ICT - CLASS : VII

WORLD WIDE WEB

Learning Objectives of this Chapter:
 To understand more about Internet.
 To Learn and develop the concept of World Wide Web.
 To learn the WWW working and basic functioning

Introduction:
WWW stands for World Wide Web. WWW stands for World Wide Web.It is a system
of interconnected internet servers that contain interlinked hypertext documents.

The World Wide Web abbreviated as WWW or W3 Or 3W or the Web is an

informationspace where documents and other webresources are identified by Uniform
ResourceLocators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the
Internet.TimBerners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.

Who owns the Internet?

No one actually owns the Internet, and no single person or organization
controls the Internet in its entirety. There are many organizations, corporations,
governments, schools, private citizens and service providers that all own pieces of the
infrastructure, but there is no one body that owns it all.
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) is an organization that is leading the effort to
standardize the web.

Protocols
A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for communicating data. Rules are defined
for each step and process during communication between two or more computers.
Networks have to follow these rules to follow successfully transmit data.

Few protocols that you experience on the web

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer protocol):
It is set of rules for transferring files (text, graphics Images, sound, video and other
multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.

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FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
It is a standard internet protocol used for exchanging files between computers on the
internet. It is also commonly used for downloading programs and other files to your
computer from otherservers.

TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) that allow computers

everywhere to communicate with each other, giving us access to whole worlds of
information.

TCP: It is responsible for dividing the data into small packets at the source computer,
and then reassemble the packets to the destination computer.

IP: It is responsible for the verifying the correct delivery of data from the source to
destination computer.IP ensures the successfully delivery of data. Data can be lost in
the intermediate network. IP adds support to detect error or lost data and trigger
retransmission until the complete data is received correctly.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):

It is used in sending and receiving emails. It also lets the user save messages in a server
mailbox and downloads them periodically from the server.

Components of the Web :

The components of the web are given below:
Web Client : This can be a laptop or a personal computer at home or at the office.
Web Server : This is the host computer connected in a web that contains data in the form
of a web page. Its main job is to deliver web pages and its associated content to its client
machine.
Web Browser : This is a software application in a laptop or a PC which is used to access
information on the web.
Internet Service Provider(ISP) : It is a company that offers its customers access to the
Internet. The ISP connects to its customers using a data transmission technology
appropriate for delivering data such as dial-up, DSL, cable, modem, wireless or
dedicated high speed interconnects.
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How the Webpage works:
The actual process of displaying the information from the web is given below:
i. Webpages are stored on the web servers interconnected around the globe.
ii. Entering the URL of the webpage in the Address Bar of the web browser on the PC
will send a request from the client machine to the server machine.
iii. The server transmits the webpage data to the computer and the web browser
displays it on the screen.

SOME POPULAR ABBREVIATIONS:

1. IP -Internet Protocol
2. ISP- Internet ServiceProvider
3. HTTP– hypertext transfer protocol
4. SMTP- Simple Mail TransferProtocol
5. TCP- Transmission ControlProtocol
6. W3C- World Wide WebConsortium
7. FTP- File TransferProtocol
8. WWW- World Wide Web
9. URL – Uniform/Universal Resource Locator
10. DSL – Digital Subscriber Line

IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES :

1. Web Browser : It is a software application used to access information from the web.
E.g.- Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Safari, Sea Monkey,etc.
2. Web Server :Itis the host computer connected in a web that contains data in the form
of a webpage.
3. Webpage- web page is a document available on world wide web. Web Pages are
stored on web server and can be viewed using a web browser. A web page can
contain huge information including text, graphics, audio, video and hyper links.
These hyper links are the link to other webpages.
4. TCP : It is responsible for dividing the data into small packets at the source machine,
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 and then converting it back to normal data at the destination machine. It is also
responsible for the moving packets of data from node to node.
5. IP : It is responsible for the verifying the correct delivery of data from the source to
destination computer. Data can be lost in the intermediate network. IP adds support
to detect error or lost data and trigger retransmission until the complete data is
receivedcorrectly.

SUMMARY :
1. WWW is a system of interconnected internet servers that contain interlinked
hypertext documents.
2. A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for communicating data.
3. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer protocol) is set of rules for transferring files (text, graphics
Images, sound, video and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.
4.FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard internet protocol used for exchanging files
between computers on the internet.
5.TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) allows computers
everywhere to communicate with each other, giving us access to whole worlds of
information.
6. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and receiving emails
7. Web Client : This can be a laptop or a personal computer at home or at the office.
8. Web Server : This is the host computer connected in a web that contains data in the
form of a web page.
9. Web Browser : This is a software application in a laptop or a PC which is used to
access information on the web.
10. Internet Service Provider(ISP) : It is a company that offers its customers access to the
Internet.
Revision Question and Answers :
1. What is WWW?
Ans. WWW stands for World Wide Web.It is a system of interconnected internet servers
that contain interlinked hypertext documents.
2. Explain SMTP?
Ans. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)is used in sending and receiving emails. It
also lets the user save messages in a server mailbox and downloads them periodically
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 from the server.
3. Differentiate between Web Client and Web Server.
Ans.
Web Client Web Server
This can be a laptop or a personal This is the host computer connected in
computer at home or at the office. a web that contains data in the form of
a web page.

4. What do you mean by Protocol?

Ans.A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for communicating data.
5. Define ISP.
Ans. ISP stands for Internet Service Provider. It is a company that offers its customers
access to the Internet.

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