Unit II: Image Enhancement and Restoration

1. Which type of enhancement operations are used to modify pixel values according to
the value of the pixels neighbors?
a) Pointoperations
b) Localoperations
c) Globaloperations
d) mask operations

2. Frequency domain refers:

a) Its processing techniques are based on modifying the Fourier transform of an image.
b) Itsprocessingtechniquesarebasedon modifyingtheLaplace transformofanimage.
c) a &b
d) None

3. Image negatives a gray level transformation is definedas:

a) s=L-1-r
b) s=L-r
c) s=r-1-L
d) none

4. the principal disadvantage of piecewise functionis:

a) that their specification requires considerably more userinput.
b) that their specification requires considerably more useroutput.
c) a &b
d) None

5. Smoothing spatial filters are usedfor:

a) blurring
b) noisereduction
c) a &b
d) None

6. DFT standsas:
a) Discrete Fouriertransform
b) digital functiontransform
c) digital frequencytransform
d) none

7. Basic steps for filtering in the frequencydomain:

a) Fouriertransform
b) Filter function
c) Inverse Fouriertransform
d) all ofthese

8. A generalization of un-sharp masking is:

a) high boostfiltering
b) low boostfiltering
c) a &b
d) none
9. Restorationtechnique:
a) Itsorientedtowardmodelingthedegradationandapplyingtheinverseprocessinorderto
recover the originalimage.
b) Itsorientedtowardmodelingthegradationandapplyingtheinverseprocessinordertorecover
the originalimage.
c) Itsorientedtowardmodelingthedegradationandapplyingtheprocessinordertorecoverthe
originalimage.
d) none ofabove

10. Fourier spectrum of noise is constant, the noiseusually:

a) Whitenoise
b) Rednoise
c) green noise
d) none ofabove

11. Bipolar impulse noise is alsocalled

a) salt and peppernoise
b) whitenoise
c) Gaussiannoise
d) none ofabove

12. spatial filtering is the method of choice in situation whenonly:

a) additive noise ispresent.
b) additive noise isabsent.
c) additive noise isdoublet.
d) none ofabove

13. The harmonic mean filter works wellfor.............

a) salt and peppernoise
b) Gaussian noise
c) Peppernoise
d) none ofabove

14. Advantageof is finding the brightest points in animage.

a) Maxfilter
b) Minfilter
c) median filter
d) none ofabove

15.

a) basics steps for filtering in the frequency domain

 b) basics steps for filtering in the spatialdomain
c) basics steps for filtering in the timedomain
d) none ofabove

16. Detect the three basic types of gray-leveldiscontinuities

a) points
b) lines
c) edges
d) all ofabove

17. This is a:

a) Point Detectionmask
b) Line detection mask(Horizontal)
c) Line detection mask(vertical)
d) none ofabove

18. Blurred edges tend to be ....... and sharp edges tend tobe......:
a) thick,thin
b) thick,thick
c) thin,thin
d) none ofabove

19. This is a:

a) Prewitt edge detection gradientmask

b) Sobeledge detection gradientmask
c) Roberts edge detection gradientmask
d) none ofabove

20. This isa:=

 a) Prewitt edge detection gradient mask
b) Sobeledge detection gradient tmask
c) Roberts edge detection gradient mask
d) none ofabove

21 Second derivative approximation says that value at end of ramp must be

a) nonzero
b) zero
c) positive
d) negative

22. More smoothness is created by the mask of size

a.1x1
b.2x2
c.3x3
d5x5

23. How is negative of an image obtained with intensity levels [0,L-1] with “r” and “s” being pixel
values?
a) s = L – 1 + r
b) s = L – 1 – r
c) s = L + 1 + r
d) s = L + 1 + r
Answer: b

24. The general form of log transformations is ____________________

a) s = c.log(1 + r)
b) s = c+log(1 + r)
c) s = c.log(1 – r)
d) s = c-log(1 – r)
Answer: a

25. Power-law transformations has the basic form of ___________ where c and ∆ are constants.
a) s = c + r∆
b) s = c – r∆
c) s = c * r∆
d) s = c / r.∆
Answer: c

26. What is Gamma Correction?

a) A Power-law response phenomenon
b) Inverted Intensity curve
c) Light brightness variation
d) None of the Mentioned
Answer: a

27. Which process expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans the full
intensity range of the display?
a) Shading correction
b) Contrast stretching
c) Gamma correction
d) None of the Mentioned
Answer: b

28.Piecewise Linear Transformation function involves which of the following?

a) Bit-plane slicing
b) Intensity level slicing
c) Contrast stretching
d) All of the Mentioned
Answer: d

29. butterworth filter has ___________transition

a. smooth
b. sudden
c. paek
d. b&c

30. image restoration is to improve the _______________of the image

a) a.quality
b) b.noise
c) c.intensity
d) d.colour

31. histogram is the technique processed in

a) intensity domain
b) frequency domain
c) spatial domain
d) undefined domain