Sets, relation and

functions L2: 11th

Elite -DPP
Q1. If A × B = {(p, q), (p, r), (m, q), (m, r)}, find A and B.
Q2. If a ∈ {-1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and b ∈ {0, 3, 6}, write the set of all ordered pairs (a, b)
such that a + b = 5.
Q3. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Define a relation R from A to A by
R = {(x, y) : y = x + 1}
Depict this relation using an arrow diagram.
Q4. Determine the domain and range of the relation R defined by
R = {(x, x + 5) : x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
Q5. Let A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2.
If (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are in A × B, find A and B, where x, y, z are distinct elements.
Q6. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ A, a divides b}. Write R
explicitly.
Q7. Given A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {2, 4, 5}. A relation defined aRB ⇒ a and b are
relatively prime or co-prime (i.e. HCF is 1). Find domain and range of R.
Q8. If R is a relation from set A = {2, 4, 5} to set B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8} defined by
xRy ⇔ x divides y.
(i) Write R as a set of ordered pairs, (ii) Find the domain and the range of R.
Q9. Write the following relations as the sets of ordered pairs:
A relation R from the set {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} to the set {1, 2, 3} defined by x = 2y.
Q10. Let A = {3, 5} and B = {7, 11}. Let R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ B, a - b is odd}.
Show that R is an empty relation from A into B
Q11. Let A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}. Find the total number of relations from A into B.
Q12. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {7, 8, 9} then number of subsets of A × B is

A 26

B 212

C 27

D None of these
Q13. If A = {p, q, r} and B = {10, 11}, then the number of possible relations from
A to B is _____.

A 6

B 5

C 26

D 25
Q14. A and B are two sets having 3 and 4 elements respectively and having 2
elements in common. The number of relations which can be defined from A to B is

A 25

B 210 - 1

C 212

D None of these
Q15. Let f : R ➝ R be given by f(x) = x2 + 3. Find {x : f(x) = 28}
Q16. Show that f : N ➝ N, defined by is a many-one
onto function.
Q17. What kind of function does the venn diagram in figure given below
represent? f:A➝B
A B
a 1
b 2
c 3
Q18. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b, c, d}. Which of the following is a one-to-one
function?

A {(1, c), (2, c), (3, c)}

B {(1, a), (2, b), (3, c)}

C {(1, b), (1, c)}

D {(1, b), (1, c), (2, d)}

Q19. Show that is a one to one function.
Q20. which of the following function is one-one?
i)f(x) = 3x - 2 ii)f(x) = x2 + 3
Q21. If X = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then a one-one onto mapping f : X ➝ X such that f(1) = 1,
f(2) ≠ 2 and f(4) ≠ 4 is given by

A {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 2)}

B {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 1), (4, 2)}

C {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 2), (4, 3)}

D None of these
Q22. Identify which of the following graphs are functions using the vertical line
test?

A B

C D
Q23. Determine whether the given graph is one-to-one function using the
Horizontal line test

(a) (b)
Q24. Solve for
Q25. Find the domain of the function
Q26. Find the domain of each of the following real valued functions of real
variable:
Q27. Find the domain of the function
Q28. Find the domain of following function
Q29. Find the domain of following function
Q30. Find the domain of following functions
Sets, relation and
functions L2: 11th
Elite -DPP solutions
Q1. If A × B = {(p, q), (p, r), (m, q), (m, r)}, find A and B.
Solution:

A = set of first elements = {p, m}

B = set of second elements = {q, r}.
Q2. If a ∈ {-1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and b ∈ {0, 3, 6}, write the set of all ordered pairs (a, b)
such that a + b = 5.
Solution:
We have, a+b=5
⇒a=5-b
∴ b = 0 ⇒ a = 5 - 0 = 5,
b = 3 ⇒ a = 5 - 3 = 2,
b = 6 ⇒ a = 5 - 6 = -1,
Hence, the required set of ordered pairs
(a, b) is {(-1, 6), (2, 3), (5, 0)}
Q3. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Define a relation R from A to A by
R = {(x, y) : y = x + 1}
Depict this relation using an arrow diagram.
Solution:
By the definition of the relation,
R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}.

● 1 ● 1
>
● 2 ● 2
● 3
> ● 3
● 4
> ● 4
>
● 5 ● 5
>
● 6 ● 6
Q4. Determine the domain and range of the relation R defined by
R = {(x, x + 5) : x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
Solution:

Given, Relation
R = {(x, x + 5) : x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}}
Thus,
R = {(0, 5), (1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8), (4, 9), (5, 10)}
So,
Domain of R = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and,
Rang of R = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Q5. Let A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2.
If (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are in A × B, find A and B, where x, y, z are distinct elements.
Solution:

Since (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are elements of A × B.

Therefore x, y, z ∈ A and 1, 2 ∈ B
It is given that n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2
∴ x, y, z ∈ A and n(A) = 3
⇒ A = {x, y, z}
1, 2 ∈ B and n(B) = 2
⇒ B = {1, 2}.
Q6. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ A, a divides b}. Write R
explicitly.
Solution:
Q7. Given A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {2, 4, 5}. A relation defined aRB ⇒ a and b are
relatively prime or co-prime (i.e. HCF is 1). Find domain and range of R.
Solution:

R = {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 2), (5, 4)}
Domain of R is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Range of R is {2, 4, 5}
Q8. If R is a relation from set A = {2, 4, 5} to set B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8} defined by
xRy ⇔ x divides y.
(i) Write R as a set of ordered pairs, (ii) Find the domain and the range of R.
Solution:

(i) Clearly, 2R2, 2R4, 2R6, 2R8, 4R4 and 4R8

∴ R = {(2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), (2, 8), (4, 4), (4, 8)}
(ii) Clearly, Domain (R) = {2, 4} and Range (R) = {2, 4, 6, 8}
Q9. Write the following relations as the sets of ordered pairs:
A relation R from the set {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} to the set {1, 2, 3} defined by x = 2y.
Solution:

We have, x = 2y
Putting y = 1, 2, 3 we get x = 2, 4 6 respectively.
∴ R = {(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3)}
Q10. Let A = {3, 5} and B = {7, 11}. Let R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ B, a - b is odd}.
Show that R is an empty relation from A into B
Solution:

We have,
A = {3, 5}, B = {7, 11} and
R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ B, a - b is odd}
For the elements of the given sets A and B, we find that
3 - 7 = -4, 3 - 11 = -8, 5 - 7 = -2 and 5 - 11 = -6
∴ (3, 7) ∉ R, (3, 11) ∉ R, (5, 7) ∉ R and (5, 11) ∉ R,
Thus, R is an empty relation from A into B.
Q11. Let A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}. Find the total number of relations from A into B.
Solution:

We have,
A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}
∴ n(A) = 2 and n(B) = 2
⇒ n(A) × n(B) = 2 × 2 = 4
⇒ n(A × B) = 4 [∵ n(A × B) = n(A) × n(B)]
So, there are 24 = 16 relations from A to B.
[∵ n(x) = a, n(y) = b ⇒ Total number of relations = 2ab]
Q12. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {7, 8, 9} then number of subsets of A × B is

A 26

B 212

C 27

D None of these
Solution:

A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, n(A) = 4

B = {7, 8, 9}, n(B) = 3
Number of subsets of A × B = 2n(A) × n(B)
= 24 × 3 = 212
Q13. If A = {p, q, r} and B = {10, 11}, then the number of possible relations from
A to B is _____.

A 6

B 5

C 26

D 25
Solution:

A = {1, 2, 3}, n(A) = 3

B = {5, 6}, n(B) = 2
Number of relation from A to B = 2n(A) × n(B)
= 23 × 2 = 26
Q14. A and B are two sets having 3 and 4 elements respectively and having 2
elements in common. The number of relations which can be defined from A to B is

A 25

B 210 - 1

C 212

D None of these
Solution:

The number of elements in A × B is 12.

Hence the number of subsets of A × B is 212,
which includes the empty set
Q15. Let f : R ➝ R be given by f(x) = x2 + 3. Find {x : f(x) = 28}
Solution:

We have, f(x) = x2 + 3
∴ f(x) = 28 ⇒ x2 + 3 = 28 ⇒ x2 = 25 ⇒ x = ±5
Hence, {x : f(x) = 28} = {-5, 5}.
Q16. Show that f : N ➝ N, defined by is a many-one
onto function.
Solution:
Solution:
Q17. What kind of function does the venn diagram in figure given below
represent? f:A➝B
A B
a 1
b 2
c 3
Solution:

This many-one into function

Domain = Dr = {a, b, c}
Co-domain = {1, 2, 3}
Range = Rf = {1, 2}
f(a) = 1 ; f(b) = 2; f(c) = 2
Q18. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b, c, d}. Which of the following is a one-to-one
function?

A {(1, c), (2, c), (3, c)}

B {(1, a), (2, b), (3, c)}

C {(1, b), (1, c)}

D {(1, b), (1, c), (2, d)}

Solution:

Here, option number b satisfies the one-to-one

condition, as elements of set B(range) are uniquely
mapped with elements of set A(domain).
Q19. Show that is a one to one function.
Solution:
Q20. which of the following function is one-one?
i)f(x) = 3x - 2 ii)f(x) = x2 + 3
 i)If above is the one to one function then it must satisfy
Solution:
the condition f(x1) = f(x2)
Here in this equation by replacing x we get,
3x1 - 2 = 3x2 - 2
3x1 = 3x2 or
x 1 = x2
Therefore f(x) is one to one function
ii) Here in this equation by replacing x we get,

Therefore f(x) is not one to one function.

Q21. If X = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then a one-one onto mapping f : X ➝ X such that f(1) = 1,
f(2) ≠ 2 and f(4) ≠ 4 is given by

A {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 2)}

B {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 1), (4, 2)}

C {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 2), (4, 3)}

D None of these
Solution:

f in (a) is clearly one-one and onto also satisfies

f(1) = 1, f(2) = 3 ≠ 2, f(4) = 2 ≠ 4.
Q22. Identify which of the following graphs are functions using the vertical line
test?

A B

C D
Solution:

(a) (b)

Vertical line cuts it at 2 points No vertical line cuts the graph

∴ Not a function at more than one point.

So, it is a function
Solution:

(c) (d)

Vertical line cuts it at 2 points No vertical line cuts the graph

∴ Not a function at more than one point.

So, it is a function
Q23. Determine whether the given graph is one-to-one function using the
Horizontal line test

(a) (b)
Solution:

(a) (b)

A horizontal line intersects the

graph twice; No horizontal line cuts the graph at more
It is not one-to-one than one point.
So, it is one-to-one
Q24. Solve for
Solution:
Q25. Find the domain of the function
Solution:
Q26. Find the domain of each of the following real valued functions of real
variable:
Solution:
Q27. Find the domain of the function
Solution:

It clearly seen that, the function f is defined for all

real numbers except at x = 6 and x = 2 as the
denominator becomes zero otherwise.
Therefore, the domain of f is R - {2, 6}.
Q28. Find the domain of following function
Solution:

Positive Negative Positive

2 3
Q29. Find the domain of following function
Solution:

- + - +
-1 0 1
Q30. Find the domain of following functions
Solution:

Positive Negative Positive

1 2

Positive Negative Positive

-1 4
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