Quantum Career Endeavour

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books notes quizzes available on www.ChemistryABC.com

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Basic Principle of Quantum Chemistry CD

Photo-electric equation:
When a radiation of frequency v is incident on the metal surface in vaccuin, it can be either be reflected
from the metal surface or it can be completely absorbed by an electron. In the second case, the electron
can be knocked out of the surface. The emission of elec tron from the metal surface is possible only if
hv > W0. The remaining energy ( hv-Wo) can be utilized to impart kinetic energy ofthe emitted electrons.
e ee e
ee e e
om
Figure: Mechanism of Photoelectric effect.
So, the maximum kinetic energy ofthe emitted electrons is
.c
1 2
, E,k,m.�.==zmv01ax hv - W0 = hv - hv0
C
where 'm' is the rest rnass,Htifitelectr;n,· vmax isthe maxinlrimveiocitypfthe emitted electrons and V is the
B
O
threshold frequency. l'hls'�!fti6�ell-Jmo\1/nEmstefu'sphoto--electiice�u�tion.
. .. A
EA11Iaination of Ph�to:;I�cttic �ffect{ · , ..
y
(i) If V <Vo, the mai411lim kinfaiC��ergyoftl1e emitted photo-elcmm is negative. This means that no
electrons could be �inljfed iftheifekt'ency oftheiricidertt J>hoto11vkless than the threshold frequency
tr
··.- --_ , ·, >·,--i,··_,_4, . :·.: ,·· - ··_ · , ·_, · \ ·. _''.,./,- ·_-_, ·

·,::,_·�. :·:<·/>'
is
Vo.
(ii) Above the thres�o14!t't9.Mtrqy,t e maximum kinetic �rrei;gyot.the emitted photoelectrons varies
_,-._;;,,,,/,":
linearly with V, it �t)�/rt ... • ,,,

h
-.,qdn
the'int�n it)'Of t.heinci��nfraoiation.
m
s
(iii) An increase in ti}.... .'. Jile,incidet1tradiationf9r-afi.A�dfi·equency v, is equivalent to the
increase in the nµll_\ .· . ' ,1;•tsi9,J�a�ot energy. . .
he
(iv) Above the threshol4:fr�gµ�h}y/ih(i�dicientphoton is aps9rl)edJtan

..· · ·. ' instant by the electron and is
emitted instanta nei µs1 {'. ; ': , ,, , ,, :,,,,:'!)<+>.:,·, .. '.·>·
' ·· ' , · , ·.· . ·'
.C
1. Electron are accelerated throu h 344 volts and are letit,c

�nit
w
when glancing angle 6\fi&\n a&n1

Soln. nA = 2d sin 0
w
h 6.6xl0-34
w
A= = 6 6x10-11
.J2meV .J2x9.lxl0- 31 xl .6xl0- 19 x344
nA = 2d sin0
lx6.6xl0-11 =2xdx Ji2 d =0.5A
2. A beam ofmono energestic neutrons corresponding 207°C fulls on a c1ystal. First order reflection is observed
at a glancy angle 30°. What is interplanar space.
h 6.6xl0-34
Soln. l.4A
;t .J2mkT - .J2xl.6xl0-27 xl.38xl0-23 x48
2dsin 30=;t :::::>2dx_!_ =l .4A � d=::l AA

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Basic Principle of Quantum Chemistry CD

So, the maximum kinetic energy ofthe emitted electrons is

··.- --_ , ·, >·,--i,··_,_4, . :·.: ,·· - ··_ · , ·_, · \ ·. _''.,./,- ·_-_, ·

linearly with V, it �t)�/rt ... • ,,,

(iv) Above the threshol4:fr�gµ�h}y/ih(i�dicientphoton is aps9rl)edJtan

1. Electron are accelerated throu h 344 volts and are letit,c

when glancing angle 6\fi&\n a&n1

lx6.6xl0-11 =2xdx Ji2 d =0.5A

2dsin 30=;t :::::>2dx_!_ =l .4A � d=::l AA

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