Chemistry[ chapter -electrolysis ]

 What is electrolysis?
 Electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?
 Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (Brine).
 Diaphragm cell.
 Electrolysis of aluminium oxide.
 Other electrolytic systems.
 Electrolysis of water.

Slide 1 electrolysis

What is electrolysis?
Passing an electric current through ionic substances that
are molten or in aqueous solution ,breaks them down into
elements.

the process is known as electrolyte.

The substance broken down is called electrolysis.

During electrolysis ……
Positively charged ions move to the negative electrode-
Cathode.
Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode –
anode.

Cathode +ive ions gain electron called Reduction

Ancode _-ive give up (lose) electrons called Oxidation

Slide 2

Conducting electricity

For a substance to conductor electricity it must have

either…

Electrons which are free to move about (metals/graphite)

Or
Ions which are free to move about ….

When are ionic substance is melted or dissolved in water ,

 The ions are free to move about within the liquid or
solution
slide 3 (electrolysis of ionic compounds)
molten

solid

yellow-na+

green-cl-

when solid ,the ions are not free to move

no conductors of electricity… when molten , the ions are free to move.

Electricity is conducted

Molten ionic compounds do conduct electricity ………

Electrolysis of ionic compounds

molten

solid

yellow-na+

green-cl-

when dissolved in water ,the ions are free to move

Electricity is conducted…

when solid ,the ions are not free to move

no conduction electricity.
aqueous solution of ionic compounds do conduct electricity …..
bromine is minus
sodium need to get through 1 ion
bromine is diatomic atom
anode need to take br
canode will take pb
anode willtake every single single br.
Pb is lead
Ions are not free to move in solid
But in molten and aqueous they are free
Sodium diposite to become atom
green-cl-