Angelica U.

Avila
BS Accountancy

ASSIGNMENT IN MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

MODULE 1 AND 2
LESSON 1: NATURE OF MATHEMATICS

Self-Introduction:
3.8. Assignment 1
How is math involve in the different fields? Try to think of ways on how math is
involve in the following fields.

Field Involvement

In our culture, mathematics and art come

together in beautiful ways. Often
Arts mathematicians and artists use art to help
them solve problems. Students are often
influenced when mathematics and art are
combined, and they may begin to see
mathematics as a beautiful and
imaginative subject. Poetry is also very
mathematical and has a lot of patterns in
it.

Mathematics and music have a

fascinating and ever-evolving relationship.
Many musical phenomena and principles
can be represented using mathematics.
Music Sound waves are used to define
mathematical frequencies, and
mathematics describes how strings vibrate
at those frequencies. Instruments are
mathematical; cellos have a
particular\shape to resonate with their
strings in a mathematical fashion.

During physical education classes,

Physical Education
students are exposed to a variety of
activities that enable them to apply math
concepts. Physical education instructors,
for example, often ask students to divide
themselves equally into classes, measure
the area of a basketball court, compute
their gains or losses on fitness tests and to
be specific also to get the BMI of a student
that we know uses formula with the
involvement of mathematical equation.
 Both necessitate the discovery of an
elegant solution to a problem. The beauty
Literature of math is in demonstrating an elegant
solution or building a model to represent a
problem, while the beauty of literature is in
finding the most elegant way to tell a story
or create a sentence. As a result, both
require a great deal of imagination.

The most important means of tackling

quantifiable problems is mathematical
Philosophy knowledge and the ability to use it, while
philosophical training improves the ability
to analyze issues, question received
assumptions, and clearly articulate
comprehension.

When we take a big picture look

at psychology, you can see how important
Psychology math is to the study of the mind and
behavior. For instance, through
quantitative (numbers-based) research we
can spot patterns, find connections, and
make discoveries. Mathematical
psychologists use formulas, statistics, and
other mathematical methods to predict
how people will behave in particular
situations and tasks. Mathematical
psychology also aims to bridge the gap
between quantifiable formulas and
qualitative human behavior prediction.
3.9. Assignment 2
1. What is Mathematics?
Mathematics (from Greek: máthema, 'knowledge, study, learning') is the study of
topics such as quantity (number theory), structure (algebra), space (geometry), and
change (change theory) (analysis). There is no universally agreed definition for it. It is
concerned with the logic of form, quantity, and arrangement. Math is present in every
aspect of our lives. All in our daily lives is built on it, including mobile devices, ancient and
modern architecture, art, wealth, engineering, and even sports. Many people wonder what
role mathematicians play in today's society. Math, such as applied mathematics, is not
only important in today's world; it is also critical. The branches of mathematics involved
in the study of the physical, biological, or sociological world are known as applied
mathematics. The goal of applied math is to develop a collection of methods for solving
scientific problems. Mathematical physics, mathematical biology, control theory,
aerospace engineering, and math finance are all examples of modern applied math.
Applied math not only solves problems, but it also finds new ones and creates new
engineering disciplines. Expertise in a wide range of math and science disciplines, as well
as physical intuition, common sense, and collaboration, are required of applied
mathematicians. Building a mathematical model of a phenomenon, solving the model,
and developing recommendations for performance improvement is a common approach
in applied math.

2. Discuss the nature of mathematics.

Mathematics shows unseen patterns that assist us in comprehending our
surroundings. Mathematics is now much more than arithmetic and geometry, and it
encompasses facts, measurements, and observations from science, as well as inference,
deduction, and evidence, also, mathematical models of natural phenomena, human
behavior, and social structures. Mathematics is, in practice, a science of pattern and
order. Numbers, chance, shape, algorithms, and shift are its domains, not molecules or
cells. Mathematics, as a science of abstract objects, uses reasoning rather than
observation as its standard of truth, but it still uses observation, simulation, and even
experimentation to discover truth. Because of its general applicability, mathematics plays
a unique role in education. Theorems and theories are both important and useful in
mathematics, and the best results are also exquisite and deep. Mathematics provides
science with both a base of truth and a level of certainty through its theorems.
Mathematics is a discipline that requires both logic and imagination, and it is actively
pursued. Both for a variety of practical reasons and because it is fundamentally
interesting. The beauty and intellectual value of mathematics are the essence of the
subject. Mathematics has a very special nature, as we have seen. As can be seen it can
be used all over the world. For instance, how do our life Is it possible to make a street
light that follows mathematical instructions? it also has a lot of ties to nature.

3. How is mathematics used in your daily life?

 One of the most important subjects for students is math. We all know that math is
a huge phenomenon. Engineering, science, and technology are only a few examples. I
can easily create a financial budget with the aid of math. I could figure out how much
money I have and how I want to spend it and almost every person on the planet uses
math to manage their finances.
As I cook, math is extremely useful. Since almost every recipe necessarily requires
the placement of the ingredients. One teaspoon sugar as well as a tablespoon of cayenne
pepper, for example. In addition, a half-cup of starch is equal to eight tablespoons of
starch. As a result, in order to prepare something delicious, I must have precise ingredient
measurements. Aside from that, if I want to prepare food for a large party. Then I’ll need
to find out how many supplies I’ll need to feed so many people. Most recipes are designed
to feed 4 to 6 people, but only math can help us figure out how much food to make for
more than six people.
I realized that math characterizes everything in nature. Also, mathematics provides
us with the golden ratio formula, which helps us to determine the aesthetic value of any
object. If we want to judge something's attractiveness, we can use the golden ratio to
decide whether if it is beautiful or not.
For anybody, time is the most important factor in achieving success. As a result,
we must be more analytical in our time management. Math allows me to better control
my time. Time management activities reflect the value of math. With the support of math,
I can make an educated decision about how to better invest my time.
As I previously said, math aids in the estimation of finances. But did you know that
it can also assist us in saving money? I waste money on items I don't need most of the
time. Math assists me in calculating how much money I would lose if I purchase that item.
Aside from that, life is all about taking chances. Almost everyone in the world takes a
financial risk in order to become wealthy. However, just a small percentage of those who
succeed.

4. How is mathematics applied in your field?

Math is used by accountants to understand facts and figures. This necessitates a
working understanding of fundamental and intermediate mathematical principles and
theories. In order to compute figures, the accountant should be familiar with the formulas
used. As part of their analysis, accountants may generate charts or graphs. Accounting
and math’s have a lot in common. There is little mathematics content to suggest that
mathematics and accounting have a close relationship. Accounting students perform a
wide range of calculations in their classes, making mathematics a critical component of a
successful accounting education. A nice, basic math class will be included in most
accounting programs to get you up to speed. In accounting, you will most often be
required to use whole numbers, fractions, decimals, percentages, ratios, order of
operations, exponents, and some general algebra. Accounting courses are heavily reliant
on mathematics, so strong academic performance in accounting can be linked to strong
mathematical ability and thus measured. All financial obligations required to keep the
business running can be handled with mathematics. Similarly, double entry record
keeping is used in accounting to record large amounts of money on a regular basis. An
accountant must have a working knowledge of bookkeeping, which includes both basic
and advanced math, since they are responsible for maintaining records containing
business transactions. An accountant in the public sector must be able to handle tax
matters. Audits and tax consultations are examples of these procedures, which
necessitate not only tax law expertise but also interest, gross profit calculations, and other
business concepts.

5. Why is mathematics important?

Mathematical application of matter is a methodical process. It is said in this way
because the subject teaches a man to be methodical and systematic. Math brings order
and avoids chaos in our lives. Power of reasoning, imagination, abstract or spatial
thinking, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and even successful communication
skills are some of the characteristics that mathematics fosters. Mathematics is the cradle
of all inventions, and the world could not move an inch without it. Everyone requires
mathematics in their daily lives, whether they are a baker, a farmer, a carpenter, or a
mechanic. Even insects use mathematics in their daily lives to survive. Mathematics
education will create not only more engineers and scientists, but also more people who
can learn and think critically and creatively, regardless of their career fields. It will be
required of tomorrow's workforce in all fields. Even a trip to the supermarket can be jam-
packed with mathematical applications and ways to entertain yourself with numbers.
Saving money and looking for bargains are two aspects of this. The ability to easily locate
unit pricing for a grocery item is key in determining what is and is not a good deal. As you
can see, even the mindless task of grocery shopping can become a mathematical
intersection of utility and enjoyment.
3.10. Forum 1
3-2-1. Try to remember what you have learned from the lesson. Fill in the table
with what is asked

Three things I learned

• I’ve learned about Fibonacci’s day, I didn't know there was such a thing, and
it's still celebrating in other countries
1.
• I found out who the mathematics provider was
• I’ve learned that Leonardo Pisano Bogollo were the one who spread the used
of Hindu Arabic numeral and Roman Numeral.
Two things I found really interesting

• arouse my interest is about the Fibonacci sequence number because I was

2 amazed. I've been living for 19 years and only now did I find out about it.
• I’m interested about spiral Fibonacci sequence number in snail flower, galaxy,
tree, storm and others.

One question I would like to know

3
• I want to know the deeper relationship of the golden ratio and the Fibonacci

sequence.
.
 LESSON 2: PATTERNS IN NATURE AND EARTH

4.2. Forum 1
List down at least 5 patterns that you see in your surroundings or in nature.

• Stripes
• Spiral
• Waves
• Tessellations
• Cracks
• Foams
• Trees
• Meanders
• Symmetries

4.6. Forum 2
Reflect: What did you realize about the existence of mathematics in nature?

Mathematics is all around us. It can be found in the things we make and the works
of art we admire. Even if we don't realize it, mathematics can be found in the natural world
around us, in the landscapes and species of plants and animals, including humans. It is
necessary for our attraction to other people, as well as our mobility. Mathematics exposes
hidden patterns that aid in our understanding of the world. Mathematics, as a science of
abstract objects, relies on logic rather than observation as its standard of truth, though it
does use observation, simulation, and even experiments to find truth. Mathematics has
always been an important tool in the advancement of science and technology, in fields as
diverse as Engineering, Biology, Philosophy, and the Arts, from the structure of buildings
to the discovery of new planets, from trade to fashion and new technologies. It can also
be found in nature, where it hides and reveals its allure in different forms, enthralling
researchers and inspiring poets. The concept of symmetry is one of the concepts that
best embodies mathematics in all of its elegance. It is our responsibility to draw our young
siblings’ attention to the data and to teach them to see the world in a mathematical way.
4.8. Assignment

Answer the following briefly but substantially. (5 points each)

1. Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world. Give at least 5.

• Symmetries

• Spirals

• Waves

• Foams

• Tessellations

2. Describe the relationship of the Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden

Ratio.

The famous "Fibonacci numbers" are the best approximation of the golden ratio.
Fibonacci numbers are a never-ending sequence that begins with 0 and 1 and
continues by adding the two numbers before it. For example, the Fibonacci
sequence's next numbers are 1,2,3, and 5. The ratios of sequential Fibonacci
numbers (2/1, 3/2, 5/3, etc.) approach the golden ratio. In fact, the higher the The
Golden Ratio and Fibonacci Numbers have a special relationship (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,
13, 21, ... etc., each number is the sum of the two numbers before it). When we use
0.142857 (1/7), we naturally get seven arms, and when we use the Golden Ratio, we
prefer to get Fibonacci Numbers. numbers, the closer their relationship is to 1.618.
The golden ratio is sometimes called the "divine proportion," because of its frequency
in the natural world. This unusual behavior isn't limited to sunflower seeds. Spiraling
leaves, branches, and petals are also possible. What is the reason for this? So that
new leaves do not block the sun from older leaves and the maximum amount of rain
or dew falls on the roots. In fact, when a plant has spirals, the rotation is usually a
fraction of two Fibonacci numbers (one after the other).

2. Explain the importance of the Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden Ratio.

Because of the so-called golden ratio of 1.618, or its inverse, 0.618, the
Fibonacci sequence is very important. Ignoring the first few numbers, any given
number in the Fibonacci sequence is roughly 1.618 times the preceding number. For
example, the Fibonacci sequence is important in phyllotaxis, which is the study of the
arrangement of leaves, branches, flowers, or seeds in plants with the goal of
emphasizing the existence of regular patterns. Any picture, whether it's to convey
important information or to produce an aesthetically pleasing photograph, must have
a good composition. The Golden Ratio will aid in the creation of a composition that
draws the viewer's attention to the photo's most important elements. The Most
Important Takeaways From atoms to massive stars in the sky, the golden ratio
defines predictable patterns. The ratio is derived from the Fibonacci sequence, which
was named after Leonardo Fibonacci, an Italian mathematician. Nature and the
financial markets both appear to use this ratio to sustain equilibrium. The Golden
Ratio is a symmetrical mathematical relationship made up of asymmetrical
components in a straightforward way. That relationship is a : b = b : (a + b) for the
algebra-inclined. Extrapolated radially, this results in a never-ending logarithmic
spiral that gets closer and closer to (but never quite reaches) the Golden Ratio, also
known as the Golden Mean (Phi). 1 : 1.618 can be expressed numerically for most
practical purposes related to human perception. It is inextricably linked to the
Fibonacci sequence, which states that the next number in a sequence is the sum of
the two preceding numbers.
5. Quiz

1. What is Mathematics?
Mathematics (from Greek: máthema, 'knowledge, study, learning') is the
study of topics such as quantity (number theory), structure (algebra), space (geometry),
and change (change theory) (analysis). There is no universally agreed definition for it. It
is concerned with the logic of form, quantity, and arrangement. Math is present in every
aspect of our lives. All in our daily lives is built on it, including mobile devices, ancient and
modern architecture, art, wealth, engineering, and even sports. Many people wonder what
role mathematicians play in today's society. Math, such as applied mathematics, is not
only important in today's world; it is also critical. The branches of mathematics involved
in the study of the physical, biological, or sociological world are known as applied
mathematics. The goal of applied math is to develop a collection of methods for solving
scientific problems. Mathematical physics, mathematical biology, control theory,
aerospace engineering, and math finance are all examples of modern applied math.
Applied math not only solves problems, but it also finds new ones and creates new
engineering disciplines. Expertise in a wide range of math and science disciplines, as well
as physical intuition, common sense, and collaboration, are required of applied
mathematicians. Building a mathematical model of a phenomenon, solving the model,
and developing recommendations for performance improvement is a common approach
in applied math.

2. Where is Mathematics?
Mathematics is everywhere, here are the 5 ways where do we used Mathematics.
On the phone with a friend. The majority of people nowadays communicate by texting on
their phones. It's easy, convenient, and affordable. Everyone has a cell phone, which
necessitates a simple understanding of ability and math. You'll need to understand
numbers and how they work, and thanks to modern technology, you can do almost
everything on your phone, from chatting and faxing to surfing the web. In the cooking
area. Baking and cooking often necessitate some mathematical ability. Every ingredient
must be weighed, and you may need to divide or multiply to get the exact amount you
need. Everything you do in the kitchen necessitates the use of math. Using the stove is
an example of basic math skills in action. Gardening is a hobby that I enjoy. Even
something as simple as gardening necessitates the use of basic math skills. Make a row,
count them out, or even make holes if you choose to plant or sow new seeds or seedlings.
So you're doing math even though you don't realize it. When doing anything new in the
garden, measuring skills are often required, and calculations are critical. Visual and
performing arts. Math is used in almost every form of art. You'll need to be able to
measure, count, and apply basic math to your work whether you're a sculptor, painter,
dancer, or even just making a collage for fun. Math skills are required for all forms of art.
Keeping a journal. Keeping a journal has become a necessary part of our daily routine.
We rush from one location to the next and from one appointment to the next. Making
appointments and creating a schedule that works for you necessitates the use of math.
We'll crash and burn if we don't keep a diary. Some people have to make appointments
in order to take a break. Math is a necessary skill in today's world.
3. How is Mathematics expressed, represented, and used?
Mathematical representations are visible or tangible productions – such as
diagrams, number lines, graphs, arrangements of concrete objects or manipulatives,
physical models, mathematical expressions, formulas and equations, or depictions on the
screen of a computer or calculator – that encode, stand for, or embody mathematical
concepts or relationships, as most commonly understood in education. Mathematics are
used in finance. Every financial transaction you've made has involved some form of
mathematics. When you go grocery shopping, you use straightforward addition and
subtraction. You compute percentages when you leave a tip. When creating a monthly
budget, you use more complicated equations involving fractions and percentages.
Compound interest is used in a variety of situations, including investments, mortgages,
car loans, and credit cards. Mathematics are represented in visual of information. This
are frequently used to organize, extend, or replace other methods of presentation. In
mathematics, visual representation entails designing and forming models that reflect
mathematical data (van Garderen & Montague, 2003).
4. What is the importance of mathematics in your life?
Math is essential in today's world. Everyone uses mathematics in their daily lives,
and most of the time they are unaware of it. Our world would be missing a key component
if math were not present. “Math is so important because it is such an integral part of our
daily lives. Mathematics plays such an important role in our lives; it is just as important to
teach it in elementary school as any other subject. Math should be studied by students to
help them solve problems and satisfy practical needs such as data collection, counting,
and processing. Furthermore, mathematics is required of students in order for them to be
able to pursue and comprehend the future. The ability to think critically about the world
around us is referred to as analytical thinking. Our ability to think logically about a situation
is known as reasoning. Analytical and reasoning abilities are valuable because they assist
us in solving problems and finding solutions. We can't live without math because it's
required at every stage of life. It is a topic that is relevant to all fields and professions. It
explains how things work and helps us to predict certain outcomes, which is how we've
come so far in life. It has simplified and simplified our lives. We would still be trying to
figure out everything in life if it weren't for math, which would lead to chaos.

5. Do you agree that Mathematics is useful in understanding the world we live in?
Cite one concrete example.
Absolutely yes because It enables us to comprehend trends, calculate
relationships, and forecast the future. Math is a strong tool for knowledge and
communication on a global scale. Students should use it to make sense of the world and
solve complicated, real-world problems. Perhaps the most important reason to study
mathematics is that it improves problem-solving abilities. Every citizen should be able to
reason and think analytically about an issue. Our brains are trained to seek solutions in a
logical manner as a result of the habits of mind associated with learning mathematics.
Mathematics aids in the precise interpretation of a person's ideas and conclusions. It is
the part of man's life and wisdom that deals with numbers and calculations. It has become
an indispensable factor in the advancement of our modern world because it plays such a
prominent role in our daily lives. The whole world is intertwined. These connections and
opportunities can be seen in everyday math. The sooner young learners can put their
skills into practice, the more likely our culture and economy will remain innovative.
Algebra can be used to calculate how quickly water becomes contaminated and
how many people in a third-world country who drink that water become ill each year.
Geometry can be used to describe the science behind architecture all over the world.
Death tolls from earthquakes, wars, and other natural disasters can be estimated using
statistics and probabilities. It can also forecast profits, the spread of ideas, and the
repopulation of previously endangered animals. Math is a strong tool for knowledge and
communication on a global scale. Students should use it to make sense of the world and
solve complicated, real-world problems. Rethinking math in a global context gives
students a new perspective on traditional content, making math more relevant and
meaningful to them.
 MODULE 2: MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE AND SYMBOLS

LESSON 1: THE LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS

3.1. Forum 1
Is Mathematics a Language? Explain your answer.
The language of science is known as mathematics. "Mathematics is the language
in which God has written the universe," according to Italian astronomer and physicist
Galileo Galilei. A system of communication must have vocabulary, grammar, syntax, and
people who use and understand it to be considered a language. This definition of a
language is met by mathematics. Math is used as a written rather than spoken form of
communication, according to linguists who do not consider it a language. Math is a
universally understood language. Mathematical vocabulary contains symbols that are
unique to math and is drawn from a variety of alphabets. In the same way that a sentence
in spoken language has a noun and a verb, a mathematical equation can be expressed
in words. When teaching or learning math, it's useful to understand how mathematical
sentences work. Because students are often intimidated by numbers and symbols,
translating an equation into a language they understand makes the subject more
approachable. It's essentially the same as translating a foreign language into a familiar
one. Math can be used as a universal language since it is the same all over the world. No
matter what language is used to accompany a sentence or formula, it has the same
meaning. Math aids people in learning and communicating in this way, even when other
barriers to communication exist.

3.6. Forum 2
Classify as a noun (N), mathematical expression (ME), English sentence (ES) or
mathematical sentence (MS): (14 points)

1. Rooster N
2. The word ‘up’ begins with the letter ‘u’. ES
3. 1+1 = 0 MS
4. 9+8 ME
5. 6-5 = 1 MS
6. The rooster is colorful. ES
7. Y Letter
8. y=4 MS
9. y−3 = 0 MS
10. c+4 ME
11. c + 4 = 3+ 11c MS
12. This sentence is true. ES
13. x + 0 = x MS
14. 1-x = x MS
15. Cat mat bat N
3.7. Assignment 1
In 200 words, write the similarities and differences between the English and
Mathematics languages. Cite your own examples or illustrations.

As a foreign language, English is spoken all over the world. Mathematics is the
language of science, but it is also a language that is used in everyday life. Mathematics
and science. Although both languages are considered to be languages, they are
considered to be completely different specializations. Mathematics is a common language
since, in most situations, billions of people use the same numbers and symbols all over
the world. Suppose a person in China will write a Chinese-language letter to an individual
in the United States. It is almost certain that no one in the United States will be able to
read it. If, on the other hand, he sends a simple mathematical equation with its solution,
it is almost certain that the individual in the United States will be able to "read" and
understand the solution. As a common language, mathematics is central to modern
society. It's used in tech, science, business, and financial services, as well as many other
industries and workplaces around the world. That is a language that is taught in schools
and learned from the first to the twelfth grade all over the world, and it is also a part of the
children are involved in sports during pre-school.
 LESSON 2: USING MATHEMATICS AS LANGUAGE TO SOLVE PROBLEMS

4.1. Forum 1
Write down the following in two 2 set notations.

1.Your 3 three topmost things that you want to accomplish for the week.

Activities for this week = {Prelim Activity in Art Appreciation, Assignment in

Math module 1 and 2, Assignment in Intermediate Accounting}

ALS Duties = {List of all learners, Assignment in Understanding Self and

Society, Lesson Plan}

2.Your 5 most unforgettable experiences.

Unexpected unforgettable moment = {15th birthday, fell into the creek, I got 75
grades in English subject, I became an honor student, I didn’t get grades lower
than 1.75}

Modeling unforgettable moments = {I wore wooden shoes when I first joined

the pageantry when I was in elementary, I lost to the runway well-known agency I
joined, I got the best in speaking award, many take me even if I don’t win in the
last runway I joined, we brought a lot of stuff to the set but it was forbidden to
retouch}
4.6. Assignment -bonus

Determine if the set of Rational Numbers is an equivalent relation using the

binary operation. Examples of set of rational numbers are integers, whole
numbers, fractions, and decimals numbers. Choose from any of the set of rational
numbers and apply the all properties of operations on real numbers under
multiplication.

Consider the set S = Z where x ∼ y if and only if 2|(x + y).

(a) List six numbers that are related to x = 2.

Solution: 2 ∼ (−4) since 2|(2 + (−4)).
2 ∼ (−2) since 2|(2 + (−2)).
2 ∼ (0) since 2|(2 + (0)).
2 ∼ (2) since 2|(2 + (2)).
2 ∼ (4) since 2|(2 + (4)).
2 ∼ (6) since 2|(2 + (6)).

(b) Prove that ∼ is an equivalence relation on S.

Proof. Reflexive: Let x ∈ Z.
Since 2|2x we have that 2|(x + x).
So x ∼ x.
Symmetric: Let x, y ∈ Z and suppose that x ∼ y.
Thus 2|(x + y). So 2|(y + x).
So y ∼ x.
Transitive: Let x, y, z ∈ Z and suppose that x ∼ y and y ∼ z.
Therefore 2|(x + y) and 2|(y + z).
So there exist k, ` ∈ Z such that 2k = x + y and 2` = y + z.
Add these equations to get 2k + 2` = x + 2y + z.
Subtract 2y from both sides to get 2(k + ` − y) = x + z.
Note that k + ` − y ∈ Z, because k, `, y ∈ Z and Z is closed under addition and
subtraction.
So 2|(x + z). So x ∼ z
 LESSON 3: BASIC CONCEPTS IN LOGIC

5.1. Forum 1. Determine if the following are propositions or not:

a. Is this an exponential function? NOT PROPOSITIONS

b. Eat now. NOT PROPOSITIONS

c. x – y = 3 NOT PROPOSITIONS

d. r/s = 2 NOT PROPOSITIONS

e. Covid-19 is a pandemic. PROPOSITIONS

5.2. Forum 2

Consider the following statements:

p: x is an element in the set of positive integers, A

q: x is an element in the set of negative integers, B

r: x is either an element of A or element of B

s: x is an element of A and B.

Write in the language of mathematics the following compound statements:

1. (p Λ q) ↔ s
2. (p v q) ↔ r
3. s ↔p
4. ~ s → ~ p

Solution:

1. (x ԑ A Λ x ԑ B) ↔ x ԑ (A Λ B)

2. (x ԑ A v x ԑ B) ↔ x ԑ (A v B)

3. x ԑ (A Λ B) ↔ x ԑ A

4. ~ x ԑ (A Λ B) → ~ x ԑ A