- Log Book
-- Illustrated Parts Catalog inclusive Tools Catalog (IPC) -- Pilot’s Checklist (PCL)
The AMM, SDS and WDM are available in custumized versions. The
! NOTE The Flight Manual and the Log Book must always
custumer can choose in between the following variants:
be present in the helicopter.
-- Serial number documenataion system (one S/N only)
-- Fleet documentaion system (several S/N) Other Manufacturer’s Documentation
-- Global documentation system (all S/N) The other manufacturers (engines, Avionics and optional equipment)
CD documentation is a global documentation with the possibility to set deliver their own documentation:
the effectivity to the respective aircraft serial number. -- Engine Maintenance Manual
Operator’s Technical Control Documentation -- Engine Illustrated Parts Catalog
-- Engine Service Bulletins / Service Letters
The following documents are kept by the operator’s technical control
(hardcopy): -- Avionics Manuals
-- Special optional equipment (e.g. external hoist system)
-- Historical Record
-- LOAP (List of applicable publications) ! NOTE The valid manuals incl. the revision status are
-- Service Bulletins / Alert Service Bulletins published in the LOAP (list of applicable
-- Service Informations / Alert Service Informations publications).

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ECD Helicopter Documentation EC 135
Mechanic Operator Pilot
CD--ROM
AMM CD--ROM
MML
Historical Record FLM
SDS CD--ROM T1 CDS/CPDS
T2 CPDS
MSM LOAP
CD--ROM P1 CDS/CPDS
P2 CPDS
WDM SB/ASB
CD--ROM Logbook
IPC SI/ASI
PCL
T1 CDS/CPDS
T2 CPDS
P1 CDS/CPDS
P2 CPDS

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EC 135
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General
Cockpit Arrangement
General RH Pilot’s Extension

The EC 135 is provided with several units for monitoring, warning and The RH section of the instrument panel contains the
control purposes. instruments/displays for flight control and navigation. A number of
switches may be provided for controlling the radio/navigation system.
Flight Controls A nozzle is provided for regulating fresh air supply.
The flight controls within the cockpit comprises the following elements:
LH Copilot’s Extension
-- cyclic stick
The LH section of the instrument panel is specified for the copilot. The
-- collective lever configuration of the LH section varies according to helicopter
-- pedals equipment.
-- center post (encases the vertical control rods).
Slant Console
Overhead Console The slant console houses the COM/NAV control panels.
The overhead console carries the most important circuit breakers and
several control switches. Center Console
Within the center console the control panels for the optional equipment
Center Instrument Panel are mounted.
The center of the instrument panel contains the CDS (Cockpit Display
System) in earlier versions or the CPDS (Central Panel Display
System) with analog back up instruments. The warning unit displays
system/engine conditions. A chronograph is also included. A number
of switches for engine and electrical system operation are located on
the center instrument panel, too.

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EC 135
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Cockpit Arrangement (CPDS, FCDS)
Overhead Panel Center Post
Instrument Panel
Pedals Cyclic Stick
Slant Console
Center Console
Collective Lever

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Instrument Panel with CDS
General
All the instruments and indications to monitor the helicopter systems
are installed in the center section of the instrument panel.
Configuration
The following instruments, indicators and switches are installed in the
center section of the instrument panel:
-- Warning unit
-- triple rotor RPM indicator (incl. n2 indication for eng. 1/2)
-- torque indicator
-- dual TOT indicator
-- dual nn1 indicator (T1 engine only)
-- dual n1 indicator (P1 engine only)
-- chronograph
-- switch unit
-- oil temperature and pressure indicators for engines and
main transmission (different limit markers with the different
engines)
-- Cockpit Display System (CDS).

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Instrument Panel (CDS, Analog Flight Instruments)

Engine Monitoring Back--up Horizon
Instruments
Analog Clock
Warning Unit
Oil Temperature and Airspeed Indicator
Pressure Indicators
Artificial Horizon
Antiglare Device
Altitude Indicator
MASTER
CAUTION
D-- HUMS
SYSTEM I MISC SYSTEM II
SYSTEM I SYSTEM II
PAGE
TQ
DC VOLTS
GEN AMPS CAUTION
BAT AMPS PAGE
OAT MM LMT
F LOW FREE LOW XFER VOLT

AMP
U
E KG LB KG LB KG LB KG LB
L SPLY 1 MAIN SPLY 2 AUX
SCROLL
Vne
GROSS MASS RAD ALT DISPLAY
SELECT
CABLE
HOOK LOAD P OPT
LENGTH F 1
M 2
Vertical Speed
T
CDS
FAIL
WEIGHT
BRIGHTNESS
(Vne)
Indicator
HSI
CDS Nozzle
Switch Unit
LH SECTION CENTER SECTION RH SECTION

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General
Triple Rotor RPM Indication Torque Indicator

General General
The triple rotor RPM indicator is part of the speed sensing system. It The torque indicator indicates the torque, measured at each engine
is a 3--pointer instrument and indicates the RPM of the following: output shaft. It is a 2--pointer instrument. The pointers are labelled “1”
and “2”.
-- rotor RPM [ % ]
-- power turbine speed engine 1 [ % ] The indication range is 0 to 140 %.
-- power turbine speed engine 2 [ % ]
Operation Dual TOT Indicator

The system comprises of inductive pickups at the engines and at the General
main transmission, each generating a voltage peak whenever a tooth
The TOT indicator indicates the turbine outlet temperature at each
of the appropriate gear passes.
engine. It is a 2--pointer instrument. The pointers are labelled “1”
Rotor RPM and “2”.
The rotor RPM is indicated by the small pointer labelled “R”. The The indication range is 0 to 100 °C x 10.
indication range is 0 to 120 %.
! NOTE The limit values might be different according to the
Power Turbine Speed n2 engine version installed.
The power turbine speed of engine 1 and engine 2 is indicated by
2 pointers, labelled “1” and “2”. The indication range is 0 to 120 %.

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Engine Monitoring Instruments TM
Triple Rotor RPM Indicator Torque Indicator
TOT Indicator n n1 Indicator

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Dual nn1 Indicator T1 Dual n1 Indicator P1

General General
The dual n n1 indicator is part of the speed sensing system. It is a The dual n1 indicator is part of the speed sensing system. It is a
2--pointer instrument and indicates the RPM of the following: 2--pointer instrument and indicates the RPM of the following:
-- n gas producer RPM between the max. allowed (computed -- gas producer RPM for engine 1 and engine 2.
by the FADEC) RPM and the present RPM for engine 1
It is a 2--pointer instrument. The pointers are labelled “1” and “2”. The
and engine 2.
indication range is from 0 % to + 120 %.
It is a 2--pointer instrument. The pointers are labelled “1” and “2”. The
indication range is from -- 8 % to + 4 %. ! NOTE The limit values might be different according to the
engine version installed.

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Engine Monitoring Instruments P1
Triple Rotor RPM Indicator Torque Indicator
n1 Indicator
TOT Indicator

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Oil Temperature and Pressure Indicator

General
The oil temperature and pressure indicator is an instrument cluster
indicating oil temperature and oil pressure for each engine and for the
main transmission on six individual indicators.
-- The temperature indicators are calibrated in °C.
-- The pressure indicators are calibrated in bar.
According to the engine type installed (TM or PW) the indicators have
different scaling and different limit markers.
The indicator lighting is adjusted with the potentiometer INSTR in the
overhead panel.
More detailed description is given in the associated chapters.

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Oil Temperature-- and Pressure Indicator
Turbomeca
Pratt&Whitney

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Cockpit Display System (CDS)
Introduction The switch CDS/AUDIO RES is installed in the grip of the cyclic control
stick and enables the pilot and copilot (if dual pilot controls are
The Cockpit Display System (CDS) provides indication of aircraft
installed) to acknowledge the cautions.
status information such as caution and advisory messages. It consists
of a self contained unit installed in the center section of the instrument -- test switch TEST/CDS
panel. The test switch TEST/CDS is installed in the overhead panel. It triggers
Various switches facilitate operation of the device and allow control of the testing of the CDS indications.
the indications. The brightness is automatically controlled with the aid -- CDS OVTP light
of a sensor.
The CDS OVTP indication light is installed in the center part of the
An indication light flashes as soon as the CDS discovers an internal instrument panel below the CDS on the left side. The light comes on
malfunction. if the internal temperature is higher than 63 °C.
The CDS is capable of identifying the type of engine installed
according to the wiring of the connectors. Power Supply
The casing of the CDS is cooled by the cabin ventilation system or the In order to guarantee continuous operation even in the event of failure
air-conditioning system, if installed. of one of the essential busbars, the CDS is supplied by both
ESSENTIAL busbars via the circuit breakers located in the overhead
Associated Controls and Indicators panel.
In order to provide proper function and handling, the following controls -- CDS/SYS 1
and indicators beside the CDS are available: -- CDS/SYS 2
-- MASTER CAUTION light Data Storage
The MASTER CAUTION light is installed in the center part of the
A CDS integrated memory has two functions which are as follows:
instrument panel RH of the warning unit.
-- Storage of all of the CAUTION indications having occurred
-- switch CDS/AUDIO RES within the penultimate minute.
-- Storage of the failures reported to the CDS by the engine
control units along with their respective failure codes.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS -- General Arrangement
CDS Master
OVTP Caution
CDS
AUDIO
RES
Engine Data Aircraft Data
CB CDS/SYS1 CB CDS/SYS2
ESSENTIAL I ESSENTIAL II

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
Configuration Colors of Indications

The CDS provides the crew with information while at the same time -- Amber
indicating the present state of various systems of the helicopter. The upper display which is the primary display is split into four sections.
The CDS performs the following tasks: In the upper part cautions are displayed separately for SYST I/II and
-- Caution indication MISC. The color of the cautions is amber.
-- Advisory indication -- Green
-- indication of engine parameter (engine cycle counter), The lower part of the upper display shows the advisories The color of
FADEC--MEM--codes and malfunction indications the advisories is green.
-- indication of helicopter’s power supply voltage and current -- White
-- outside air temperature indication
The color in the lower display which is the secondary display in general
-- mast moment bargraph with limit warning light*
is white.
-- fuel system indication
Exceptions are made with the mast moment indication which is green
-- calculation and indication of Vne velocity **
-- yellow -- red and fuel low indications in the fuel display which are red.
-- radar altimeter indication
-- indication of length of rescue winch cable*
-- indication of load attached to external cargo hook*
-- engine operating hours counter.
* Only available when the resp. systems are installed in the helicopter.
** The WEIGHT key (Vne) is installed in early CDS versions only.
The CDS is divided into several panels to enhance overall view. Each
of these panels serve assigned functions.
The basic brightness of the indications is controlled through the keys
BRIGHTNESS.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS -- Displays and Controls
Caution Display
SYST I, MISC, SYST II
Advisory Display
Engine Parameter Display
Default Values:
n1 for TM, TOT for P&W
Page Light
TORQUE Display
CAUTION PAGE Button
Electrical System Display Mast Moment Indication
VOLT/AMP Key
OAT Indication
FUEL SYSTEM Display SCROLL Buttons
Opt 1/2 Display Display Select Switch
Brightness Sensor
CDS FAIL Indication
WEIGHT Key or FUNCTION BRIGHTNESS Keys
(L316M30C1004 and up)

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS Operation
Power Supply and Self Test Mast Moment Failure
The CDS is activated by setting the battery master switch BAT MSTR If there is a failure of the mast moment system detected, the caution
in ON position. This causes the CDS self test to be carried out. The MM FAILED comes up in the MISC field (depends on the part number).
CDS checks also the presence of the following engine cautions for
SYS I and SYS II: Continuity Test
Continuity tests of the connecting cables between some sensors and
ENG FAIL ENG FAIL
the CDS are made during CDS power -- ON self test. A failure is
ENG OIL P ENG OIL P indicated by displaying the respective detector name with an
FUEL PRESS FUEL PRESS additional ...CT at the end of the respective caution. If a ...CT -- caution
HYD PRESS HYD PRESS is indicated, the monitoring circuit of the corresponding system must
XMSN OIL P XMSN OIL P be assumed to be unable to activate the real system caution in case
of system failure.
GEN DISCON GEN DISCON
CDS Test Switch
The CDS test switch, located on the test switch panel of the overhead
If the cautions have been successfully detected INP PASSED comes console provides test function of the display screen and lights of the
on on the advisory display below the message CDS PASSED and CDS. Activation of the test switch causes the screen, the lights of the
engine configuration (early CDS versions only). If a caution is missing, CDS and the CDS OVTP light to illuminate.
INP FAIL appears in the center column of the caution display, followed
by the missing caution to the left/right.
The pilot has to acknowledge the messages by pushing the
CDS/AUDIO RES button on the stick grip. Subsequent to the
acknowledgement the CDS starts normal operation. If the self test was
not successful CDS FAIL will appear on the display.
The indication light CDS FAIL comes on only when the CDS self test
is faulty.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS Self Test
SYSTEM I MISC SYSTEM II SYSTEM I MISC SYSTEM II
ENG FAIL ENG FAIL

ENG OIL P ENG OIL P
FUEL PRESS FUEL PRESS
HYD PRESS HYD PRESS HYD PRESS INP FAIL
XMSN OIL P XMSN OIL P
GEN DISCON GEN DISCON
CDS PASSED CDS PASSED

(Engine config.)* (Engine config.)
INP PASSED
All parameters available, self test passed Signal HYD PRESS missing
* Early CDS versions only
SYSTEM I MISC SYSTEM II
CDS FAIL
Self test not passed

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS Caution Display

General ! NOTE The following two listings show all possible
cautions/advisories at the time this manual has
The cautions are displayed in the CAUTION display, separately for
been printed.
system 1, system 2 and miscellaneous.
The caution configuration in the individual
New cautions emerging on the screen are accompanied by flashing helicopter depends on the helicopter serial
bars above and below the caution. Cautions, displayed before, are number, CDS configuration and optional
extinguished from the display but stored in the background. equipment installed.
Each new caution indication causes the MASTER CAUTION light to The cautions will be explained in the respective
come on (The master caution light is located right beside the warning chapters.
panel).
The cautions must be acknowledged by pressing the CDS/AUDIO
RES button which is located on the cyclic stick.
After pressing the CDS/AUDIO RES button the MASTER CAUTION
light goes off and the CDS changes to the prioritized display mode.
That means, that all active cautions are displayed in sequence of
priority.
If there are more acknowledged cautions than can be displayed on the
screen simultaneously, the PAGE light illuminates and the additional
cautions can be called up from the second page by pressing the
CAUTION PAGE button. If the CAUTION PAGE button has not been
pressed for 10 seconds, the top priority cautions are displayed.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Priority of Cautions
SYS I/II MISC 21 OVSP FAIL (PW only) DG
1 ENG FAIL CDS PWR 22 GEN OVHT HOR BAT
2 ENG OIL P XMSN CHIP 23 GEN DISCON AP REDUCED
3 ENG CHIP TRGB CHIP 24 INVERTER ADC
4 FADEC FAIL XMSN OIL T 25 FIRE EXT FLOATS ARM
5 FUEL PRESS ROTOR BRAKE 26 FIRE E TST DECOUPLE
6 FUEL FILT AUTOPILOT 27 BUSTIE OPN AVAD FAIL
7 ENG O FILT DOORS 28 STARTER P/R SAS
8 ENG IDLE XMSN O FILT 29 ENG CHIP CT YAW SAS
9 ENG EXCEED TRIM 30 ENG OF CT XMSN CHP CT
10 ENG MANUAL GYRO 31 F FILT CT XMSN OT CT
11 TWIST GRIP ACTUATION 32 INP FAIL TRGB CHP CT
12 FUEL VALVE F PUMP AFT 33 INP PASSED MM FAIL
13 F VALVE CL F PUMP FWD 34 DAMPER
14 FADEC MINR (PW only) F QTY FAIL 35 CDS TEMP
15 DEGRADE (TM only) F QTY DEGR 36 ALT ALERT
16 REDUND (TM only) HTG OVTEMP 37 MSG
17 PRIME PUMP EPU DOOR 38 AUX F XFER
18 HYD PRESS BAT DISCON
19 XMSN OIL P EXT POWER
20 OVSP SHED EMER

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CDS Advisory Display DISPLAY SELECT Switch / SCROLL Button

General General
The section below the caution display contains the advisory display The DISPLAY SELECT switch has six selectable positions which
which keeps the pilot informed about operating conditions of additional provide information and data about several engine parameters, failure
equipment which is not essential for the flight. codes, operation parameters etc.
The following advisories are possible (depending on optional The informations can be displayed by selecting a certain switch
equipment): position and pressing the SCROLL buttons to scroll within the
respective line.
BLEED AIR Bleed air supply has been activated
LDG LIGHT Standard and/or optional landing light Selectable Parameters
on The following table describes the possible parameters in dependency
P/S--HTR--P Heating of the pitot pilot side is active on the chosen DISPLAY SELECT switch position.
P/S--HTR--CP Heating of the pitot
copiltot side is active
LDG L RETR Search and landing light retracts at rest
LDG L EXTD Search and landing light extended
AIR COND Air condition system active
HOOK UNLD Load is < 5 kg
AX FVLV CL Aux. fuel valve is in closed position
CA CUT ARM Cable cut circuit test is passed
IR Infra red light is active
IFCO The IR filter is pivoted in front of the
SX16
SAND FILT The sand filter is active

Edition EC Chile
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General
Advisory Display, Display Select and Scroll Switch
Advisory Display
Scroll Buttons
SCROLL
DISPLAY
SELECT
P OPT Display Select Switch
F 1
1
M 2

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Posi-- Parameter Description

tion
Real time FADEC parameters can be sequentially selected by means of the SCROLL buttons. They are
PARAMS
P displayed on the engine parameter display. The display default upon power is N1 (TM) and TOT (PW)
(Normal flight position)
The possible parameters are listed below.
N1 Gas generator turbine RPM [%]
N2 Power turbine RPM [%]
TQT Torque trim values of both engines [%] (TM only)
QMAT Torque trim values of both engines [%] (P&W only)
EGT Exhaust gas temperature [°C] (TM only)
TOT Turbine outlet temperature [°C] (P&W only)
T1 Air temperature measured at the compressor air inlet and provided to the engine control unit. [°C]
CLP Collective pitch resp. Linear--Voltage--Differential--Transducer--Position (LVDT) [%]
P0 Air pressure measured in both FADEC boxes [hPa]
N2T Power turbine reference speed trim value [%]
N1C n1 Cycle counter
N2C n2 Cycle counter
MEM CODES Numerical failure codes
The Fail Message provides abbreviated messages for active failure codes. They are displayed on the
advisory display. When viewing the FADEC failure messages and no fail code exists, a blank field is
FAIL MSG
F displayed continuously. The indication scrolls automatically for 3 seconds each when more than one
exists. All of the malfunction codes are stored. They are deleted with the next engine start when the n1
RPM exceeds 20 %.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Posi-- Parameter Description

tion
Stored failure codes can be selected by means of the SCROLL buttons and are displayed on the
engine parameter display by means of numerical failure codes. These codes correspond to the
M MEM CODE
abbreviated messages under FAIL MSG and are described in the respective maintenance manual.
Mast moment exceedance MMEXC is displayed in the advisory display.
The operating time counter provides automatic timer function to indicate the engine operating time.
The time is displayed on the engine parameter display.
T OTh The counter starts when the resp. ENG FAIL caution disappears and the collective lever position is
above 10 %.
It stops when the collective lever position is below 10 % and ENG FAIL caution is active.
Enables the operator to select between VNE and RAD ALT indication on the upper option line by
OPT1
means of the SCROLL buttons.
VNE The VNE depends on gross mass, pressure altitude and OAT. The present VNE is calculated and
(with MTOW permanently updated by the CDS. By pushing the WEIGHT key the pilot can choose between the
2855 kg symbols “>” or “<”.
inactive) “>” means that the gross mass is equal or greater than 2300 kg (standard presetting).
“<” means that the gross mass is lower than 2300 kg.
RAD ALT A four digit display indicates the radar altitude from 0 to 2500 ft and a RAD ALT light will come on if
the radar altimeter is active.
Enables the operator to select between HOOK LOAD and CABLE LENGTH indication on the lower
OPT2
option line by means of the SCROLL buttons.
HOOK A four digit display indicates the loading of the external cargo hook. In addition the illuminated HOOK
LOAD LOAD light comes on.
CABLE The display indicates the length of the lowered cable. If the rescue hoist is active the illuminated
LENGTH CABLE LENGTH light comes on and the moving mode of the hoist (lowering or retracting) is
indicated.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Engine Parameter Indication Mast Moment Indication

In the upper line of the CDS display the FADEC provided engine The EC 135 is equipped with a hingeless and bearingless rotor system
parameters can be displayed. and therefore high bending moments occur at the rotormast,
particularly during close ground operation. The bending of the main
rotor hub--shaft is monitored by a mast moment measuring system.
Torque Indication
The mast moment indication consists of a bargraph and a limit light.
The torque is permanently displayed on the TORQUE display in %.
The bargraph is a three-color indication, indicating the mast moment
linear from 0 to 100 % in green, yellow and finally red.
Electrical Parameter Indication The limit light remains on until a “cold start” of the CDS occurs.
The aircraft‘s electrical voltages and currents can be shown on the If the input signal from the mast moment measuring system is out of
electrical system display. The VOLT/AMP button enables the crew to specified values, the caution MM FAIL will be displayed.
select between DC VOLTS, GEN AMPS or BAT AMPS. The default
setting is DC VOLTS.
Fuel Indications
The CDS displays the fuel masses and fuel system status of the supply
Outside Air Indication tank 1, supply tank 2, main tank and (if installed) auxiliary tank. Each
Outside air temperature is permanently displayed in ûC. The value is of the tank displays contain a bargraph display and a numeric display.
also internally used for VNE calculation. The supply 1 and supply 2 displays contain a red LOW indication which
illuminates when the resp. tank‘s content is below a specified value.
The FREE indication comes on when the free volume of the main tank
is greater than the current volume of the auxiliary tank.
The XFER indication comes on when fuel is being transferred into the
main tank (transfer valve open).

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
System Parameter Indications
Engine Parameters Indication Light for

Indication additional Cautions
Torque Indication
Scroll Switch to the
next CAUTION Page
Outside Air (if available)
Temperature Indication
Electrical Parameters
Indication
Fuel Indication incl.
Low Level Red Light Select Switch for
incl. Electrical Parameters
FREE and XFER Light
Mast Moment Indication
incl.
Option 1 Limit Light
Display Line
Option 2
Display Line
WEIGHT Key
(with H/C MTOW
2835 kg inactive)
WEIGHT Key or FUNCTION
(L316M30C1004 and up)

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
Instrument Panel with CPDS
General
The Central Panel Display System is an electronic indicating system
and presents various parameters of the onboard systems on three
screens.
The instrument panel contains most of the displays and instruments
and some of the control units installed in the helicopter. The
configuration of the instrument panel varies according to operators
needs and the associated equipment.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Instrument Panel (CPDS, FCDS)

Altimeter (Back up)
Triple Speed Indicator
Artificial Horizon Warning Unit
Antiglare Device Airspeed Indicator (Back up) Displays for Flight Control
Analog Clock
MASTER
CAUTION
CAD
Switch Unit VEMD
LH SECTION CENTER SECTION RH SECTION

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CAD (Caution and Advisory Display) Circuit Breakers

The CAD displays cautions, advisory messages and fuel system The CAD and the VEMD are supplied with voltage, each via two circuit
indications. If the VEMD fails, the CAD can take over and display breakers, from the ESSENTIAL busbars 1 and 2. The circuit breakers
selected parameters from it. are arranged in the overhead panel.
The display instrument of the CAD consists of a color screen, CDS/AUDIO RES Switch
integrated in the left-hand side of the center section of the instrument The CDS/AUDIO RES switch is used by the pilot and copilot to
panel. acknowledge displayed cautions. It has the same function as the
VEMD (Vehicle and Engine Monitoring Display) SELECT key on the CAD.
The VEMD displays engine and dynamic system parameters. In The switch is installed in the grip of the pilot’s cyclic stick and, if dual
addition, it can present data relating to onboard systems (e.g. aircraft controls are installed, one is also installed in the copilot’s cyclic stick
electrical system, autopilot) and to optional equipment (e.g. cargo grip.
hook).
Voltage Adjusting Element
If the CAD fails, the VEMD displays selected CAUTIONs. The duplex An adjusting element for each voltage indication of the VEMD is
configuration of the VEMD provides redundancy so that two integrated in the sensor units, mounted to the inner side of the bottom
processing modules are each individually capable of taking over all shell, accessable through the forward access panel. Hereby the
tasks. voltage drop in the VEMD indication can be corrected.
Both the VEMD screens are installed on the right-hand side of the
center section of the instrument panel.
Maintenance Connector
Two maintenance connectors are mounted to the rear part of the
Test Switch slanted console (SN 218 and up).
The test switch triggers the CPDS to display the test page with the
complete color spectrum and the software version.
CPDS OVHT Caution
The CPDS OHVT caution is triggered by a temperature switch in the
instrument panel between 51 and 55 °C. If the temperature exceeds
42 °C the vent blower will be switched on automatically in order to avoid
an overtemperature situation.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CPDS -- Locations
Circuit Breakers
Test Switch
TEST
RESET
1 2
OVERSPEED OVERSPEED
ENG I
O M
F A
F X
ENG II
CAD
Switch
Voltage Adjusting Elements CDS AUDIO RES
integrated into Sensor Units CDS
AUDIO
RES
VEMD
Maintenance
Connectors Stick Grip

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Color Code Ranges and their Meaning VEMD Operation

The range of colors used for displays on the screens of the CPDS The VEMD is operated by the following keys located on the front panel
covers five different colors in addition to black and white. Each of the display monitor:
individual color has a specific significance.
Key Function
Black Background, text on colored background OFF 1 Switches upper screen and processing module 1 on/
White Scales, display arrows (pointers), numbers, etc. off
Yellow Limits, defect symbols OFF 2 Switches lower screen and processing module 2 on/off
Red Limits, defect symbols SCROLL Cycles to next page, depending on operating mode
and status
Amber Cautions
RESET Initiates return to normal screen display or to
Green Advisories previously displayed page (depending on the
Cyan Tech. units, selections, demarcations etc. operating mode)
Blue Fuel quantity level SELECT Selects a particular data field
+ / -- Input of values to data field
ENTER Acknowledges selection of a data field or a data entry
CAD Operation to a data field
The CAD is operated by the following keys in the front panel: BRT + Increases brightness of screen by continuous
adjustment
Key Function
BRT -- Decreases brightness of screen by continuous
OFF Switches CAD on/off adjustment
SCROLL Selects different screen pages (e.g. second page with
cautions)
SELECT Acknowledges new cautions
BRT + Increases brightness of screen
BRT -- Decreases brightness of screen

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
CPDS
10
8 12
6 14
4 16
CAD VEMD

Edition EC Chile
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General
Function of the CPDS

The CAD and VEMD are each powered by two independent power Switch-on Sequence (Power up)
supplies and their respective circuits are each protected by two circuit
The CPDS is activated as soon as the aircraft electrical system is
breakers. As both are connected to ESSENTIAL busbars 1 and 2, their
energized on the ground. An internal self-test and an external self-test
operational integrity is ensured if one of the busbars should fail.
are run to establish the functional integrity of the CPDS:
Status of the CPDS While the internal self-test is running, the message TEST IN
With the CPDS GROUND and FLIGHT status are distinguished on the PROGRESS will be displayed on the CAD/VEMD and the soft-- and
bases of the following parameters: hardware is checked.
GROUND Status: After the internal self test is passed, the external self test is performed.
While the presence of the following parameters is verified the message
-- n1 RPM engine 1 and engine 2 < 50 % EXTERNAL SELF TEST IN PROGRESS will be displayed on the
-- XMSN oil pressure < 1bar CAD/VEMD.
FLIGHT Status: SYS I MISC SYS II
-- n1 RPM engine 1 or engine 2 > 50 % ENG CHIP CT TRRG CHP CT ENG CHIP CT
-- XMSN oil pressure > 1bar ENG OF CT XMSN CHP CT ENG OF CT
-- collective lever position (CLP) F FILT CT XMSN OT CT F FLT CT
> 28.5 % (Turbomeca) or > 17 % (Pratt&Whitney).
During the external test, the wiring of certain sensors is checked with
a continuity test (CT). If a failure occurs, the respective sensor is
displayed on the CAD as a caution with CT as a supplement.

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
Functional Schematic CPDS

VEMDSYS I VEMDSYS II
CADSYS I CADSYS II
ESS BUS I VOLTAGE P1 P1 VOLTAGE ESS BUS II

ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT
55 kts (CAT.A) CPDS OVHT
TEST CDS/ CAD VEMD

WARN UNIT
ARINC 429 RS 422
RS 422
MAINT.
CONN
ARINC 429
CDS/
AUDIO RES
Pelican
TEMP Rack WARNING
UNIT
FCDM Master AUDIO 2 1
Sensors GONG
APM FADEC
Caution
MFDAU

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
After the external self-test the functional integrity of the peripheral Test Pattern
assemblies is tested. After the test has run, the following cautions will
If the switch TEST CDS/WARN UNIT is set to position CDS, a test
be displayed on the CAD:
pattern appears with Cyclic Redundant Code (CRC), part number and
SYS I MISC SYS II configuration file number.
ENG FAIL+ F PUMP AFT** ENG FAIL+ Cyclic Redundant Code
ENG OIL P+ F PUMP FWD** ENG OIL P+
Check sum for the configuration file deviations (manufacturer only).
FADEC FAIL* EPU DOOR FADEC FAIL*
FUEL PRESS+ BAT DISCON FUEL PRESS+ Part Number
HYD PRESS+ EXT POWER HYD PRESS+ Last two digits of the part number identify the software version.
XMSN OIL P+ XMSN OIL P+ Example:
GEN DISCON+ GEN DISCON+
B19030GB08 corresponds to software version V2003
INVERTER*** INVERTER***
PITOT HTR PITOT HTR Configuration File
FLI FAIL* FLI FAIL* All software versions are delivered with a basic configuration file.
Necessary changes (e.g. after installation of optional equipment)
* only when the FADEC is switched off
might require the upload of a customized configuration file delivered
** only when the fuel pumps are switched off
by EUROCOPTER.
*** only if the respective system is installed
+ only these cautions trigger the INP FAIL, if they are not active during Example:
the test. Customized configuration files L316M30S0001
If an error occurs during the test, INP FAIL will appear at the bottom
edge of column MISC and a yellow bar above and below the respective ! NOTE The CPDS description shows the latest standards.
caution will flash. The corresponding caution will appear on the CAD. Major changes with part numbers and serial
After 8 seconds, the ACK NEEDED prompt is displayed on the upper numbers are shown in an overview page at the end
VEMD screen. of the CPDS description.
In case of a malfunction the respective caution will flash with a yellow
bar, above and below. This message has to be acknowledged by the
CDS/AUDIO RES or the select button.

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
Test Pattern (Example Software Version V2003)
B19030GB 08
4E2F60A6 L316M30S0001
Configuration File Number
Cyclic Redundant Code

Part Number

Edition EC Chile
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General
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
CPDS--Architcture for n1(nn1), TOT, TQ
ENGINE 1 ENGINE 2
TOT Matching TOT Matching

Resistor (only TM) Resistor (only TM)
n1 n1
Sensor n1 Analog n1 Analog Sensor
VEMD n1 Duplex VEMD
Module 1 Analog Module 2
(Upper CROSSTALK (Lower

FADEC 1 Screen) Screen) FADEC 2
n1/TOT/TQ n1/TOT/TQ
Digital Digital
RS 422 RS 422
ARINC 429
Digital
Analog TQ TQ Analog
Signals nn1 (only TM) nn1 (only TM) Signals
CAD
TOT (only PW) TOT (only PW)

Edition EC Chile
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Training Manual
General
CPDS Modes CAUTION / FUEL -- Page

General The CAUTION / FUEL page is displayed automatically on the CAD.
The fuel quantity parameters are displayed only on the CAD and are
The following modes are available: no longer available if the CAD fails. The units of measurement on this
Flight Status page can be changed in the configuration mode (A/C CONFIG page).
-- CAU/FUEL (Caution and fuel page) The cautions inform the crew of defects in onboard systems. They
-- FLI (First Limit Indicator) appear in yellow characters in the three columns of the upper half of
-- ELEC/VEH (Electrical and vehicle parameters) the CAD. The columns are divided as follows:
-- System Status -- left column: messages relating to eng. 1 and system 1
-- Caution Fuel Fail -- center column: messages relating to non-redundant
-- CAU Backup systems
-- right column: messages relating to eng. 2 and system 2
Ground Status (Engines Shut Down) Cautions are listed in the order of their appearance (i.e. oldest caution
In addition to the Flight Status the following modes are available: at the top). If there is not enough room on the page to display all the
cautions, e.g., “1 of 2” will appear at the top of the center column to
-- Flight Report indicate the presence of a second page with cautions. This page can
-- Maintenance Menu be accessed with the SCROLL key, but there will be an automatic
-- Configuration (AC Config Page) return to page 1 after 15 seconds.
When a new caution appears, all the acknowledged cautions on
display will disappear, and a yellow bar will flash above and below the
new caution. At the same time, the MASTER CAUTION caption next
to the warning unit will illuminate.
The crew have to acknowledge the caution(s) by operating the
CDS/AUDIO RES switch on the cyclic stick or the SELECT key on the
CAD. If the CAD has failed, the SELECT key on the VEMD must be
pressed. This leads to all cautions being displayed normally in the
order of their appearance. Also, the MASTER CAUTION caption will
extinguish and is free for the next error message (caution).

Edition EC Chile
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General
CAD -- CAUTION / FUEL Page
1 OF 2
CAUTION / ADVISORY Half Page
1 06
Fuel Indication

Edition EC Chile
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General
CPDS Cautions 23. INVERTER VEMD FAN

The following CPDS cautions can be displayed on the CAD or VEMD. 24. BUSTIE OPN CPDS OVHT
25. STARTER FUEL
No. SYS I/II MISC
(SW 2001 B and up)
1. FLI DEGR XMSN CHIP 26. ENG CHP CT
2. FLI FAIL TRGB CHIP 27. ENG OF CT
3. ENG FAIL XMSN OIL T 28. F FILT CT
4. ENG OIL P ROTOR BRK 29. PITOT HTR
5. ENG CHIP TRGB CHP CT 30. F VALVE CL
6. FADEC FAIL XMSN CHP CT 31. ENG EXCEED
7. FUEL PRESS F PUMP AFT (only T2, P2)
8. FUEL FILT F PUMP FWD
9. ENG O FILT F QTY FAIL
! NOTE Cautions with the letters CT at the end indicate
10. IDLE F QTY DEGR
negative continuity test of the respective caution
11. ENG MANUAL EPU DOOR circuit only.
12. TWIST GRIP BAT DISCON
13. FUEL VALVE EXT POWER ! NOTE If the CAD and one VEMD screen fail only a
14. FADEC MINR (only PW) SHED EMER degraded Caution list is available on the remaining
screen (see respective FLM).
15. DEGRADE (only TM) XMSN OT CT
16. REDUND (only TM) INP FAIL
17. PRIME PUMP YAW SAS
18. HYD PRESS HTG OVTEMP
19. XMSN OIL P T1 MISCMP (TM only)
20. OVSP P0 MISCMP (TM only)
21. GEN OVHT CAU DEGR
22. GEN DISCON CAD FAN

Edition EC Chile
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Advisories
The advisories appear in green characters below the cautions in the
MISC column and provide the crew with information about the
operational status and optional equipment.
In certain cases, instead of being displayed on the first page, the
advisories may be displayed on the second page. If a new caution
appears, the advisories will disappear until the caution has been
acknowledged. The green advisories appear initially in the lower part
of the display fields and then form a column, one after another, under
the cautions.
The following advisories are possible (depending on optional
equipment):
BLEED AIR Bleed air supply has been activated

AIR COND Air conditioning system is active
HOOK UNLD No load on load hook
S/L LIGHT Search and landing light is active
S/L L RETR Search and landing light is fully
retracted
IFCO IFCO filter is active
IR ON The IR--filter of the SX 16 is active
SAND FILT Sand filter is active
AUX F XFER Auxiliary tank fuel valve open
TRAIN ARM Training mode is active (T2, P2 only)
PITOT HTR If Pitot Static Heating Sytem is switched
on (SW 2003)

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
First Limit Page (FLI) P1/T1

The FLI page is displayed on the upper VEMD screen. It contains the Message Zone
following data:
The message zone displays messages concerning failures and
-- FLI zone for TOT, n1 (nn1 with T1), TRQ detected overlimits that are either not visible on the current display
-- mast moment indication page or require action by the crew e.g. to switch off a screen.
-- message zone. The following list shows the messages in the order of their priority:
Mast Moment Indicator -- LANE 1 FAILED . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF 1
-- LANE 2 FAILED . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF 2
The mast moment indicator indicates the bending moment of the main
rotor. When entering the yellow range (50 % MM) a yellow line appears -- CAD FAILED . . . . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF
under the letters MM. When entering the red range (66 % MM) the line -- CAUTION DETECTED
reverts to red, the LIMIT symbol and the warning GONG come on. -- VEH PARAM OVER LIMIT
The time of exceedance and the maximum value (last flight and -- GEN PARAM OVER LIMIT (normal during engine starting)
accumulation) can be displayed in the maintenance mode. -- DC VOLT PARAM OVER LIMIT
-- CROSST TALK FAILED . . . PRESS OFF 2
! NOTE A logbook entry and maintenance action is
-- VEMD BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FAILED
required if the red region has been entered.
Periodical maintenance action is required if a -- CAD BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FAILED
helicopter is operated without or with a defective
mast moment system.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
First Limit Page P1/T1 (Example TM 2B1)
ENG FAIL ENG

FADEC FAIL FAIL
ENG MANU
IDLE
TRAIN
TRAIN IDLE
may appear as CAUTION on both sides
Solid white rectangle

marks the parameter represented T
by the pointer
FLI DEGR
FLI FAIL
FLI DEGR
may appear as
CAUTION on both sides LIMIT Warning
LIMIT Counter
Message Zone

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
FLI ZONE P1/T1 Limit Light/Counter

The engine 1 and 2 parameters are generated by the two FADEC AEO above MCP
systems and are displayed on the screen as numerical values with the Five seconds before the 5 min power (AEO) time limit is reached the
corresponding measurement units. red box, the limit light and the counter appear and the box flashes.
In addition, the parameter that is nearest to its limit is displayed as an When the time limit is expired, the red box is fixed.
analog pointer on a scale (i.e. First Limit Indication) and the numerical
OEI above MCP
value of the parameter indicated by the pointer is marked by a white
rectangle. When entering the 2.5 min power (OEI) the counter appears
immediately. The limit light and the red box come on 5 sec before the
If a parameter fails, it is displayed in yellow characters without its
time limit is reached. The box flashes and becomes fixed when the time
associated numeric value.
limit is expired.
When the pilot leaves the limited range the limit box and the audio tone
stay for another 5 sec.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
FLI -- Marking Symbology on Analog Display P1/T1 (Example TM 2B1)
Max. TOT starting (appears only during starting)
TOT starting transient (appears only during starting)

TM max 5 sec, PW max. 2 sec.
AEO Take-off Power Range, max. 5 min
AEO Max. Takeoff Power
OEI Max. Continuous Power
OEI 2.5 min Power
OEI Transient, max. 20 sec

T
T Training Mode activated

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
First Limit Page (FLI) P2/T2 and P2+/T2+

The FLI page is displayed on the upper VEMD screen. It contains the Message Zone
following data:
The message zone displays messages concerning failures and
-- FLI zone for TOT, n1 (nn1 with T2), TRQ detected overlimits that are either not visible on the current display
-- mast moment indication page or require action by the crew e.g. to switch off a screen.
-- message zone. The following list shows the messages in the order of their priority:
Mast Moment Indicator -- LANE 1 FAILED . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF1
-- LANE 2 FAILED . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF2
The mast moment indicator indicates the bending moment of the main
rotor. When entering the yellow range (50 % MM) a yellow line appears -- CAD FAILED . . . . . . . . . . . . . PRESS OFF
under the letters MM. When entering the red range (66 % MM) the line -- CAUTION DETECTED
reverts to red, the LIMIT symbol and the warning GONG come on. -- VEH PARAM OVER LIMIT
The time of exceedance and the maximum value (last flight and -- GEN PARAM OVER LIMIT (normal during engine starting)
accumulation) can be displayed in the maintenance mode. -- DC VOLT PARAM OVER LIMIT
-- CROSST TALK FAILED . . . PRESS OFF2
! NOTE A logbook entry and maintenance action is
-- VEMD BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FAILED
required if the red region has been entered.
Periodical maintenance action is required if a -- CAD BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FAILED
helicopter is operated without or with a defective
mast moment system. ! NOTE With the EC 135 T2+/P2+ the message GEN PARAM
OVER LIMIT is suppressed on ground with one
engine in start mode.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Page First Limit T2/T2+ (P2/P2+ highly similar)

Start
10 s Transient Dot
ENG FAIL Enlarged AEO
FADEC FAIL Takeoff Power Range
FLI Engine T2/P2
ENG MANU
IDLE
TRAIN ENG
TRAIN IDLE FAIL
may apear as Caution on
both sides
Solid white rectangle

marks the parameter
represented by the pointer
FLI Engine T2+/P2+
T
FLI FAIL
FLI DEGR
may appear as
Caution on both sides FLI DEGR

Message Zone
LIMIT Warning
LIMIT Counter

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
FLI ZONE P2/T2 Countdown Timer

The engine 1 and 2 parameters are generated by the two FADEC AEO above MCP
systems and are displayed on the screen as numerical values with the 5’ countdown timer
corresponding measurement units. Five seconds before the time limit is reached the red flashing box, the
In addition, the parameter that is nearest to its limit is displayed as an limit symbol and the counter appear. When the time limit is expired, the
analog pointer on a scale (i.e. First Limit Indication) and the numerical red box is fixed.
value of the parameter indicated by the pointer is marked by a white OEI above MCP
rectangle.
2.5’ countdown timer (P2 only)
If a parameter fails, it is displayed in yellow characters without its Always becomes active if the power is above OEI MCP and within the
associated numeric value. 2’ power band without entering the 30’’ power band. In this case the
2’ power band is extended for 30’’ (derated 30’’ power).
AEO Power Bands
2.5’ countdown timer (T2 only)
When entering the solid yellow range the max. continuous power band The 2.5’ countdown timer is always active if the power is above the
is left and the H/C is operating in the 5’ take-off power band. MCP.
OEI Power Bands 2’ countdown timer (P2 only)
If a OEI situation is detected the 30’’ power topping function is the Becomes active if the power is above OEI MCP and within the 2’ power
default setting. Thus the 30’’ power band is available (small red triangle band and there has been an uninterrupted usage of the 30’’ power
in the FLI pointing at the 30’’ power limit; indication OEI HI on the right band for more than 5 seconds during continued operation above OEI
side in the FLI, respective digital value(s) red blinking underlined when MCP.
band is entered). 30’’ countdown timer
If desired the pilot can select the 2’ power topping function (selector Becomes active if the power is above OEI MCP and within the 30’’
switch on the collective). The small red triangle appears at the 2’ power power band.
limit and the indication OEI LO is shown in the FLI (respective digital Only one counter is presented to the pilot at a given time, providing the
value(s) yellow steady underlined when band is entered). remaining time within the power band he is using.
Internally the times in the 2’ and 30’’ power band are accumulated.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
FLI -- Marking Symbology on Analog Display (Example T2/T2+, P2/P2+ highly similar)
T2+/P2+
Max. TOT starting (appears only during starting)
TOT starting transient (appears only during starting)

TM max. 5 sec, PW max. 2 sec.
AEO Take-off power range, max. 5 min

T2/P2
75 % T2/P2
AEO Max takeoff power
78 % T2+/P2+
86 % T2/P2
OEI Max. continuous power
89,5 % T2+/P2+
OEI 2.0 min power
OEI Transient, max. 30 sec
Transient dot TRQ 82% for 10 sec. OEI LO

(appears not during starting and training mode)
T Training mode activated
OEI HI T
OEI LO appears, when operating in the OEI 2.0 min. power band
Topping Symbol indicates the selected OEI
OEI HI appears, when operating in the OEI 30 sec. power band
2.0 min. or 30 sec. power limitation

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
ENG EXCEED Caution engine parameter does not allow a minimum of 3 pulls with full single
EC135 T2 excursion time i.e. if the remaining total time is less than 90 s and 360 s
for the 30’’ and 2’ OEI power band respectively.
The ENG EXCEED caution appears on ground under the following
conditions: ! NOTE The ENG EXCEED caution is stored in the FADEC
Exceedance of a single time excursion in a OEI power band (2’ or 30’’). and appears at the next engine start up.
Significant exceedance of the 30’’ power band with reaching and Warnings
maintaining the following values for more than 5 seconds: 136 % Tq, LIMIT symbol with box and audio warning GONG
4.8 % n n1 (only possible in case of topping function failure) or 1024 °C
TOT. Two different limit conditions for the activation of the LIMIT light with
box and the audio GONG are possible:
If the accumulated time limit of one of the engine parameter does not
allow any more a triple complete usage of the emergency power time. -- The LIMIT symbol with box activation due to OEI/AEO
(90 sec. within the 30” power band and 6 min. within the 2’ power time limit exceedance.
band.) As soon as only 5 s of the allowed time in either power band (5’, 2’ or
EC135 P2 30’’) are left, a LIMIT symbol with a blinking red box appears. This
provides the pilot with a precaution that the allowed time within the
The ENG EXCEED caution appears in flight under the following power band is about to expire. If the allowed single time excursion is
conditions: consumed (counter reaches 0), the box stops blinking, turns into
Significant exceedance of the 30’’ power band with reaching and steady state. The audio GONG is triggered.
maintaining the following values for more than 5 seconds: 133 % Tq,
104.3 % n1 or 990 °C TOT (only possible in case of topping function -- The LIMIT symbol with box and activation due to
failure). limiting value exceedance.
Exceedance of a single time excursion in a OEI power band (2’ or 30’’). Exceedance of one of the engine or H/C limiting parameters (30’’
In the latest FADEC software version the caution disappears when the power, 5’ take-off power, mast moment) triggers the LIMIT symbol with
respective power band is left. the box in the steady state together with the audio signal at once.
The total allowed time in a OEI power band is expired. ! NOTE Whenever red limit has been reached or an
exceedance is evident, a logbook entry and
The ENG EXCEED caution appears on ground under the following maintenance action is required. Depending on time
conditions: and maximum value the lifetime of the major
If due to the cumulated total time in one or both OEI power bands any components can be reduced or totally expired.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Digital Data Display
A value within the If a parameter is invalid,

normal operating the numerical value disap-
range. pears and a yellow failure
symbol appears.
A solid white rectangle associated with a parameter indicates the parameter shown by the needle.
If operation in a yellow range is detected, a countdown timer is automatically switched on and the
digital data is yellow underlined.
If operation in the red range is detected, the red underlining of the digits flashes.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Page for Electrical and Vehicle Parameters

(ELEC/VEH)
The page for the parameters of the engines and of the electrical
system is displayed automatically on the lower VEMD screen. The
units for the various parameters on this page can be selected in the
configuration mode.
The following parameters can be displayed:
-- outside air temperature OAT
-- load on cargo hook, cable length external hoist, ice warning
system (options)
-- voltage and current
-- oil pressure and oil temperature of the engines and of the
main transmission.
The voltage and current indication automatically shows the voltage of
the generators. This setting can be changed to generator current or
battery current (i.e. BAT display) by operation of the SELECT and +
and -- keys. If a value is invalid, “XXX“ is displayed in yellow characters.
The oil pressure and temperature indication consists of a vertical bar
with upper and lower limits for each parameter and a numeric display
with associated unit of measurement.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Engine and Electrical System Parameter
Outside Air Temperature
External Load: [kg, lb]

Cable Length [m, ft] HOOK kg
Ice Warning System
Generator Field:
DC [V], GEN [AMPS], BAT [AMPS]
Bar Graph Markings

for Pressure and Temperature
[bar. psi. °C]
PW TM

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
ELEC/VEH -- Bar Graph Display
Normal operation range Caution range, the numeric Maximum range, the numeric If there is an invalid para-
value is yellow underlined value is red underlined meter, a yellow symbol
(blinking) and the yellow and appears
red markings grow

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
SYSTEM STATUS Page

The SYSTEM STATUS page is displayed on the lower VEMD screen
and is called up by way of the SCROLL key. FADEC data from the
respective engines are displayed.
The units for the various parameters on this page can be selected in
the configuration mode.
The MSG and FAIL lines display messages and error codes. These
lines can be accessed individually with the SELECT key. When a line
is selected, the + or -- key can be pressed to continuously cycle the
current messages and error codes for FADEC 1 and FADEC 2
simultaneously in their respetitive order.
The values of the parameters of FADEC 1 and FADEC 2 are displayed
below the MSG and FAIL lines and are continuously updated.
In the lower area of the screen the affected subsystem is written, which
creates during the present / last flight, minimum one failure code
(SW 2003 and up).

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
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SYSTEM STATUS Page
SCROLL SELECT SELECT SCROLL

XXXXX MSG XXXXX XXXXX FAIL XXXXX
activates “system
failure” function + or -- + or --
back to the previous page

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
System Status Page
Software up to 2003 (TM) Software 2003 (TM)
SYSTEM STATUS SYSTEM STATUS

XXXXXXXXXX MSG XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX MSG XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXX FAIL XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX FAIL XXXXXXXXXX
F XXXX.X PO XXX.X mBAR F F XXXX.X PO XXX.X mBAR F
XX.X EGT XX.X °C A A XX.X EGT XX.X °C A
A TRQ trim X.XX % X.XX TRQ trim X.XX %
X.XX
D N2 D D N2 D
XXX.X XXX.X % XXX.X XXX.X %
E XXX.X N2 trim XXX.X % E E XXX.X N2 trim XXX.X % E
C XX.X T1 XX.X °C C C XX.X T1 XX.X °C C
1 XX.X CLP XX.X % 2 1 XX.X CLP XX.X % 2
FCDS1/AFCS SUBSYSTEM XXXXXX XXXXXX

FCDS2 SUBSYSTEM XXXXXX XXXXXX
MSG . . . . . . MSG Indication: IDLE... N2 . . . . . . . . Power Turbine RPM

FAIL . . . . . . . FADEC Failure Codes N2 trim . . . . . n2 Ref. Speed Trim Value
PO . . . . . . . . FADEC Ambient Pressure T1 . . . . . . . . . Engine Inlet Air Temperature
EGT . . . . . . . Exhaust Gas Temperature CLP . . . . . . . Collective Lever Position
TRQ . . . . . . . Torque Trim Value

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
System Status Page PW
Software up to 2003 (PW) Software 2003 (PW)
SYSTEM STATUS SYSTEM STATUS

XXXXXXXXXX MSG XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX MSG XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXX FAIL XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX FAIL XXXXXXXXXX
XXXX.X PO XXXX.X mBAR F F XXXX.X PO XXXX.X mBAR F
F XX.X CLP XX.X % XX.X CLP XX.X %
A A A A
X.XX Q. GT X.XX % D X.XX Q. GT X.XX %
D N2 D N2 D
XXX.X XXX.X % E XXX.X XXX.X %
E XXX.X N2 trim XXX.X % E XXX.X N2 trim XXX.X % E
C C C C
XX.X T1 XX.X °C XX.X T1 XX.X °C
1 2 1 2
XXXX.X TOT.T XXXX.X °C XXXX.X TOT.T XXXX.X °C
XX N1. der XX %/s XX N1. der XX %/s
X.X Q. mat X.X % X.X Q. mat X.X %
FCDS1/AFCS SUBSYSTEM XXXXXX XXXXXX

FCDS2 SUBSYSTEM XXXXXX XXXXXX
MSG . . . . . . MSG Indication: IDLE... N2 trim . . . . . n2 Ref. Speed Trim Value

FAIL . . . . . . . FADEC Failure Code T1 . . . . . . . . . Engine Inlet Air Temperature
PO . . . . . . . . FADEC Ambient Pressure TOT.T . . . . . TOT Trim
CLP . . . . . . . Collective Lever Position N1. der . . . . n1 Derivated
Q. GT . . . . . . Torque Gain Trim Q. mat . . . . . Torque Match
N2 . . . . . . . . Power Turbine RPM

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CAUTION/FUEL FAIL Page

The CAUTION/FUEL FAIL page is displayed automatically on the
lower VEMD screen if the CAD has failed.
At the same time the n n1 information in the FLI (Turbomeca Versions
only) is lost and the FLI DEGR caution is triggered in the FLI and in the
CAUTION/FUEL FAIL page in the system I and system II column.
As the fuel information is only available in the CAD the
CAUTION/FUEL FAIL page shows an empty yellow box where
normally the fuel quantity is displayed. Furthermore only a degraded
caution list is available, indicated by CAU DEGR in the miscellaneous
field.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CAUTION/FUEL Fail Page (Example TM)
FLI DEGR CAU DEGR FLI DEGR
END FUEL Kg
FF1 FF2

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
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CAUTION/BACKUP Page
The CAUTION/BACKUP page is displayed on the CAD only if the
VEMD fails completely or has been deactivated. The following data are
displayed:
-- Cautions (degraded indication only)
-- Advisories
-- numeric readout of fuel contents in main and supply tanks.
-- engine 1 and 2 torque displays on analog scale with
numeric limiting values.
If a torque channel fails, the associated pointer and numerical readout
are faded out; the scale and TRQ parameter turn yellow.
As this page represents an emergency operating mode, no other
pages or data can be presented.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CAUTION/BACKUP Page
CAUTION/ADVISORY Half Page EC 135 T2/P2
EC 135 T1/P1
EC 135 T2+/P2+
BACKUP Page
Supply Tank 2
Supply Tank 1
Main Tank

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
FLIGHT REPORT Page

The ELEC/VEH page will automatically switch to the FLIGHT REPORT
page only if both engine n1 RPM drops below 50 % and the oil pressure
in the main transmission is less than 1 bar.
The page contains the following data:
-- flight number and flight duration
-- gas generator turbine cycles
-- power turbine cycles
-- impeller cycles (Pratt&Whitney only)
-- mast moment overlimit times (SW 2003 and up)
-- failure indication of the effected system (SW 2003 and up).
The page is automatically cleared upon initiation of the next start
phase.
Returning from this page to the nominal page is possible only by
operating the RESET key.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
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Flight Report Page PW
Software up to 2003 Software 2003 and up
FLIGHT REPORT FLIGHT REPORT

FLIGHT NUMBER XXXXX FLIGHT NUMBER XXXXX
DURATION 1 h 21 min DURATION 1 h 21 min
XX.XX CYCLE N1 XX.XX FLIGHT / TOTAL CYCLE FLIGHT / TOTAL
XXXXX.XX TOTAL XXXXX.XX XX.XX / XXXX.XX N1 XX.XX / XXXX.XX
XX.XX CYCLE N2 XX.XX XX.XX / XXXX.XX N2 XX.XX / XXXX.XX
XX.XX / XXXX.XX NP XX.XX / XXXX.XX
XXXXX.XX TOTAL XXXXX.XX
XX.XX CYCLE NP XX.XX OVERLIMIT TIME MAX
TOTAL MM > 66 % XX mn XX.X s XXX.X %
XXXXX.XX XXXXX.XX
MM > 78 % XX mn XX.X s XXX.X %
OVER LIMIT DETECTED
FAILURE DETECTED FAILURE: CPDS FCDS1/AFCS FCDS2
EXIT - > PRESS RESET EXIT - > PRESS RESET
FLIGHT NUMBER . . . Number of the last flight

DURATION . . . . . . . . . Duration of the last flight
CYCLE N1/N2 . . . . . . Number of Cycles n1/n2
CYCLE NP . . . . . . . . . Number of Impeller Cycles (PW)
TOTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Number of Cycles n1/n2/Impeller
MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refers to Mast Moment

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CPDS Switch Over Functions

General
Depending upon how many screens of the CPDS are available, the
pages on the CAD and VEMD can be switched manually and
automatically.
Three operating modes of the CPDS are possible:
-- normal mode (3 screens available)
-- derivative modes (2 screens available)
-- backup mode (1 screen available).
Normal Mode
In the normal mode all three screens are operative. All pages are
available in a variety of combinations, except the CAUTION/BACKUP
page.
The pages can be selected manually via the SCROLL key.
If the RESET key on the VEMD is pressed, the standard pages will
reappear on the screen.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CPDS -- Normal Mode
Normal mode in the phases “shut--down, start, relight, flight”
CAUTION SCROLL CAUTION

FLI FLI
FUEL FUEL
ELEC SYSTEM
VEH STATUS
Exception: when shifting from “flight” to “shut--down” phase
CAUTION automatically CAUTION

FLI FLI
FUEL FUEL
ELEC
FLIGHT
VEH REPORT
RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Derivative Mode with one VEMD Line off

The VEMD consists of a housing with two integral screens and two
processing modules (lanes) which are each plugged into one of the
screens within the housing. Although they are logically linked, they can
also operate independently of each other. Therefore, if a screen or a
processing module fails, the part of the VEMD that is still functioning
will still be able to present the most important data.
If one of the VEMD screens fails in flight, the FLI page will continue to
be displayed on the intact VEMD screen, the CAD will display the
CAUTION/FUEL page (degraded caution indication), and the
ELEC/VEH page will be available when the SCROLL key is actuated.
On the ground, the page SYSTEM STATUS can also be selected.
The FLI or CAUTION/FUEL FAIL pages will automatically switch to the
FLIGHT REPORT page only if both engine RPM drops below 50 %
and the oil pressure in the main transmission is less than 1 bar.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Derivative Mode with one VEMD Lane off
flight phase shut down phase ground phase
CAUTION CAUTION CAUTION SCROLL

FLI FLI FLI
FUEL FUEL FUEL
SCROLL RESET SCROLL

ELEC SYSTEM
VEH STATUS
ELEC ELEC ELEC

FLIGHT
FLI FLI SCROLL
VEH VEH REPORT VEH

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Derivative Mode with CAD off

The CAUTION/FUEL FAIL page will appear automatically on the lower
VEMD screen.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Derivative Mode with CAD off
flight phase shut--down phase
FLI
CAU
XXX
automatically
SCROLL
FLI
basic page
SYSTEM
STATUS
RESET
FLI FLI
SCROLL
ELEC
FLIGHT
VEH REPORT

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Backup Mode with CAD and one VEMD Lane off

If one of the VEMD screens fails in flight, the FLI page will be presented
on the intact VEMD screen.
With the SCROLL button the CAUTION/FUEL FAIL page and the
ELEC/VEH page can be selected.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Backup Mode with CAD and one VEMD Line off
flight phase shut--down phase
SCROLL
FLI
automatically
basic page
SCROLL ELEC
VEH
RESET
CAU SCROLL FLIGHT

REPORT
XXX

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Backup Mode with both VEMD Lines off

If only the CAD is still operating, the CAUTION/BACKUP page is
displayed.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Backup Mode with both VEMD Lines off
CAU
BACKUP

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Maintenance Menu
The maintenance menu is displayed on the VEMD (upper screen). The
sub menues provide access to flight and failure dates. The following
sub menues are possible:
-- Flight Report
-- Failure
-- Over Limit
-- Inflight EPC Result
-- Trans Data
-- Funct. Times
-- Data Loading.
The maintenance mode can only be entered when the engines are
detected in the “shut-down” state. The VEMD screens must be
switched off, the CAD must be switched on.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
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Maintenance Menu
Entry to Maintenance Menu: simultaneous press the

The operation must follow press both keys four keys and hold until
within two seconds to switch off RELEASE KEY appears
OFF1 SCROLL OFF1

MAINTENANCE MENU
FLIGHT REPORT
FAILURE
OVERLIMIT
OFF2 RESET OFF2
INFLIGHT EPC RESULT
TRANS.DATA
FUNCT. TIMES
DATALOADING
SELECT ENTER RESET
to scroll through enters the EXIT

the fields submenus

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Flight Report
Flight Report History Page
The Flight Report History page shows CPDS flight numbers and
indicates duration of the respective flight.
Duration counting starts if:
-- n1 RPM engine 1 or engine 2 > 50 %
-- XMSN oil pressure is > 1 bar
-- angle of collective lever CLP > 28.5 (TM) or 17 % (PW ).
The Flight Report History can only be entered when the ground state
is detected. The page stores the last 32 flights. They are selectable
with the + / -- button.
! NOTE No. 1 flight is always the latest flight.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
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Flight Report History Page PW
FLIGHT REPORT HISTORY FLIGHT REPORT HISTORY

PG FLIGHT NUMBER XXXXX
PG
1 DURATION 1 h 21 min
CPDS FLIGHT NO.: 234 1
DURATION: 01 h 25 mn - FLIGHT / TOTAL CYCLE FLIGHT / TOTAL
--
XX.XX / XXXX.XX N1 XX.XX / XXXX.XX
12
XX.XX / XXXX.XX N2 XX.XX / XXXX.XX 12
+ XX.XX / XXXX.XX NP XX.XX / XXXX.XX
+
32 32
OVERLIMIT TIME MAX
MM > 66% XX mn XX.X s XXX.X %
MM OVERLIMIT DETECTED MM > 78% XX mn XX.X s XXX.X %
FAILURE DETECTED
FAILURE: CPDS FCDS1/AFCS FCDS2
EXIT PRESS RESET EXIT PRESS RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Failure
Flight Selection Page
The Flight Selection page indicates flights on which failures occured.
It shows the flight numbers and the number of accumulated failures
during that flight.
It is possible to scroll within the last 32 flights with failures. By pressing
the ENTER button the failures of the selected flight will be displayed
in detail.
! NOTE If power is supplied to the aircraft’s electrical

system and a failure on ground is detected (e.g.
internal/external check) the CPDS stores this
failure. The CPDS uses the next flight number to
store those failure codes. They can be displayed in
the Flight Report History page.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Flight Selection Page / Subsystem Selection
FLIGHT SELECTION SUBSYSTEM SELECTION
FLIGHT NO. 57
32
SUBSYSTEM NO. FAIL
+ VEMD 8
FLIGHT NO. NO. FAIL
57 12 10 CAD 2
--
EXIT PRESS RESET EXIT PRESS RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Overlimit
Overlimit Menu Page
The Overlimit page shows the last 8 flight numbers. By selecting one
flight number a new page appears.
This page shows two ranges (MM > 66 %, > 78 %) together with the
time of exceedance and the maximum reached moment.
The lower two lines are indicating the cumulated time for the two
ranges.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Overlimit Menu Page
OVERLIMIT MENU MM OVERLIMIT FLT NO. 215
215 LIMIT TIME MAX

214
213 MM > 66 % 0 mn 35 s 79.9 %
FLIGHT MM > 78 % 0 mn 12 s 79.9 %
NUMBER. 212
211
210 MM > 66% ACC. TIME: 31 mn 12 s
209
MM > 78% ACC. TIME: 02 mn 12 s
208
SELECT NUMBER AND ENTER EXIT PRESS RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Transfer Data
Transfer Data is used to copy data from one VEMD lane to the other
in case one of the processor modules has been changed or a
configuration difference between the processor lanes has been
indicated.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Transfer Data Page
TRANSFER DATA
TRANS. DATA : 1(L) 2(R)

TRANS. DATA : 2(R) 1(L)
NO / YES
EXIT PRESS RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Functional Times
The Functional Times page shows the accumulated flight hours and
function times for the VEMD modules 1 and 2 and the function times
for the CAD.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Functional Times Page
FUNCTIONAL TIMES
MODULE 1 FLIGHT TIMES: XXXXXX h

MODULE 1 FUNCT. TIMES: XXXXXX h
MODULE 2 FLIGHT TIMES: XXXXXX h

MODULE 2 FUNCT. TIMES: XXXXXX h
CAD FUNCT. TIMES XXXXXX h
EXIT PRESS RESET

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Data Loading
With Data Loading a customized configuration file can be uploaded
(e.g. modified caution list).
! NOTE With the Avionique Novelle Configuration Tool

(software, board for PC, connecting cable to
maintenance connectors) the customer can upload
modified configuration files prepared by
EUROCOPTER. The actual software version
remains unchanged, only the basic configuration
file will be overwritten.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Data Loading Page
DATA LOADING

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
A/C CONFIG Page

The A/C CONFIG page is displayed on the VEMD (upper screen). The -- UNIT SYSTEM (SI), (IMPERIAL)
selected setting option in an equipment data field is modified by the + Determines which system of measurement units is used.
and -- keys. The next data field to be modified can then be selected with
The CONFIG mode can only be entered when the engine is detected
the SELECT key. The modified configuration is stored by selecting the
in the “shut-down” state and the VEMD screens must be switched off,
data field VALID with the SELECT key and then pressing the ENTER
the CAD must be switched on.
key. The system then skips back to the standard MENU page.
However, if the data field ABORT is selected and the ENTER key is Parameter SI IMPERIAL
pressed, the options in the data fields remain unchanged and the Altitude m ft
standard MENU page is displayed again.
Temp. (TOT, EGT) °C °C
The following parameters can be set on the A/C CONFIG page: Rpm/Torque (N1, % %
-- AUXILIARY FUEL TANK (N/I), TRQ)
Signifies whether or not an auxiliary fuel tank is installed. Temperature (OAT) °C °F
-- ICING RATE SYSTEM (N/I) Fuel weight Kg lb
Signifies whether or not an icing rate system is installed. Fuel quantity l, US gallon, IMP. l, US gallon, IMP.
-- BATTERY TEMP.PROBE (N/I), gallon gallon
Signifies whether or not a temperature sensor is installed Weights (general) Kg lb
for battery. Hour h h
-- SECOND BATTERIE (N/I), Minute mn mn
Signifies whether or not a second battery is installed.
Second s s
-- EXTERNAL LOAD (N/I); HOOK, CABLE
Electrical power W W
Signifies whether or not a cargo hook or an external hoist is
installed. Flow rate Kg/h, l/h, US gal./h, lb/h, l/h, US gal./h,
IMP gal./h IMP gal./h
-- FUEL FLOW WITH SENSOR (N/I),
Signifies whether or not a fuel flowmeter is installed. Pressure bar psi
-- FUEL UNIT (LITER), (kg), (lb), (US GALLON), (IMP GAL.)
Signifies which unit of measurement is used to indicate the
tank contents.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
A/C CONFIG Page

simultaneously press the
Entry to CONFIG--Mode:
press both keys four keys and hold until
The operation must follow
to switch off RELEASE KEY appears
within two seconds
OFF1 SELECT OFF1

DATA LOADING
AUXILIARY FUEL TANK : N/I
ICING RATE SYSTEM : N/I and
BATTERY TEMP. PROBE : N/I
SECOND BATTERY : N/I OFF2 ENTER OFF2
EXTERNAL LOAD : N/I
FUEL FLOW WITH SENSOR : N/I
FUEL UNIT : KG
UNIT SYSTEM : SI SELECT SELECT
ALT. AND SPEED UNIT : FT
+ --
MAST MOMENT : I
VALID / ABORT to scroll through installed not installed valid/abort

the fields
ENTER

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
CPDS Software Versions Overview

The major features of the different CPDS software versions and some V2001A (Part Number: ...05)
changes depending on h/c serial number are shown in the following
Integration of PW 206B2 engine.
listings:
Mast moment over limit recording.
Software Versions
CPDS configuration change possible via ARINC 485 bus included.
The software version can be identified with the last two digits in the part
number (e.g. part number ...02 corresponds software version V1999). V2001B (Part Number: ...06)
V1999 (Part Number ....02) Mast moment exceedance can be deleted.
Basic Version for EC135 T1 (TM 2B1 engines) and P1 (PW 206B Certification of the TRAINING MODE (single engine) for EC135 P1
engines). (PW 206B engines) and EC135 T1 (TM 2B1 engines).
Mast moment indication > 50 % yellow range, > 78 % red range. Caution FUEL is integrated.
The supply tank volumes reverts from blue into yellow if no transfer is V2002 (Part Number: ...07)
provided or if the supply tanks volumes are below a certain value. Certification for Training Mode (dual engine) EC 135 T2 (TM 2B2
V2000A (Part Number: ...03) engines); integration of the modified fuel system.
Modified mast moment indication: V2003 (Part Number: ...08)

> 50 % MM yellow underlined, > 66 % MM red underlined and flashing, Certification of Training Mode (dual engine) EC 135 P2 (PW 206B2);
GONG, LIMIT in a red box) integration of icing rate indication, inflight engine power check is now
Certified for TM engine upgrade 2B1A. possible.
Modified FLI: P1/T1 Transient torque layout change (red dot from 12.5 V2005 (Part Number: ...09)
to 14)
This CPDS software is needed for the new EC 135 T2+/P2+ version.
V2000B (Part Number: ...04)
Generator current limitation change: Gen. Amps underlined yellow ! NOTE For the certification status of the software version
when reaching 180 A (before 200 A). and the respective features refer to Flight Manual.
Certified for TM engine upgrade 2B1A_1 (TU45 installed).

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
H/C Serial Number Changes Overview

Up to SN 120 SN 337 and up
CPDS over temperature indication separate light (temperature sensor New interior fairing.
adjusted to 63 °C.
SN 445 and up
Voltage adjustment unit installed under the cover of the instrument
panel. The LH ventilation lines within the fuel cells are no more installed.
SN 121 and up SN 505 and up

CPDS over temperature indication integrated in the CAD caution list MTOW 2910 kg, new twist grips, RH Air Data Computer is standard,
(temperature sensor adjusted between 51 and 55 °C. a different type of gearbox oil is used in the main gearbox.
Voltage adjustment unit installed in the sensor units under the cabin
floor.
SN 169 and up
Only CPDS cockpit is available.
SN 218 and up
Maintenance connector installed in front of the center console
(possible retrofit back to SN 169).
SN 250 and up
Modified fuel system (increased volume, modified vent lines and
indication system).
SN 318 and up
CPDS software 2003.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Warning Unit
General Warning Indications

The warning unit centrally monitors several systems and provides The warning unit accomodates eight warning indications. They appear
visual and audio indications of arising malfunctions. red when illuminated and black when inactive. Each warning indication
simultaneously initiates a gong.
The unit contains the indication and evaluation units for each
monitored system as well as a power supply unit. One switch per All warning indications may be dimmed with the potentiometer
engine facilitates closure of the fuel valve. INSTR DIM BRT after engaging the associated switch on the overhead
panel.
Power Supply
The significance of the warning indications is outlined in the respective
The warning unit is supplied by the ESSENTIAL BUSBAR 1 and 2 via system chapters. The following are displayed:
the overhead panel installed circuit breakers:
-- LOW FUEL 1
-- WARN SYS I
-- LOW FUEL 2
-- WARN SYS II
-- AP. A. TRIM (Autopilot)
Test -- ROTOR RPM
To test the function of the indicator lights and also the audio warnings, -- BAT TEMP
a test switch TEST CDS/WARN UNIT is installed in the overhead -- BAT DISCH (Battery discharged)
panel. -- XMSN OIL P
-- CARGO SMOKE

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Warning Unit
Safety Guard
EMER OFF SW released

shut off valve is closed
white rim is visible
FIRE WARNING Eng. 1
EMER OFF SW 1
Press to release
EMER OFF SW pressed

EMER OFF SW 1 shut off valve is open
Illuminates together with white rim is not visible
instrument lights
Side-view EMER OFF SWITCH
ACTIVE
Illuminates white, if the EMER
OFF SW has been released

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
AP. A. TRIM ! NOTE BAT DISCH appears if the voltage of the EPU is
below the voltage of the battery and the battery is
The warning AP. A. TRIM indicates a failure of the autopilot system. It
discharded via the ESSENTIAL BUSSES only.
is illuminated for 10 seconds. The signal is triggered by the autopilot
computers.
XMSN OIL P
Rotor RPM The red indication XMSN OIL P comes on when the oil pressure in the
The ROTOR--RPM warning monitors a total of three limit values. It main gearbox is below 0.5 bar.
reacts in various ways depending on which limit value is exeeded or
dropped below. CARGO SMOKE
-- rotor RPM < 95 % (97 % T2/P2) The red indication CARGO SMOKE appears, when there is a signal
A steady red indication of ROTOR RPM and a pulsed tone from the smoke detector in the rear cargo compartment (optional).
is generated. (The pulsed tone can be switched off with FIRE--Warning with EMER OFF SW Switch
AUDIO RES.)
The warning unit consists of the fire warning logic circuit, FIRE
-- rotor RPM ≧106 %
indication with switch EMER OFF SW 1 and ACTIVE-indication resp.
The red indication ROTOR RPM flashes and a gong can be
FIRE indication with switch EMER OFF SW 2 and ACTIVE-indication.
heard. (The gong can be switched off with AUDIO RES.)
The fire warning logic circuit displays individual fire warnings for engine
-- rotor RPM ≧112 % 1 and engine 2 and if necessary activates the fire extinguisher system.
The red indication ROTOR RPM flashes and a continuous Operation of the switch EMER OFF SW 1 cuts the fuel supply to
tone is generated. (The tone cannot be switched off) engine 1 and the ACTIVE indication illuminates. Switch EMER OFF
BAT TEMP SW 2 cuts the fuel supply to engine 2.
The red indication BAT TEMP comes on when there is a battery n1 RPM Monitoring
overtemperature detected (above 70 °C). The n1 RPM is monitored for both engines separately. If the speed
BAT DISCH drops below 50 % signals are sent to the CPDS/CDS and
The red indication BAT DISCH comes on, when the battery is -- the ENG FAIL caution is triggered
discharded more than 2 ampers. -- the bleed air is switched off
-- the fire extinguisher system is activated, if a fire warning is
evident.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Warning Unit -- Adjustment
J1 J2
RTR 95 % (97 % T2/P2)

Top View
RTR 106 %
RTR 112 %
n1 50 %

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
LOW FUEL Warning Audio Warnings

A LOW FUEL warning is triggered by a sensor in the respective supply There are four kinds of audio warnings. They have different priority and
chambers of the fuel tank. some of them can be suppressed by the switch CDS AUDIO RES
(located at the cyclic stick). But they recommence indicating with each
new malfunction indication. The following exist in order of priority:
-- Continuous tone
The continuous tone has a frequency of approx. 2400 Hz
and cannot be suppressed. This tone is only activated by
the signal ROTOR RPM ≧ 112 %.
-- Pulsed tone
The pulsed tone has a frequency of approx. 600 Hz and is
generated with a 5 Hz rhythm. Can be suppressed. The
pulsed tone is activated when ROTOR RPM < 97 %
(P2/T2) or 95 % (P1/T1).
-- Gong
The gong is generated every three seconds and can be
suppressed. The gong is activated as soon as any warning
light illuminates. In the case of ROTOR RPM only if the
value of 106 % is exceeded.
-- Warning bell
Can be suppressed and is activated by fire warning.
! NOTE When there is a rotor RPM warning simultaneously

with a fire warning, the warning unit produces the
acoustic warning signal for rotor RPM ≧ 112 %
and < 95% only.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Switch Unit
General DC Power Control Switches

A number of switches are arranged in the switch unit. They are In the lower row of the switch unit the DC power control switches are
provided for: installed. These are:
-- engine control (upper row) -- two switches (GEN I, GEN II) for generator control with the
-- DC power control (lower row). positions NORM--OFF--RESET
-- one switch BAT MSTR to control the power supply from the
Engine Control Switches battery and from an external power source with the
For starting the engines two switches for each engine are provided: positions ON--OFF--RESET.
-- FADEC--switch (positions OFF--ON)
! NOTE The switch BAT MSTR must be in Position “ON”,
to power the respective engine electronic system.
even when the helicopter is supplied by an EPU.
-- ENGINE 1/2 start switches (positions OFF--IDLE--FLIGHT)
for automatic engine start and FADEC controlled governing
in ground idle or flight idle RPM.
To prevent inadvertant engine shut down, the engine start switches are
protected by a manually operated safety guard (to be closed after
engine start).

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Switch Unit
Training Selector Switch

FADEC with Safety Guard
Control Switch
ENG 1 FADEC
Start Switch ENG 1 Control Switch Start Switch ENG 2
ENG 2
Safety Guard Safety Guard
Control Switch
Generator 1
Control Switch
Generator 2
Control Switch
Battery/Ext.
Power

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Overhead Console
General Additionally max. two bus bars/inverters can be installed for AC

voltage (required for P&R SAS, weather radar, mechanical gyros...):
The overhead console which is part of the electrical power system is
installed in the center of the cabin roof. Busbars and circuit breakers -- AC busbar 1
supplying the electrical consumers are installed in the overhead -- AC busbar 2.
console. Several systems are activated and/or controlled by switches
Consumers with low energy demand and vital consumers for
in the overhead console.
emergency conditions are connected to the two ESSENTIAL busbars.
Components Further DC power consumers are connected to the SHEDDING bus
bars (not supplied when only the battery is available or in case of
The overhead console consists of component brackets and the front double generator failure).
panel. The front panel consists of three parts with a background
lightning and the labelling of the installed circuit breakers, switches The overhead console is supplied with current by the PRIMARY
and rheostats. busbars 1 and 2 or by the BATTERY busbar.
-- bus system 1 The BATTERY busbar supplies the ESSENTIAL busbars 1 and 2.
-- bus system 2 Further lines are lead from the electrical master box 1 and 2 to supply
the SHEDDING busbars 1 and 2.
-- switch unit of the overhead panel.
Bus Bars
The following bus bars distribute the current to the individual
consumers:
-- ESSENTIAL busbar 1 (PP10E)
-- ESSENTIAL busbar 2 (PP20 E)
-- SHEDDING busbar 1 (PP10S)
-- SHEDDING busbar 2 (PP20S).

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Overhead Console (Example) Switch SHED BUS

Switch BUS TIE I
AC BUS I Switch BUS TIE II AC BUS II
Switch AC BUS SEL
SHEDDING BUS II
SHEDDING BUS I
ESSENTIAL BUS I ESSENTIAL BUS II

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Switch SHED BUS Switch BUS TIE I / II

The Switch SHED BUS is a two position switch with the positions The switches BUS TIE I and BUS TIE II are three position toggle
NORM--EMER. The NORM position is protected by a safety guard, switches with the positions NORM--OFF--RESET. The switches are
which has to be opened before switching in the EMER position. protected by a safety guard, which positions the switch in the NORM
-- NORM position. The following functions are provided:
Both SHEDDING busbars are powered (the relays SBC1 -- NORM
and SBC2 are closed) when the electrical systems are Upon switching on the BAT MSTR, both bus tie contactors
supplied by a minimum of one generator or by an EPU. as well as the battery contactor close in order to connect
-- EMER the primary busbars and the battery busbar to each other.
This position is used in order to supply both SHEDDING -- OFF
busbars from the battery in case of double generator fail The associated bus tie contactor opens/remains open in
(the relays SBC1 and SBC2 are closed). order to separate the two primary busbars.
-- RESET
In order to reset fault messages and activated protective
functions after a bus tie contactor had opened
automatically by a system fault, the switch must be set to
RESET before the contactor can be closed again by
selecting the NORM position.
Switch AC BUS SEL (if two inverters are installed)

The switch AC BUS SELECT is a three position toggle switch with the
positions NORM--INV 1--INV 2.
In position NORM each inverter supplies it’s own bus bar. In case of
inverter failure, the remaining inverter can be switched on in order to
supply both bus bars.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Overhead Console -- Switches and Controls (Example)
TEST
RESET
OVERSPEED OVERSPEED
1 2
EMER
M M M M
I A I A
N X N X
OF F OFF
NORM

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Pitot--Static System
General altimeter and airspeed indicator or to the Air Data Computer (FCDS
cockpit). Ram-air pressure from the pitot tube and static pressure is
The pitot-static system picks up the dynamic and static pressure of the
supplied only to the airspeed indicator or to the Air Data Computer
ambient air of the helicopter. A number of drain ports are provided to
(FCDS cockpit).
remove water from the lines. Electrical heating elements prevent the
pitot and static pressure pickups from ice accumulation. With the static selector valve it is possible to select the pressure supply
from ambient pressure to cabin pressure in case of polluted external
Components static ports.
The pitot--static system of a conventionell cockpit consists of:
Pitot/Static Heating
-- Pitot tube
With the switch PITOT HTR in the overhead panel the electrical
-- 2 static ports heating for the pitot tube and the static ports can be switched on.
-- static selector valve (only pilot’s side)
There are three different versions for the indication in the cockpit:
-- Air Data Computer
-- Version 1: A green advisory comes on in the CDS if the
-- hose lines
heating is switched on (old software version).
-- flight instruments.
-- Version 2: A yellow caution appears in the respective field
Locations of the CDS/CPDS if the the heating is switched off.
-- Version 3: A yellow caution appears in the respective field
The pitot tube is located on the forward RH/LH side of the fuselage.
of the CPDS if the heating is switched off.
The static ports are located one on each side of the fuselage below the
A green advisory appears if the heating is switched on (SW
equipment deck. The static selector valve is located on the right-hand
2003).
side of the center part of the instrument panel.
For the dual pitot/static system two heating systems with two switches
The components are connected with hose lines.
are installed.
The pilot’s pitot-static-operated instruments are located on the
right-hand side of the instrument panel. ! NOTE With the EC 135 T2+/P2+ the RH Air Data Computer
is installed to provide speed signals for the CAT.A
Function
system.
The static ports supply static pressure to the vertical speed indicator,

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Pitot and Static Pressure System with FCDS
Pitot Tube Copilot Static Ports
Pitot Tube Pilot
Air Data Static Port

Computer
Cabin Pressure
Pitot Tube
Static Pressure Static Port
Selector Switch
Pilot Side Drain Drain Drain
Copilot Side
Air Data
Computer

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Handling of the EC 135
Lifting
General
The helicopter can be lifted with main rotor blades installed or
removed. For lifting a hoisting device is necessary.
Procedure
-- The hub cap must be removed.
-- Carefully insert hoisting device into the hub cap support on
the rotor mast and attach with bolt.
-- Secure the bolt with the safety pin.
-- Carefully lift helicopter while observing balance.
-- Avoid jerky movements under all circumstances.
! NOTE On early helicopter serial numbers the borehole in

the support might be rotated to 45 and the tool can
only be installed after the rotor blades have been
removed.
! NOTE Older hoisting device models might be limited to

2000 kg.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Hoisting Device
Hoisting Device Borehole for Bolt
Hub Cap Support
Bolt
Safety Pin
Side View

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Jacking Shoring
General General
The helicopter can be jacked with four jacking brackets and four jacks. The helicopter can be shored at the tail boom.
Special Tools Tools

The following special tools are necessary: -- Tail boom support
-- four jacking brackets Procedure
-- four jacks. -- Place the helicopter on an appropriate surface and on a
ground with a ground cable. In any case the helicopter has
Procedure to be grounded.
-- The helicopter must be placed on an even and solid -- Release the height adjustment lock of the tail boom support
surface. In any case, the helicopter has to be grounded. and retract the strut as required.
-- The four jacking brackets must be attached to the fuselage -- Position the tail boom support behind the horizontal
landing gear fittings. stabilizer and extend the strut until it touches the underside
-- The four jacks must be placed below the jacking brackets of the tail boom. Lock the strut using the height adjustment.
and the helicopter must be lifted evenly. Then the jacks
must be locked.
! NOTE The jacks must be actuated evenly. Otherwise the

helicopter may tilt and be damaged!

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Jacking and Shoring

Jacking Bracket (old)
Jacking Bracket (new)
Tail Boom Support
Jack

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Weighing
General -- Determine individual weights of weighing bracket and of 2
jacking brackets.
After completion of the leveling and dimensional check the helicopter
must be weighed. -- Attach 2 jacking brackets to the aft landing gear fittings.
Attach weighing bracket in the center of the front cross
Tools tube. Position one jack each with installed force measuring
device below the jacking brackets and below the weighing
The following tools are necessary for weighing:
bracket.
-- two jacking brackets -- Jack the helicopter.
-- one weighing bracket -- Apply spirit level or clinometer on cabin floor and level
-- three jacks helicopter in horizontal position.
-- weighing device
-- spirit level / clinometer. ! NOTE If weighing is performed with electronic force
measuring devices, more exact measuring results
Procedure are obtained by means of several weighing
-- The helicopter must be placed on a even and solid surface procedures.
in a closed draft-free hangar. Between the weighing procedures the force
measuring devices are to be interchanged in the
-- Remove ground handling wheels from helicopter.
counterclockwise direction. The final result of the
-- Establish empty weight condition of helicopter in weighing procedure is the mean value measured at
accordance with Flight Manual (FLM). the respective weighing point.
-- If installed optional equipment according to Equipment List
(EL) is weighed with the helicopter, ensure that the -- Read measuring values on the force measuring devices
equipment status is recorded at the time of weighing. and record the weighing result in the weighing report (Form
-- Ensure that prescribed filling quantities for lubricants and 201). Calculate net values and moments.
hydraulic fluid are observed. Defuel helicopter using its own
fuel pumps. After defueling appr. 9.45 l (2.5 gal U.S.) equiv.
7.6 kg (16.7 lb) of non-consumable residual fuel remains in
the fuel tanks.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Jacking Brackets for Weighing
FWD Center Jacking Bracket
2 x AFT Jacking Bracket

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Towing and Pushing

General Pushing
The EC 135 can be moved on ground by towing or pushing by For pushing the helicopter there are the following pushing points in the
manpower. fuselage area:
Tools -- Fenestron fairing, foreward and integrated control handles.

-- two transportation wheels -- LH and RH side shell below the engine deck
-- towing bar. -- LH and RH cabin structure
-- landing gear cross tube.
Procedure
For pushing, the towing bar is not necessary.
-- Install the two transportation wheels to the skid tube and
the cross tube and lift the helicopter.
-- Push the towing bar on LH and RH side on the skid tubes
and lock it by use of the fixing bolt.
! NOTE For towing the helicopter at least one guide and

one person stabilizing the rear structure must be
available.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Transportation Wheel and Towing BAR

Bolt
Pushing
Points
Hydraulic Jack
Hydraulic
Jack Lever
Transportation Wheel
Skid Tube
Fixing Bolt
Towing Bar

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Parking and Mooring

General Procedure
To protect the helicopter from environmental influence, it has to be -- All the electrical equipment has to be switched off.
covered and the main rotor has to be tied down depending on weather -- The helicopter must be grounded at the ground connection
conditions. with the ground cable.
-- Then all doors, windows and access doors must be closed.
Short-Time Covers
All short-time covers are stowed in a storage sack, which should be ! NOTE The engine outlets may be hot!
carried on the helicopter during flights.
The following short-time covers are available: ! NOTE Attach the short-time covers with the notice
REMOVE BEFORE FLIGHT so that the notice flag is
-- short-time cover Fenestron clearly visible outside.
-- short-time covers engine outlet
-- short-time covers, NACA inlet -- The main rotor is tied down with a lashbag to the tail boom.
-- short-time covers, pitot tube -- The main rotor has to be turned in direction of rotation until
-- short-time cover, front windows one of the blades is aligned with the tail boom.
-- short-time cover, NACA inlet roof -- The lashbag must be fitted over the end of the blade and
secured to the tail boom by wrapping the attached belt and
-- short-time covers, engine inlet
sack one full turn around the tail boom.
-- short-time cover, NACA inlet cowling.
! NOTE Turn the main rotor only in direction of rotation.

Edition EC Chile
EC 135
Training Manual
General
Covers
Lashbag
NACA Inlet
Direction of main rotor
rotation
Fenestron
Engine Inlet
NACA Inlet
Engine Outlet
Ground Connection
Transport Sack
Front Windows
Pitot Tube

Edition EC Chile

General Description: EC 135 Training Manual General

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Copyright:

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General Description: EC 135 Training Manual General

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EC 135

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 1

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 2

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 3

The Development of the EC 135

History Engine Versions

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 4

EC135 P2 / P2+ EC135 P1 EC135 T1 EC135 T2 / T2+

Analog EFIS Analog EFIS

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 5

General Description of the EC 135

General Tail Rotor System

The main transmission is a two-stage flat gearbox (produced by

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 6

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 7

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 8

2.32 m 0.74 m 1.05 m 1.23 m

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 9

General Intermediate Level

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 10

Daily servicing, maintenance checks

Repair on/off the helicopter extended

Manufacturer/authorized customers only

Major repair or overhaul at the manufacturer or at authorized service stations

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 11

Documentation of the EC 135

General Page Number Blocks

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 12

1. Element 2. Element 3. Element

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 13

Mechanic’s Documentation Pilot’s Documentation

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 14

ECD Helicopter Documentation EC 135

Mechanic Operator Pilot

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 15

General RH Pilot’s Extension

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 16

Cockpit Arrangement (CPDS, FCDS)

Overhead Panel Center Post

Pedals Cyclic Stick

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 17

Instrument Panel with CDS

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 18

Instrument Panel (CDS, Analog Flight Instruments)

SYSTEM I MISC SYSTEM II

F LOW FREE LOW XFER VOLT

LH SECTION CENTER SECTION RH SECTION

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 19

Triple Rotor RPM Indication Torque Indicator

Operation Dual TOT Indicator

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 20

Engine Monitoring Instruments TM

Triple Rotor RPM Indicator Torque Indicator

TOT Indicator n n1 Indicator

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 21

Dual nn1 Indicator T1 Dual n1 Indicator P1

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 22

Engine Monitoring Instruments P1

Triple Rotor RPM Indicator Torque Indicator

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 23

Oil Temperature and Pressure Indicator

For training and information only July 2006 00 -- 24

Oil Temperature-- and Pressure Indicator