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4
x3 1
f ( x) 3
a) 2x 1
Solución:
3
x 3 −1 ( x 3 −1)'(2 x3 +1)−( x 3−1 )(2 x 3 +1 )'
f ' (x )=4
( )[
2 x 3 +1 (2 x 3 +1 )2 ]
3
x 3 −1 (3 x 2 )(2 x 3 +1 )−( x 3 −1)(6 x 2 )
f ' (x )=4
( )[
2 x 3 +1 (2 x 3 +1 )2 ]
3
x 3 −1 (6 x 5 +3 x 2 −6 x5 +6 x 2 )
f ' (x )=4
( )[
2 x 3+ 1 (2 x3 +1)2 ]
3
x 3 −1 9 x2
f ' (x )=4
( )[
2 x 3 +1 (2 x3 +1)2 ]
2 3 3
36 x ( x −1)
f ' (x )=
(2 x3 +1)5
( x 3 +7 )5
f ( x )=
b) x +2
Solución:
3 5 3 5
[( x +7 ) ]' ( x +2)−( x +7 ) [ x+ 2]'
f ' ( x )=
( x +2)2
3 4 3 3 5
5( x +7 ) ( x + 7)' ( x +2 )−( x +7 ) (1 )
f ' (x )=
( x +2 )2
3 4 2 3 5
5( x +7 ) (3 x )( x+2 )−(x +7 )
f ' (x )=
( x+2 )2
3 4 3 2 3 5
( x +7 ) (15 x + 30 x )−( x +7 )
f ' (x )=
( x +2)2
3 4 3 2 3
( x +7 ) [15 x +30 x −x −7 ]
f ' (x )=
( x +2)2
3 4 3 2
( x +7 ) (14 x +30 x −7 )
f ' ( x )=
( x+2 )2
−5
f (x )=
c) (4 x 3 + 1)8
Solución:
1
−5
f (x )= 3 8
=−5(4 x 3 +1)−8
(4 x +1)
f ' (x )=−5(−8)(4 x 3 +1)−9 (4 x 3 +1)'
f ' (x )=40 (4 x 3 +1 )−9 (12 x 2 )
f ' (x )=480 x 2 ( 4 x 3 +1 )−9
480 x 2
f ' (x )=
(4 x 3 +1)9
3 3 2
d) f (x )=( 5 x −1 ) ln ( x +1 )
Solución:
3
f ' (x )=[(5 x 3 −1)3 ]'⋅ln( x 2 +1)+( 5 x 3 −1 ) ⋅[ ln( x 2 +1) ]'
2 1 3
f ' (x )=3 ( 5 x3 −1 ) (5 x3 −1 )'⋅ln( x 2 +1 )+ ( 5 x 3 −1 ) ( x 2 +1 )' 2
( x +1 )
2 3 1
f ' (x )=3 ( 5 x3 −1 ) (15 x2 )⋅ln( x2 +1)+ ( 5 x 3 −1 ) 2 (2 x )
( x +1)
3
2 3 2 x ( 5 x3 −1 )
2 2
f ' (x )=45 x ( 5 x −1 ) ⋅ln ( x +1)+
( x2 +1)
f ( x ) tg x 3 2 x 2 1
e)
Solución:
f ' (x )=sec 2 ( x 3 +2 x 2 +1)⋅( x 3 +2 x 2−1 )'
f ' (x )=sec 2 ( x 3 +2 x 2+1)⋅(3 x 2 +4 x )
f ' (x )=x(3 x+4 )⋅sec 2 ( x 3 +2 x 2 +1)⋅¿ ¿
f) f (x )=sen(cos 2 (sen x ))
Solución:
f ' (x )=cos(cos2 (sen x ))⋅[cos 2 ( senx)]'
f ' (x )=cos(cos2 (sen x ))⋅2cos( senx)⋅[cos(senx )]'
f ' (x )=cos(cos2 (sen x ))⋅2 cos( senx)⋅−sen( senx)⋅(senx )'
f ' (x )=cos(cos2 (sen x ))⋅2cos( senx)⋅−sen( senx)⋅cos x
f ' (x )=−2 cos x⋅cos(cos2 (sen x ))⋅cos(senx )⋅sen(senx )
2 3
1+ sen (x )
f (x )=
g) 1+cos 3 ( x 2 )
Solución:
2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2
[1+sen ( x )]'⋅[ 1+cos ( x )]−[1+sen (x )]⋅[1+cos ( x )]'
f ' (x )=
[ 1+cos3 ( x2 ) ]2
3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2
2 sen( x )[ sen( x )]' ⋅[1+cos ( x )]−[1+ sen ( x )]⋅3 cos ( x )[ cos( x )]'
f ' (x )=
[1+cos 3 ( x 2 )]2
2
3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
2 sen( x )cos ( x )[ x ]' ⋅[ 1+cos ( x )]−[ 1+ sen ( x )]⋅3 cos ( x )⋅−sen( x )[ x ]'
f ' (x )=
[1+cos3 ( x 2 )]2
3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2
2 sen( x )cos ( x )(3 x )⋅[1+cos ( x )]−[1+sen ( x )]⋅3 cos ( x )⋅−sen( x )(2 x )
f ' (x )=
[ 1+cos3 ( x2 )]2
2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2
6 x sen( x )cos( x )⋅[1+cos ( x )]+6 x [1+sen ( x )]⋅cos ( x )⋅sen( x )
f ' (x )=
[1+cos 3 ( x 2 )]2
h) f (x )=ln(2 x 2 +x−1 )
Solución:
1 '
f ' (x )= 2
[ 2 x 2 + x−1 ]
2 x + x−1
1
f ' ( x )= 2 (4 x+1 )
2 x +x−1
4 x +1
f ' (x )= 2
2 x + x−1
i)
f ( x) ln x x 2 1
Solución:
1 '
f ' (x )= [ x+ √ x 2−1 ]
x+ √ x 2 −1
1 1
f ' (x )=
x+ √ x −1 2 [ 1+ 2
2 √ x −1
[ x 2−1 ] '
]
1 1
f ' (x )=
x+ √ x 2 −1 [ 1+
2 √ x 2−1
(2 x )
]
1 x
f ' (x )= 2
x+ √ x −1
1+ 2
√ x −1 [ ]
√ x 2−1+ x
f ' (x )=
1
x+ √ x −1
2 [ √ x 2−1 ]
1
f ' (x )=
√ x 2−1
3
x+1
f ' (x )=
( x +2 x−3) √ ln( x 2 +2 x−3 )
2
'
1 1+sen x
f ' (x )= ⋅
[
1+sen x 1−sen x ]
2
1
√ 1−sen x
[1+sen x]' ⋅(1−sen x )−(1+sen x)⋅[1−sen x ]'
f ' (x )=
1+sen x
⋅
( (1−sen x)2 )
2
√
1−sen x
cos x ⋅(1−sen x )−(1+sen x)⋅(−cos x)
1
f ' (x )=
1+sen x
⋅
( (1−sen x )2 )
2
√
1−sen x
1 cos x ⋅−sen x cos x +cos x+ sen x cos x
f ' (x )=
1+sen x
⋅
( (1−sen x)2 )
2
√
1−sen x
1 cos x
f ' (x )= ⋅
1+sen x (1−sen x ) ( 2 )
√
1−sen x
cos x
f ' (x )=
√1+sen x⋅√ 1−sen x⋅(1−sen x)
cos x
f ' (x )=
√1−sen2 x⋅(1−sen x )
cos x
f ' (x )=
√1−sen 2 x⋅(1−sen x )
1
f ' (x )=
1−sen x
4
2 x
m) f (x )=ln ( x e ) √
Solución:
1
f ' ( x )= [ x2 √ ex ] '
2 x
x √e
1
f ' (x )= ⋅( [ x 2 ]' √ e x + x 2 [ √ e x ] ' )
2 x
x √e
1 1
f ' ( x )=
x2
√e x (
⋅ 2 x √ e x + x2
2 √ ex )
2 1
f ' (x )= + x
x 2e
o) f (x )=arc tan ( √ 4 x 2 −1 )
Solución:
1
f ' (x )= 2
⋅[ √ 4 x2 −1 ] '
1+ ( √ 4 x 2 −1 )
1 1
f ' (x )= 2
⋅ 2
⋅[ 4 x 2−1 ] '
1+ 4 x −1 2 √ 4 x −1
1 1
f ' (x )= 2
⋅ ⋅(8 x )
4 x 2 √ 4 x 2−1
1
f ' (x )=
x √ 4 x 2 −1
5
1 1
f ' (x )= ⋅ ⋅(−2 e2 x ) '
2x 2x
√ e 2 √1−e
2x
1 −e
f ' (x )= x⋅
e √1−e 2 x
ex
f ' (x )=−
√1−e 2 x
arc cos x
f (x )=
q) x2
Solución:
2 2
[ arc cos x ]'⋅( x )−arc cos x⋅[ x ]'
f ' (x )=
( x 2 )2
−1
2
⋅ ( x 2 )−arc cos x⋅( 2 x )
f ' ( x )=
√ 1−x
( x 2 )2
−x 2
−2 x⋅arc cos x
√ 1−x 2
f ' ( x )=
( x2 )2
−1 2 arc cos x
f ' (x )= −
x2 √1−x 2
x3
4
b) f ( x )=x −4 x ; x 0 =0
Solución:
Punto de tangencia:
y 0 =f (0)=(0 )4 −4 (0 )
y 0 =0
⇒( x0 ; y 0 )=(0 ; 0)
Pendiente de la recta tangente:
f ' (x )=4 x3 −4
f ' (0)=4 (0)3 −4
f ' (0)=−4
Recta tangente:
y− y 0 =f ' (0 )( x−x 0 )
y−0=−4( x−0 )
LT : y=−4 x
Recta normal:
−1
y− y 0 = ( x−x 0 )
f ' (0)
1
y−0= ( x−0 )
4
LN : x−4 y=0
7
y
x
x 1
f ( x) ; x0 2
c) x 1
Solución:
Punto de tangencia:
2+1
y 0 =f (2 )=
2−1
y 0 =3
⇒( x0 ; y 0 )=(2 ; 3 )
Pendiente de la recta tangente:
(1)( x−1 )−( x +1)(1 )
f ' (x )=
( x−1 )2
−2
f ' (x )=
( x−1)2
−2
f ' (2)=
(2−1)2
f ' (2)=−2
Recta tangente:
y− y 0 =f ' (2)( x−x 0 )
y−3=−2( x−2 )
LT :2 x + y−7=0
Recta normal:
−1
y− y 0 = ( x− x0 )
f ' (2)
1
y−3= ( x−2 )
2
LN : x−2 y +4=0
8
y
x
9
y
x
3 2
3. Calcule los puntos en que la recta tangente a la curva f (x )=x −3 x −9 x+5 es
paralela al eje OX. Halle también la ecuación de la recta tangente y la recta normal en
esos puntos.
Solución:
Para que la recta tangente sea paralela al eje OX, su pendiente de ser cero. Es decir
Por lo tanto:
Ecuación de la recta tangente:
y 10; y 22
y
x
10
4. ¿En qué punto la tangente a la parábola y x 7 x 3 es paralela a la recta
2
5x y 3 0 ?
Solución:
La derivada de la función es la pendiente de la recta tangente en el punto
x0 :
Por lo tanto, el punto es: ( x 0 ; y 0 )=(1;−3) y la recta tangente en este punto es:
y 3 5( x 1)
y
x
la recta x 8 y 3 0 .
Solución:
Si la recta tangente es perpendicular a al recta x 8 y 3 0 , entonces el producto de
sus pendientes es -1.
11
x 3
y
8
1
y'
8
Luego:
m1m 2 1
1
.m2 1
8
m2 8
y'=4 x
4 x 0 =8
x 0=2
y (2)=2(2)2 +3
y 0 =11
y 11 8( x 2)
LT : 8 x − y−5=0
y
900 q
I=
q+9
dI 900( q+9 )−900 q (1)
=
dq ( q+9 )2
dI 8100
=
dq (q+ 9)2 ……. (2)
dq d 10 m2
=
(
dm dm √ m 2 +19 )
2m
20 m( √ m 2 +19 )−10 m 2
dq 2 √ m2 +19
=
dm m 2 + 19
20 m( m2 +19)−10 m3
dq
= √ m2 +19
dm m 2 +19
20 m( m2 +19)−10 m3
dq
= √ m2 +19
dm m 2 +19
dq 10 m3 +380 m
=
dm √(m2 +19 )3
Luego, cuando q = 9
13
3
dq 10( 9) +380(9 )
=
dm √((9)2 +19)3
dq
=10 .71
dm …….. (4)
14