Best Approach: Functions

Best
Approach
Functions
(Sheet)
By Mathematics Wizard
Manoj Chauhan Sir (IIT Delhi)
No. 1 Faculty of Unacademy,
Exp. More than 13 Years in
Top Most Coachings of Kota
Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Functions
KEY CONCEPTS (FUNCTIONS)
THINGS TO REMEMBER
1. GENERAL DEFINITION
If to every value (Considered as real unless otherwise stated) of a variable x, which belongs to some
collection (Set) E, there corresponds one and only one finite value of the quantity y, then y is said to be
a function (Single valued) of x or a dependent variable defined on the set E ; x is the argument or
independent variable .
If to every value of x belonging to some set E there corresponds one or several values of the variable y,
then y is called a multiple valued function of x defined on E.Conventionally the word "FUNCTION” is
used only as the meaning of a single valued function, if not otherwise stated.
Pictorially : 
x
 f
(x )  y
 , y is called the image of x & x is the pre-image of y under f.
input output
Every function from A  B satisfies the following conditions .
(i) f  A x B (ii)  a  A  (a, f(a))  f and
(iii) (a, b)  f & (a, c)  f  b = c
2. DOMAIN, CODOMAIN & RANGE OF A FUNCTION :
Let f : A  B, then the set A is known as the domain of f & the set B is known as co-domain of f .
The set of all f images of elements of A is known as the range of f . Thus :
Domain of f = {a  a  A, (a, f(a))  f}
Range of f = {f(a)  a  A, f(a)  B}
It should be noted that range is a subset of codomain . If only the rule of function is given then the domain of
the function is the set of those real numbers, where function is defined. For a continuous function, the interval
from minimum to maximum value of a function gives the range.
3. IMPORTANT TYPES OF FUNCTIONS :
(i) POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION :
If a function f is defined by f (x) = a0 xn + a1 xn1 + a2 xn2 + ... + an1 x + an where n is a non negative
integer and a0, a1, a2, ..., an are real numbers and a0  0, then f is called a polynomial function of degree
n .
NOTE :
(a) A polynomial of degree one with no constant term is called an odd linear
function . i.e. f(x) = ax , a  0
(b) There are two polynomial functions , satisfying the relation ;
f(x).f(1/x) = f(x) + f(1/x) . They are :
(i) f(x) = xn + 1 & (ii) f(x) = 1  xn, where n is a positive integer.
Proof : Consider f (x) = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ..... + anxn.
Equate f (x) × f (1/x) = f (x) + f (1/x) & equate coefficients.
(ii) ALGEBRAIC FUNCTION :
y is an algebraic function of x, if it is a function that satisfies an algebraic equation of the form
P0 (x) yn + P1 (x) yn1 + ....... + Pn1 (x) y + Pn (x) = 0 Where n is a positive integer and P0 (x), P1
(x) ........... are Polynomials in x. e.g. x3 + y3 – 3xy = 0 or
y = x is an algebraic function, since it satisfies the equation y²  x² = 0.
Note that all polynomial functions are Algebraic but not the converse. A function that is not algebraic is
called TRANSCEDENTAL FUNCTION .
Get 10% Instant Discount On Unacademy Plus [Use Referral Code: MCSIR] 2
(iii) FRACTIONAL RATIONAL FUNCTION :
g(x)
A rational function is a function of the form. y = f (x) = , where
h (x )
g (x) & h (x) are polynomials & h (x)  0.
(IV) EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION :
A function f(x) = ax = ex ln a (a > 0 , a  1, x  R) is called an exponential function. The inverse of the
exponential function is called the logarithmic function .
i.e. g(x) = loga x.
For f (x) = ex domain is R and range is R+.
1
For f (x) = e x domain is R – {0} and range is R+ – {1}.
Note that f(x) & g(x) are inverse of each other & their graphs are as shown.
(v) ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION :
A function y = f (x) = x is called the absolut e value function or Modulus function. It is defined as
 x if x  0
: y = x 
 x if x  0
For f (x) = | x |, domain is R and range is R+  {0}.
1
For f (x) = , domain is R – {0} and range is R+.
|x|
(vi) SIGNUM FUNCTION :
A function y= f (x) = Sgn (x) is defined as follows :
 1 for x  0
y = f (x) =  0 for x  0

  1 for x  0
It is also written as Sgn x = |x|/ x ;
x  0 ; f (0) = 0
(vii) GREATEST INTEGER OR STEP UP FUNCTION :
The function y = f (x) = [x] is called the greatest integer function where [x] denotes the greatest integer
less than or equal to x . Note that for :
 1  x < 0 ; [x] =  1 0  x < 1 ; [x] = 0
1  x < 2 ; [x] = 1 2  x < 3 ; [x] = 2
and so on .
Properties of greatest integer function :
(a) [x]  x < [x] + 1 and
x  1 < [x]  x , 0  x  [x] < 1
(b) [x + m] = [x] + m if m is an integer .
(c) [x] + [y]  [x + y]  [x] + [y] + 1
(d) [x] + [ x] = 0 if x is an integer
=  1 otherwise .
(viii) FRACTIONAL PART FUNCTION :
It is defined as :
g (x) = {x} = x  [x] .
e.g. the fractional part of the no. 2.1 is
2.1 2 = 0.1 and the fractional part of  3.7 is 0.3.
The period of this function is 1 and graph of this function
is as shown .
4. DOMAINS AND RANGES OF COMMON FUNCTION :
Function Domain Range

(y = f (x) ) (i.e. values taken by x) (i.e. values taken by f (x) )
A. Algebraic Functions
(i) xn , (n  N) R = (set of real numbers) R , if n is odd

+
R  {0} , if n is even
1
(ii) , (n  N) R – {0} R – {0} , if n is odd
xn
R+ , if n is even
(iii) x1 / n , (n  N) R , if n is odd R , if n is odd

+ +
R  {0} , if n is even R  {0} , if n is even
1
(iv) , (n  N) R – {0} , if n is odd R – {0} , if n is odd
x1 / n
R+ , if n is even R+ , if n is even
B. Trigonometric Functions
(i) sin x R [–1, + 1]
(ii) cos x R [–1, + 1]

(iii) tan x R – (2k + 1) , k I R
2

(iv) sec x R – (2k + 1) , k I (–  , – 1 ]  [ 1 ,  )
2
(v) cosec x R – k , k  I (–  , – 1 ]  [ 1 ,  )
(vi) cot x R – k , k  I R
C. Inverse Circular Functions (Refer after Inverse is taught )
  
(i) sin–1 x [–1, + 1]  2 , 2 
 
(ii) cos–1 x [–1, + 1] [ 0, ]
  
(iii) tan–1 x R  , 
 2 2
  
(iv) cosec –1x (–  , – 1 ]  [ 1 ,  )  2 , 2  – { 0 }
 
 
(v) sec–1 x (–  , – 1 ]  [ 1 ,  ) [ 0, ] –  
2 
(vi) cot –1 x R ( 0, )
Function Domain Range

(y = f (x) ) (i.e. values taken by x) (i.e. values taken by f (x) )
D. Exponential Functions
(i) ex R R+
(ii) e1/x R – { 0 } R+ – { 1 }
(iii) ax , a > 0 R R+
(iv) a1/x , a > 0 R – { 0 } R+ – { 1 }
E. Logarithmic Functions
(i) logax , (a > 0 ) (a  1) R+ R
1
(ii) logxa = log x R+ – { 1 } R – { 0 }
a
(a > 0 ) (a  1)
F. Integral Part Functions Functions
(i) [ x ] R I
1 1 
(ii) R – [0, 1 )  , n  I  {0} 
[x] n 
G. Fractional Part Functions
(i) { x } R [0, 1)

1
(ii) R – I (1, )
{x}
H. Modulus Functions
(i) | x | R R+  { 0 }
1
(ii) |x| R – { 0 } R+
I. Signum Function
|x|
sgn (x) = ,x 0 R {–1, 0 , 1}
x
= 0 , x = 0
J. Constant Function
say f (x) = c R { c }
5. EQUAL OR IDENTICAL FUNCTION :
Two functions f & g are said to be equal if :
(i) The domain of f = the domain of g.
(ii) The range of f = the range of g and
(iii) f(x) = g(x) , for every x belonging to their common domain. eg.
1 x
f(x) = & g(x) = 2 are identical functions .
x x
6. CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONS :
One  One Function (Injective mapping) :
A function f : A  B is said to be a oneone function or injective mapping if different elements of A
have different f images in B . Thus for x1, x2  A & f(x1) ,
f(x2)  B , f(x1) = f(x2)  x1 = x2 or x1  x2  f(x1)  f(x2) .
Diagramatically an injective mapping can be shown as
OR
Note : (i) Any function which is entirely increasing or decreasing in whole domain, then

f(x) is oneone .
(ii) If any line parallel to xaxis cuts the graph of the function atmost at one point,
then the function is oneone .
Many–one function :
A function f : A  B is said to be a many one function if two or more elements of A have the same
f image in B . Thus f : A  B is many one if for ; x1, x2  A , f(x1) = f(x2) but x1  x2 .
Diagramatically a many one mapping can be shown as
OR
Note : (i) Any continuous function which has atleast one local maximum or local minimum, then f(x) is
manyone . In other words, if a line parallel to xaxis cuts the graph of the function atleast
at two points, then f is manyone .
(ii) If a function is oneone, it cannot be manyone and vice versa .
Onto function (Surjective mapping) :
If the function f : A  B is such that each element in B (codomain) is the f image of atleast one element
in A, then we say that f is a function of A 'onto' B . Thus f : A  B is surjective iff  b  B,  some
a  A such that f (a) = b .
Diagramatically surjective mapping can be shown as
OR
Note that : if range = codomain, then f(x) is onto.
Into function :
If f : A  B is such that there exists atleast one element in codomain which is not the image of any
element in domain, then f(x) is into .
Diagramatically into function can be shown as
OR
Note that : If a function is onto, it cannot be into and vice versa . A polynomial of degree even will
always be into.
Thus a function can be one of these four types :
(a) oneone onto (injective & surjective)
(b) oneone into (injective but not surjective)
(c) manyone onto (surjective but not injective)
(d) manyone into (neither surjective nor injective)
Note : (i) If f is both injective & surjective, then it is called a Bijective mapping.

The bijective functions are also named as invertible, non singular or biuniform functions.
(ii) If a set A contains n distinct elements then the number of different functions defined from
A  A is nn & out of it n ! are one one.
Identity function :
The function f : A  A defined by f(x) = x  x  A is called the identity of A and is denoted by IA.
It is easy to observe that identity function is a bijection .
Constant function :
A function f : A  B is said to be a constant function if every element of A has the same f image in B .
Thus f : A  B ; f(x) = c ,  x  A , c  B is a constant function. Note that the range of a constant
function is a singleton and a constant function may be one-one or many-one, onto or into .
7. ALGEBRAIC OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS :
If f & g are real valued functions of x with domain set A, B respectively, then both f & g are defined in

A  B. Now we define f + g , f  g , (f . g) & (f/g) as follows :
(i) (f ± g) (x) = f(x) ± g(x)
(ii) (f  g) (x) = f(x)  g(x)
f f (x)
(iii)   (x) = domain is {x  x  A  B s . t g(x)  0} .
 g g (x)
8. COMPOSITE OF UNIFORMLY & NON-UNIFORMLY DEFINED FUNCTIONS :
Let f : A  B & g : B  C be two functions. Then the function gof : A  C defined by
(gof) (x) = g (f(x))  x  A is called the composite of the two functions f & g .
x f (x )
Diagramatically     g (f(x)) .
Thus the image of every x  A under the function gof is the gimage of the fimage of x .
Note that gof is defined only if  x  A, f(x) is an element of the domain of g so that we can take its g-image.
Hence for the product gof of two functions f & g, the range of f must be a subset of the domain of g.
PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS :
(i) The composite of functions is not commutative i.e. gof  fog .
(ii) The composite of functions is associative i.e. if f, g, h are three functions such that fo (goh) &
(fog) oh are defined, then fo (goh) = (fog) oh .
(iii) The composite of two bijections is a bijection i.e. if f & g are two bijections such that gof is
defined, then gof is also a bijection.
9. HOMOGENEOUS FUNCTIONS :
A function is said to be homogeneous with respect to any set of variables when each of its terms
is of the same degree with respect to those variables .
For example 5 x2 + 3 y2  xy is homogeneous in x & y . Symbolically if ,
f (tx , ty) = tn . f (x , y) then f (x , y) is homogeneous function of degree n .
10. BOUNDED FUNCTION :
A function is said to be bounded if f(x)  M , where M is a finite quantity .
11. IMPLICIT & EXPLICIT FUNCTION :
A function defined by an equation not solved for the dependent variable is called an
IMPLICIT FUNCTION . For eg. the equation x3 + y3 = 1 defines y as an implicit function. If y has been
expressed in terms of x alone then it is called an EXPLICIT FUNCTION.
12. INVERSE OF A FUNCTION :
Let f : A  B be a oneone & onto function, then their exists a unique function
g : B  A such that f(x) = y  g(y) = x,  x  A & y  B . Then g is said to be inverse of f . Thus
g = f1 : B  A = {(f(x), x)  (x, f(x))  f} .
PROPERTIES OF INVERSE FUNCTION :
(i) The inverse of a bijection is unique .
(ii) If f : A  B is a bijection & g : B  A is the inverse of f, then fog = IB and
gof = IA , where IA & IB are identity functions on the sets A & B respectively.
Note that the graphs of f & g are the mirror images of each other in the
line y = x . As shown in the figure given below a point (x ',y ' ) corresponding to y = x2 (x >0)
changes to (y ',x ' ) corresponding to y   x , the changed form of x = y .
(iii) The inverse of a bijection is also a bijection .
(iv) If f & g are two bijections f : A  B , g : B  C then the inverse of gof exists and
(gof)1 = f1 o g1 .
13. ODD & EVEN FUNCTIONS :
If f (x) = f (x) for all x in the domain of ‘f’ then f is said to be an even function.
e.g. f (x) = cos x ; g (x) = x² + 3 .
If f (x) = f (x) for all x in the domain of ‘f’ then f is said to be an odd function.
e.g. f (x) = sin x ; g (x) = x3 + x .
NOTE : (a) f (x)  f (x) = 0 => f (x) is even & f (x) + f (x) = 0 => f (x) is odd .
(b) A function may neither be odd nor even .
(c) Inverse of an even function is not defined .
(d) Every even function is symmetric about the yaxis & every odd function is symmetric about the
origin.
(e) Every function can be expressed as the sum of an even & an odd function.
f ( x )  f (  x ) f ( x)  f (  x )
e.g. f ( x)  
2 2

(f) The only function which is defined on the entire number line & is even and odd at the same time
is f(x) = 0.
(g) If f and g both are even or both are odd then the function f.g will be even but if any one of
them is odd then f.g will be odd .
14. PERIODIC FUNCTION :
A function f(x) is called periodic if there exists a positive number T (T > 0) called the period of the
function such that f (x + T) = f(x), for all values of x within the domain of x.
e.g. The function sin x & cos x both are periodic over 2 & tan x is periodic over .
NOTE : (a) f (T) = f (0) = f (T) , where ‘T’ is the period .
(b) Inverse of a periodic function does not exist .
(c) Every constant function is always periodic, with no fundamental period.
(d) If f (x) has a period T & g (x) also has a period T then it does not mean that
f (x) + g (x) must have a period T . e.g. f (x) = sinx+ cosx.
1
(e) If f(x) has a period p, then and f (x) also has a period p.
f (x )
(f) if f(x) has a period T then f(ax + b) has a period T/a (a > 0).
15. GENERAL :
If x, y are independent variables, then :
(i) f(xy) = f(x) + f(y)  f(x) = k ln x or f(x) = 0.
(ii) f(xy) = f(x) . f(y)  f(x) = xn, n  R
(iii) f(x + y) = f(x) . f(y)  f(x) = akx.
(iv) f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)  f(x) = kx, where k is a constant.
Solved Examples :
1. Solve the equation |2x – 1| = 3[x] + 2{x} where [.] denotes greatest integer and {.} denotes fractional
part function
Sol. We are given that, |2x – 1| = 3[x] + 2{x}
1
Let, 2x – 1  0 i.e. x  . The given equation yields.
2
1 – 2x = 3[x] + 2{x}
1  5[x]
 1  2[x]  2{x}  3[x]  2{x}  1  5[x]  4{x}  {x} 
4
1  5[x] 3 1
 0  1  0  1  5[x]  4    [x] 
4 5 5
3 1
Now, [x] = 0 as zero is the only integer lying between  and
5 5
1 1 1 1
 {x}   x  which is less than . Hence is one solution.
4 4 2 4
1
Now, let 2x  1  0 i.e. x 
2
 2x – 1 = 3[x] + 2{x}  2[x] + 2{x} – 1 = 3[x] + 2{x}
1
 [x] = –1  – 1  x < 0 which is not a solution as x 
2
1
 x is the only solution.
4
2. The number of solution of the equation sgn({x}) = |1 – x| where {} denotes fractional part function is
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
Sol. sgn ({x}) = |1 – x| has solution only at x = 1.
y = |x – 1 |
(0,1)
y = sgn{x}
x
–1 0 1 2 3
3. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Then number of functions f : S  S such that f(k)  2 k for all k  S, is
(A) 32 (B) 64 (C) 128 (D) 156
Sol. No. of mapping = 2 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 128
1
4. Find the domain f (x)  where [.] denotes greatest integer function.
| [| x | 5] | 11
Sol. |[|x| – 5]|| – 11
so [|x| – 5] > 11 or [|x| – 5] < –11
[|x|] > 16 [|x|] < –6
|x|  17 or |x| < –6 (Not possible)
 x  – 17 or x  17
so x  (– , –17]  [17, )
x2  x  c 5 3
5. If the range of function f (x)  , x  R is  6 , 2  then c is equal to
x 2  2x  c
(A) –4 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
x2  x  c
Sol. Let y  2
x  2x  c
 (y – 1) x2 + (2y – 1) x + c(y – 1) = 0
As x is real, so D  0
 (2y – 1)2  4c(y – 1)2
 4(c – 1)y2 + 4(1 – 2c) y + (4c – 1)  0 ....(1)
But we are given
(6y – 5) (2y – 3)  0  12y2 – 28y + 15  0 ....(2)
c  1 1  2c
 On comparing (1) and (2), we get 
3 7
4c  1
 c4
15
6. Find the number of integers in the range of the function f (x)  cos x(sin x  sin 2 (x)  3) .
Sol. Let y  cos x(sin x  sin 2 x  3)

 (y sec y – sin x)2 = sin2x + 3
 y2 sec2x + sin2x – 2y tan x = sin2x + 3
 y2 + y2 + tan2x – 2y tan x – 3 = 0
 y2 tan2x – 2y tan x + (y2 – 3) = 0
As tan x is real.
 D  0
 4y2 – 4y2(y2 – 3)  0
 4 – y2  0
 y2 – 4  0
 – 2  y  2
Ans is 5
7. The graph of y = g(x) is shown in the adjacent figure. If mi (i = 1, 2, 3, ....... , n) are the integral values
of m for which the equation (g(x))2 – (2m + 5)g(x) + (10 – 2m) = 0 has exactly six solutions then find the
 n 
  mi 
value of  i 1 .
 n 1 
 
 
g(x)
x
0 1 2
Sol. Let g(x) = t
Consider,
O 3
f(t) = t2 – (2m + 5)t + 10 – 2m
Case-I : When  = 0 and 0 <  < 3
f(0) = 0, f(3) > 0
 On taking intersection, m 
Case-II : When  > 3 and 0 <  < 3
f(0) > 0 and f(3) < 0
1 
 m  ,5
2 
 Number of integral values of m is {1, 2, 3, 4} i.e., 4 values, m1 = 1, m2 = 2, m3 = 3, m4 = 4
 n 
  mi  10
  i 1  2
 n 1  5
 
 
x 2  3x  a
8. Let f (x)  , where f : R  R. Find the value of parameter 'a' so that the given function is
x2  x 1
one-one.
x 2  3x  a
Sol. f (x) 
x2  x 1
(x 2  x  1)(2x  3)  (x 2  3x  a)(2x  1) 2x 2  2x(1  a)  (3  a)

f '(x)  
(x 2  x  1)2 (x 2  x  1)2
Let, g(x) = – 2x2 + 2x (1 – a) + (3 – a)
g(x) will be negative if 4(1 – a)2 + 8(3 – a) < 0
 1 + a2 – 2a + 6 – 2a < 0  (a – 2)2 + 3 < 0
which is not possible. Therefore function is not monotonic.
Hence, no value of a is possible.
9. If the function f(x) and g(x) are defined on R  R such that
 x  3, x  rational  x  5, x  irrational
f (x)   and g(x)   x  rational
 4x, x  irrational   x,
then (f – g) (x) is
(A) one-one and onto (B) neither one-one nor onto
(C) one-one but not onto (D) onto but not one-one
Sol. We have (f – g) (x) = (f(x) – g(x))
 2x  3, x  rational

3x  5, x  irrrational
 3   5
As f    0  f  
 2   3 
and so on.
 f(x) is many one function.
Also,  5 does not belong to the range, because if
3x  5   5
 x  0  Q
f(x) is into function
Ans. is B
10. Number of surjective function f : A  B, where set A contains 4 elements and set B contains 3 elements,
is
(A) 36 (B) 40 (C) 44 (D) 56
Sol. 34 – [3C1(24 – 2) + 3C2] = 36
 n 1
 2 , if n is odd
11. Let f : N  N be defined as f (n)  
n , if n is even
 2
(A) injective but not surjective (B) surjective but not injective
(C) both injective as well as surjective (D) neither injective nor surjective
Sol. As f(1) = 1 = f(2)
f(3) = 2 = f(4)
So, f is not injective
Also, Rf = N, so f is surjective,
Hence f is surjective but not injective.
12. Which of the following pair(s) of function have same graphs ?
sec x tan x cos x sin x
(A) f (x)   , g(x)  
cos x cot x sec x cos ecx
 2 2  
(B) f(x) = sgn(x2 – 4x + 5), g(x)  sgn  cos x  sin  x    where sgn denotes signum function
  3 
2 3x 3)
(C) f (x)  eln(x , g(x)  x 2  3x  3
sin x cos x 2 cos 2

(D) f (x)   , g(x) 
sec x cos ecx cot x
sec x tan x cos x sin x
Sol. (A) We have f (x)   , g(x)  
cos x cot x sec x cos ecx
k
Clearly both f(x) and g(x) are identical functions as x   kI
2
(B) As x2 – 4x + 5 = (x – 2)2 + 1 > 0
Hence f(x) = 1  x  R
2 2 
Also cos x  sin  x    0
 3
Hence g(x) = 1  x  R
 f(x) and g(x) are identical
3 3x 3)
(C) f (x)  eln(x
2
2  3 3
As x  3x  3   x     x  R
 2 4
Hence f(x) = x2 + 3x + 3  x  R
 f(x) is identical to g(x)
sin x cos x 2 cos 2 x

(D) We have f (x)   , g(x) 
sec x cos ecx cot x
k
Clearly both f(x) and g(x) are identical functions as x   kI
2
1
 4 1 7 7
13. If g(x)   4 cos (x)  2 cos(2x)  cos 4(x)  x  , then the value of g(g(100)) is equal to
 2 
(A) –1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 100
1
Sol. We have 4 cos 4 x  2 cos 2x  cos 4x  x 7
2
1
 4 cos 4 x  2(2 cos 2 x  1)  (2 cos 2 2x  1)  x 7
2
1

3 7
We get g(x)    x 7 
2 
1 1
3 7  3  3  7
 g(g(x))    (g(x))7       x 7    x
2  2 2 
Ans. is D
14. Let f(x) = ax + b, where a and b are integers. If f(f(0)) = 0 and f(f(f(4))) = 9, then the value of f(f(f(f(10))))
is equal to
(A) 0 (B) 4 (C) 9 (D) 10
Sol. f(x) = ax + b
f(0) = b
f(f(0)) = a.b + b = 0  (a + 1) b = 0  a = – 1 or b = 0
f(f(f(4))) = 9
ff(f(4a + b)) = 9
 f(a(4a + b) + b) = 9
 f(4a2 + ab + b) = 9
 a(4a2 + ab + b) + b) = 9
 4a3 + a2b + ab + b = 9
3 9
where b = 0, 4a3 = 9  a   a is not an integer
4
when a = –1, –4 + b – b + b = 9  b = 13
 f(x) = – x + 13
f(f(x)) = – (–x + 13) + 13 = x
 f(f(f(f(10)))) = f(f(10)) = 10
 1 
15. Let f (x)    where [y] and {y} denote greatest integer and fractional part function respectively
 cos{x} 
and g(x) = 2x2 – 3x(k + 1) + k(3k + 1). If g(f(x)) < 0  x  R then find the number of integral values of
k.
Sol. f(x) = 1  x  R
 g(1) < 0  x  R
 2 – 3(k + 1) + 3k2 + k < 0
 3k2 – 2k –1 < 0
 (3k + 1) (k – 1) < 0
 1 
 k   ,1 
 3 
Ans. (1)
16. Composition of piecewise defined functions :
If f(x) = | |x – 3| – 2| 0  x  4
g(x) = 4 – |2 – x| –1  x  3
then find fog(x) and draw rough sketch of fog(x).
Sol. f(x) = | | x – 3 | – 2 | 0  x  4
1  x 0  x  1
| x  1| 0  x  3 
  x  1 1  x  3
| x  5 | 3  x  4 
5  x 3  x  4
g(x) = 4 – |2 – x| –1  x  3
4  (2  x)  1  x  2 2  x  1  x  2
 
4  (x  2) 2  x  3 6  x 2x3
1  (2  x) 0  2  x  1 and  1  x  2
2  x  1 1  2  x  3 and  1  x  2
1  g(x) 0  g(x)  1 
 5  (2  x) 3  2  x  4 and  1  x  2
 fog(x)  g(x)  1 1  g(x)  3  
5  g(x) 1 6  x 0  6  x  1 and 2x3
 3  g(x)  4 
6  x  1 1  6  x  3 and 2x3

5  6  x 3  6  x  4 and 2x3
 1  x  2  x  1 and  1  x  2 1  x  2  x  1 and  1  x  2

1  x 1  x  1 and  1  x  2 1  x 1  x  1 and  1  x  2

3  x 1 x  2 and  1  x  2 3  x 1 x  2 and  1  x  2
 
x  5  6   x  5 and 2  x  3  x  5 5 x 6 and 2  x  3
5  x  5   x  3 and 2  x  3 5  x 3 x 5 and 2  x  3
 
x  1  3  x  2 and 2  x  3  x  1 2x3 and 2  x  3
1  x  1  x  1

 3  x 1  x  2
x  1 2  x  3

f(g(x))
2
1
x
–1 1 2 3
x|x|
17. If f (x)  then f–1 (x) is
1 x2
|x| x
(A) ; 1  x  1 (B) ; 1  x  1
1 | x | 1 x
x |x|
(C) sgn(x). ; 1  x  1 (D) sgn(x). ; 1  x  1
1 x 1 | x |
y
Sol. x ; x  0, 0  y  1
1 y
y
 ; x  0, 1  y  0
1 y
Ans. (D)
18. (a) Let f(x) = x2 + 2x ; x  –1. Draw graph of f–1(x) also find the number of solutions of the equation,
f(x) = f–1(x)
(b) If y = f(x) = x2 – 3x + 1, x  2. Find the value of g'(1) where g is inverse of f
y
y = f(x)
x = –1
y=f–1(x)
Sol. (a) x
–2 –1 0
(–1,–1)
f(x) = f–1(x) is equivalent to f(x) = x
 x2 + 2x = x  x(x + 1) = 0  x = 0, – 1
Hence two soution for f(x) = f–1(x)
(b) y = 1  x2 – 3x + 1 = 1
 x(x – 3) = 0  x = 0, 3
But x  2  x = 3
Now g(f(x)) = x
Differentiating both sides w.r.t x
1
 g '(f (x)).f '(x)  1  g '(f (x)) 
f '(x)
1 1 1
 g '(f (3))   g '(1)   (As f '(x)  2x  3)
f '(3) 63 3
Alternate Method
y = x2 – 3x + 1 ; x2 – 3x + 1 – y = 0
3  9  4(1  y) 3  5  4y
x 
2 2
3  5  4y
x  2; x 
2
3  5  4x 1
g(x)  ; g '(x)  0  4
2 4 5  4x
1 1 1
g '(1)   
54 9 3
1
19. Let f, g : R  R be defined by f(x) = 3x – 1 + |2x + 1| and g(x)  ((3x  5) | 2x  5 |) , then
5
(A) fog = gof
(B) (fog)–1 = gog
1 1
(C) y = min (fog(x), (fog(x))2, (fog(x))3, ......(fog(x))101) then at x  , y is 2011
2 2
fogofogofog....fog (5)  3
(D)   
100 times
 1  5
 x  2 x   x  2 x 
2 , g(x)   2
Sol. f (x)   
5x  1  x  5
x x
 2  5 2
 f(x) and g(x) are inverse of each other.
 y = min {fog(x), (fog(x))2 (fog(x))3, ......(fog(x))2011}
 y = min {x, x2, x3, ..... x2011}
1 1
 y    2011
2 2
Ans. is A,C
20. Let f(x) is an odd function defined on R such that f(1) = 2, f(3) = 5 and f(–5) = –1. The value of
f (f (f (3)))  f (f (0))
is
3f (1)  2f (3)  f (5)
2 2 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 5 5 3
Sol. f(x) + f(–x) = 0 for an odd function
 Numerator = f(f(–f(3))) = f(f(–5))
= f(–1) = –f(1) = – 2
Denominator = 3(2) –2(5) + f(–5) = 6 – 10 – 1 = – 5
Ans is C
21. The smallest natural number k for which
 x2 
f (x)  n  x 3  x 6  1   sin 5x    is an odd function  x  [–2, 2], is ([y] denotes largest
k 
integer  y)
(A) 38 (B) 39 (C) 40 (D) 41
Sol. Since f(x) is an odd function and  x 3  x 6  1   sin 5x is an odd function.
 x2  x2
    0 x  [2, 2] 0  1 x  [2, 2]
k  k
Hence k > 42
 Smallest natural number k = 40
 4n  x 
x

 x  e e 
 4n 4n 1  
x0
22. For n  N, the function g(x)   (x sgn x)
  is
 ex  e x 
  
 10, x0
(A) odd function (B) even function
(C) neither even nor odd function (D) constant function
Sol. As g(–x) = g(x)  x  R
 g(x) is an even function
| sin 4x |  | cos 4x |
23. The period of is
| sin 4x  cos 4x |  | sin 4x  cos 4x |
  
(A) (B) (C) (D) 
4 2 8

Sol. Period of | sin 4x |  | cos 4x | is
8

Period of | sin 4x  cos 4x |  | sin 4x  cos 4x |
8

Because period of | sin x  cos x |  | sin x  cos x |
2

Period of given function is
8
24. Let f : R  R be defined by f(x) = max. (1 + |x|, 2 – |x|) then which of the following hold(s) good ?
(A) f is periodic function. (B) f is neither injective nor surjective.
3 
(C) f is even function (D) Range of f   ,  
2 
Sol. Graph of f(x)
y
y = 1 + |x|
(0,2)
(–1/2, 3/2) (1/2, 3/2)
(0,1)
y = 2 – |x|
x
O (0,0)
x = (–1/2) x = (1/2)
Ans. (B,C,D)
n
25. For x  where n  I, the range of function
2
f(x) = sgn(sin x) + sgn(cos x) + sgn(tan x) + sgn(cot x) is equal to
Note: sgn x denotes signum function of x.
(A) {–2, 4} (B) {–2, 0, 4} (C) {–4, –2, 0, 4} (D) {0, 2, 4}
Sol. f(x) periodic with period 2.
 
4; 0x
2

2; 
x
 2
f (x)  
0; 3
x
 2
 3
2  x  2
 2
 Range of function = {–2, 0, 4}
x
26. Find the sum of all solution of the equation cot  log 2 {x} in x  (0,100) .
2
[Note: {k} denotes the fractional part function of k.]
x
Sol. We plot the graph of y  cot and y  log 2{x}
2
x
y = cot
y 2
 1 3/2 2 3 7/2
x
–1 4
y=log2{x}
3 7 11
We can observe point of intersection are , , ,....
2 2 2
3 7 11 199
and the sum is    ....   2525
2 2 2 2
19
27. If f(x) is a function such that f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) = 3f (x) and f(5) = 100, then find  f (5  12r) .
r 0
Sol. Given, f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) = 3f (x) .....(1)

from (1), f(x+ 1) + f(x + 3) = 3f (x  2) .....(2)
adding (1) and (2)
f (x  1)  f (x  3)  2f (x  1)  3[f (x)  f (x  2)]
 3 . 3 f (x  1)
 f(x – 1) + f(x + 3) = f(x+ 1) .....(3)
 f(x + 1) + f(x + 5) = f(x+ 3) .....(4)
adding (3) and (4)
f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) + f(x + 3) + f(x + 5) = f(x + 1) + f(x + 3)
 f(x – 1) = –f(x + 5)
 f(x) = –f(x + 6) .....(5)
 f(x + 12) = f(x)
19
Now,  f (5  12r) = f(5) + f(5 + 12) + f(5 + 2.12) + .....+f(5 + 19.12)
r 0
= f(5) + f(5) + f(5) + ...... upto 20 terms
= 20f(5) = 20 × 100 = 2000
 2f (x) 
28. If x  log 4   , then find (f(2010) + f(–2009))
 1  f (x) 
 2f (x) 
Sol. Given, x  log 4  
 1  f (x) 
2f (x) x  4x 
  4  f (x)     f (1  x)  f (x)  1
1  f (x)  2  4x 
So, f(2010) + f(–2009) = 1
1 n
29. If f(x) is a polynomial of degree n such that f (0)  0, f (1)  ,......f (n)  , then find f(n + 1)
2 n 1
Sol. (x + 1) f(x) – x is a polynomial of degree n + 1
 (x + 1) f(x) – x = k(x) [x – 1] [x – 2] ..... [x – n]
 [n + 2] f(n + 1) – (n + 1) = k[(n + 1)!]
Also, 1 = k (–1) (–2) ..... ((–n + 1))
1 = k (–1)n+1 (n + 1)!
 (n + 2) f(n + 1) – (n + 1) = (–1)n+1  f(n + 1) = 1, is n is odd
n
and , if n is even.
n 1
1
30. If the relation af (x)  bf    g(x) , (x  0) does not provide a unique f(x) then prove that
x
1
g 2 (x)  g 2    0 .
x
Sol. 1 .....(1)

af (x)  bf    g(x)
x
1 1
 af    bf (x)  g   .....(2)
x x
(1) × a – (2) × b
2 1
 a f (x)  abf    ag(x)
x
1 2 1
ab f    b f (x)  bg  
x x

2 2 1
 (a  b ) f (x)  ag(x)  bg  
x
Since it does not provid unique f(x)
1
a2 – b2 = 0 and ag(x)  bg    0
x
1
(a – b) (a + b) = 0 and ag(x)  bg    0
x
1
when a = b, g(x)  g    0
x
1
when a = –b, g(x)  g    0
x
1
 g 2 (x)  g 2    0
x
FUNCTIONS
CONCEPT BUILDING-01
1. Which of the following is a function ?
(i) {(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4)} (ii) {(1, 4), (2, 5), (1, 6), (3, 9)}
(iii) {(1, 2), (3, 3), (2, 3), (1, 4)} (iv) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2)}
2. Find the domains of definitions of the following functions :
(Read the symbols [*] and {*} as greatest and fractional part functions respectively.)
(i) f(x) = cos 2x  16  x 2 (ii) f(x) = log7 log5 log3 log2(2x3 + 5x2 – 14x)
1  5x
(iii) f(x) = ln  x 2  5x  24  x  2  (iv) f(x) =
7 x  7
 2log10 x  1 
(v) y = log10 sin(x – 3) + 16  x 2 (vi) f(x) = log100x  
 x 
1 x
(vii) f(x) = + ln x(x2 – 1) (viii) f(x) = log 1 2
4x 2  1 2
x 1
2 1 2 2
(ix) f(x) = x  | x |  2
(x) f(x) = (x  3x  10)  l n (x  3)
9x
cos x  (1/ 2)
(xi) f(x) = log x (cos 2x) (xii) f(x) =
6  35x  6x 2
[x]
(xiii) 
f(x) = log1/3 log 4 [x]2  5   (xiv) f(x) =
2x  [x]
(xv) f(x) = logx sin x
3. Find the domain & range of the following functions.
(Read the symbols [*] and {*} as greatest and fractional part functions respectively).
2x
(i) f(x) = log 5  2(sin x  cos x)  3  (ii) f(x) =
1 x2
x 2  3x  2 x
(iii) f(x) = 2 (iv) f(x) =
x  x 6 1 | x |
(v) f(x) = 2 + x – [x – 3] (vi) f(x) = log3 (5 + 4x – x2)
4. The range of the function f(x) = |x – 1| + |x – 2|, –1  x  3 is
(A) [1, 3] (B) [1, 5] (C) [3, 5] (D) None of these
5. The range of the function f(x) = 2|sin x| – 3|cos x| is :
(A) [–2, 13 ] (B) [–2, 3] (C) [3, 13 ] (D) [–3, 2]
6. (i) The function f(x) is defined on the interval [0, 1]. Find the domain of definition of the functions.
(a) f(sin x) (b) f(2x + 3)
(ii) Given that y = f(x) is a function whose domain is [4, 7] and range is [–1, 9]. Find the range and domain of
1
(a) g(x) = f(x) (b) h(x) = f(x – 7)
3
CONCEPT BUILDING-02
1. Classify the following functions f(x) definzed in R  R as injective, surjective, both or none.
x2
(a) f(x) = (b) f(x) = x + |x|
1 x2
2 2
ex  e x
(c) f(x) = ex – e–x (d) f(x) = 2 2
e x  e x
 1  1
2. If f(x) = |x| and g(x) = [x], then value of fog    + gof    is
 4  4
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D) 1/4
3. If f : R  R, f(x) = x3 + 3, and g : R  R, g(x) = 2x + 1, then f–1og–1(23) equals :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) (14)1/3 (D) (15)1/3
4. Which of the following functions has its inverse :
(A) f : R  R, f(x) = ax (B) f : R  R, f(x) = |x| + |x – 1|
(C) f : R  R+, f(x) = |x| (D) f : [, 2]  [–1, 1], f(x) = cos x
 2, when x  Q
5. If function f(x) =  , (fof) 4 the value will be :
 0, when x  Q
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) None of these
1 x   3x  x 3 
6. If f(x) = log   and g(x) =  1  3x 2  , then f[g(x)] is equal to :
 1 x   
(A) – f(x) (B) 3f(x) (C) [f(x)]3 (D) None of these

7. If f : R  R, g : R  R and f(x) = 3x + 4 and (gof) (x) = 2x – 1, then the value of g(x) is :
1
(A) 2x – 1 (B) 2x – 11 (C) (2x – 11) (D) None of these
3
8. If f : R  R, f(x) = x2 + 2x – 3 and g : R  R, g(x) = 3x – 4, then the value of fog(x) is :
(A) 3x2 + 6x – 13 (B) 9x2 – 18x + 5 (C) (3x – 4)2 + 2x – 3 (D) None of these
   
9. If f(x) = sin2 x + sin2  x   + cos x cos  x   and g(x) is a one-one function defined in R  R, then
 3  3
(gof) (x) is
(A) one-one (B) onto
(C) constant function (D) periodic with fundamental period 
10. Compute the inverse of the functions :
x
10 x  10 x

(a) f(x) = ln x  x  1 2
 (b) f(x) = 2 x 1 (c) y = x
10  10 x
CONCEPT BUILDING-03
1. Find whether the following function are even or odd or none
x(a x  1)
(a) 
f(x) = log x  1  x 2  (b) f(x) =
a x 1
(c) f(x) = sin x + cos x
(d) f(x) = x sin2 x – x3 (e) f(x) = sin x – cos x
 1 1
2. Let f  x   = x2 + 2 (x  0), then f(x) equals :
 x x
(A) x2 – 2 (B) x2 – 1 (C) x2 (D) None of these

3. Find the period of following function :
(i) f(x) = |sin 2x| is :
(A) /4 (B) /2 (C)  (D)
 x   x 
(ii) f(x) = sin   + cos   is
 2   2 
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 24
(iii) f(x) = log cos 2x + tan 4x is
(A) /2 (B) (C) 2 (D) 2/5
4. In the following which function is not periodic
(A) tan 4x (B) cos 2x (C) cos x2 (D) cos2 x
5. Suppose f is a real function satisfying f(x + f(x)) = 4f(x) and f(1) = 4. Find the value of f(21).
6. Let 'f' be a function defined from R+  R+. If [f(xy)]2 = x(f(y))2 for all positive numbers x and y and
f(2) = 6, find the value of f(50).
7. Let f(x) be a function with two properties
(i) for any two real number x and y, f(x + y) = x + f(y) and
(ii) f(0) = 2
Find the value of f(100).
8. The period of cos(x + 4x + 9x +....+ n2x) is /7, then n  N is equal to :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
9. Write explicitly, functions of y defined by the following equations and also find the domains of definition
of the given implicit functions :
(a) 10x + 10y = 10 (b) x + |y| = 2y
 1
10. Function f & g are defined by f(x) = sin x, x  R ; g(x) = tan x, x  R –  K   
 2
where K  I. Find
(i) Periods of fog & gof (ii) Range of the function fog and gof
EXERCISE–I
1. Find the domains of definitions of the following functions :
(Read the symbols [*] and {*} as greatest integers and fractional part functions respectively.)
  
  log  1  1 
(i) f (x) = log2  1/ 2
  + log10 log10 x  log10  4  log10 x  log10 3



x
sin 100   
1 1 1
(ii) f (x) = + log1 – {x}(x2 – 3x + 10) + +
[x] 2| x| sec(sin x)
1
 7 
(iii) 
f (x) = (5x  6  x ) lnx + (7 x  5  2x ) +  
2 2 l n  x 

 2 
(iv) f (x) = log  1

x 2  x  6  16 x C 2 x 1  203 x
P2 x 5
 x  x 
 3 
(v) f (x) = log10  log|sin x| ( x 2  8x  23)  

 log 2 | sin x | 
2. Find the domain & range of the following functions.
(Read the symbols [*] and {*} as greatest integers and fractional part functions respectively.)
(i) y = 2  x  1  x
(ii) f (x) = log(cosec x - 1) (2  [sin x]  [sin x]2)
x 4 3
(iii) f (x) =
x 5
3. (a) Draw graphs of the following function, where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function.
(i) f (x) = x + [x] (ii) y = (x)[x] where x = [x] + (x) & x > 0 & x  3
(iii) y = sgn [x] (iv) sgn (x x)
(b) Identify the pair(s) of functions which are identical ?
(where [x] denotes greatest integer and {x} denotes fractional part function)
1  cos 2 x
(i) f (x) = sgn (x2 – 3x + 4) and g (x) = e[{x}] and g (x) = tan x
(ii) f (x) =
1  cos 2 x
cos x 1 sin x
(iii) f (x) = ln(1 + x) + ln(1 – x) and g (x) = ln(1 – x2) (iv) f (x) = and g (x) =
1  sin x cos x
4. Classify the following functions f(x) definzed in R  R as injective, surjective, both or none .
x 2  4x  30
(a) f(x) = (b) f(x) = x3  6 x2 + 11x  6 (c) f(x) = (x2 + x + 5) (x2 + x  3)
x 2  8x  18
5. Solve the following problems from (a) to (e) on functional equation.
(a) The function f (x) defined on the real numbers has the property that f  f ( x ) ·1  f ( x )  = – f (x) for all
x in the domain of f. If the number 3 is in the domain and range of f, compute the value of f (3).
(b) Suppose f is a real function satisfying f (x + f (x)) = 4 f (x) and f (1) = 4. Find the value of f (21).
(c) Let 'f' be a function defined from R+  R+ . If [ f (xy)]2 = x  f ( y) 2 for all positive numbers x and y and
f (2) = 6, find the value of f (50).
(d) Let f (x) be a function with two properties
(i) for any two real number x and y, f (x + y) = x + f (y) and (ii) f (0) = 2.
Find the value of f (100).
(e) Let f be a function such that f (3) = 1 and f (3x) = x + f (3x – 3) for all x. Then find the value of f (300).
ax 8  bx 6  cx 4  dx 2  15x  1
(f) Suppose that f (x) is a function of the form f (x) = (x  0). If f (5) = 2
x
then find the value of f (– 5).
6. Suppose f (x) = sin x and g (x) = 1 – x . Then find the domain and range of the following functions.
(a) fog (b) gof (c) fof (d) gog
    5
7. If f(x) = sin²x + sin²  x    cos x cos x   and g    1 , then find (gof) (x).
 3  3 4
1 x 
8. A function f : R  R is such that f   = x for all x  – 1. Prove the following.
1 x 
(a) f  f ( x )  = x (b) f 1 x  = – f (x), x  0 (c) f (– x – 2) = – f (x) – 2.
x
9. (a) Find the formula for the function fogoh, given f (x) = ; g (x) = x10 and h (x) = x + 3. Find also the
x 1
domain of this function. Also compute (fogoh)(–1).
(b) Given F (x) = cos2(x + 9). Find the function f, g, h such that F = fogoh.
10. If f (x) = max  x, 1 x  for x > 0 where max (a, b) denotes the greater of the two real numbers a and b.

Define the function g(x) = f (x) · f 1 x  and plot its graph.
11. (a) The function f (x) has the property that for each real number x in its domain, 1/x is also in its domain and
f (x) + f 1 x  = x. Find the largest set of real numbers that can be in the domain of f (x)?
(b) Let f (x) = ax 2  bx . Find the set of real values of 'a' for which there is at least one positive real value
of 'b' for which the domain of f and the range of f are the same set.
 x if x  1
 1  x if x  0 
12. f (x) =  2 and g (x) =  find (fog)(x) and (gof)(x)
 x if x  0  1  x if x  1
13. Find whether the following functions are even or odd or none
2
(a) f(x) =
1  2  x
2x
x x
(b) f(x)= x
 1
e 1 2
(c) f(x) = [(x+1)²]1/3 + [(x 1)²]1/3
 x 2n  e1/x  e1/x  
(d) f(x) =  2n 2n 1  1/x 1/x   , x 0 and n  N
 (x sgn x)  e  e  
14.(i) Write explicitly, functions of y defined by the following equations and also find the domains of definition
of the given implicit functions :
(a) 10x + 10y = 10 (b) x + y= 2y
(ii) The function f(x) is defined on the interval [0,1]. Find the domain of definition of the functions.
(a) f (sin x) (b) f (2x+3)
(iii) Given that y = f (x) is a function whose domain is [4, 7] and range is [–1, 9]. Find the range and domain of
1
(a) g (x) = f (x) (b) h (x) = f (x – 7)
3
log10 x
15. Find the inverse of f (x) = 2  8 and hence solve the equation f (x) = f–1(x).
16. (a) Suppose that f is an even, periodic function with period 2, and that f (x) = x for all x in the interval
[0, 1]. Find the value of f (3.14).
(b) Find out for what integral values of n the number 3 is a period of the function :
f(x) = cos nx . sin (5/n) x.
17. Let f(x) = ln x and g(x) = x2 – 1
Column-I contains composite functions and column-II contains their domain. Match the entries of column-
I with their corresponding answer is column-II.
Column-I Column-II
(A) fog (P) (1, )
(B) gof (Q) (–, )
(C) fof (R) (–, –1)  (1, )
(D) gog (S) (0, )
18. The graph of the function y = f (x) is as follows.
Match the function mentioned in Column-I with the respective graph given in Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
y
1
–2 –1 1 2 x
(A) y = | f (x) | (P) O
–1
y
1
x
(B) y = f ( | x | ) (Q) –2 –1 O 1 2
–1
y
1
x
(C) y = f (– | x | ) (R) –2 –1 O 1 2
–1
y
1
1
(D) y = ( | f (x) | – f (x) ) (S) –2
x
2 –1 O 1 2
–1
EXERCISE–II
1. Let f be a oneone function with domain {x,y,z} and range {1,2,3}. It is given that exactly one of the
following statements is true and the remaining two are false.
f(x) = 1 ; f(y)  1 ; f(z)  2. Determine f1(1)
2. Let x = log49 + log928
show that [x] = 3, where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
3. (a) A function f is defined for all positive integers and satisfies f(1) = 2005 and f(1)+ f(2)+ ... + f(n) = n2f(n)
for all n > 1. Find the value of f(2004).
(b) If a, b are positive real numbers such that a – b = 2, then find the smallest value of the constant L for
which x 2  ax  x 2  bx < L for all x > 0.
(c) Let f (x) = x2 + kx ; k is a real number. The set of values of k for which the equation f (x) = 0 and
f  f ( x )  = 0 have same real solution set.
(d) Let P(x) = x6 + ax5 + bx4 + cx3 + dx2 + ex + f be a polynomial such that P(1) = 1 ; P(2) = 2 ; P(3) = 3;
P(4) = 4; P(5) = 5 and P(6) = 6 then find the value of P(7).
(e) Let a and b be real numbers and let f (x) = a sin x + b 3 x + 4,  x  R. If f log10 (log 3 10)  = 5 then
find the value of f log10 (log10 3)  .
4. Column I contains functions and column II contains their natural domains. Exactly one entry of column II
matches with exactly one entry of column I.
Column I Column II
2
 x  3x  2 
(A) g (x) = ln  (P) (1, 3)  (3, )
 x  1 
1
(B) h (x) = (Q) (– , 2)
 x 1 
ln  
 2   1
(C) (x) = ln  x 2  12  2 x  (R)   ,  
   2
(S) [–3, –1)  [1, )
5. Let [x] = the greatest integer less than or equal to x. If all the values of x such that the product
 1  1 2 2 2 2
x  2   x  2  is prime, belongs to the set [x1, x2)  [x3, x4), find the value of x1  x 2  x 3  x 4 .
   
6. Suppose p(x) is a polynomial with integer coefficients. The remainder when p(x) is divided by x – 1 is 1
and the remainder when p(x) is divided by x – 4 is 10. If r (x) is the remainder when p(x) is divided by
(x – 1)(x – 4), find the value of r (2006).
1
e  | ln{ x }| | ln{ x }|
 {x} where ever it exists
7. Prove that the function defined as , f (x) = 

 {x} otherwise , then
f (x) is odd as well as even. (where {x} denotes the fractional part function )
 1    1  x 
8. In a function 2 f(x) + xf    2f  2 sin    x     = 4 cos2 + x cos
 x    4  2 x
Prove that (i) f(2) + f(1/2) = 1 and (ii) f(2) + f(1) = 0
9. A function f , defined for all x , y  R is such that f (1) = 2 ; f (2) = 8
& f (x + y)  k xy = f (x) + 2 y2 , where k is some constant . Find f (x) & show that :
 1 
f (x + y) f   = k for x + y  0.
 x  y
10. Let f : R  R – {3} be a function with the property that there exist T > 0 such that
f (x )  5
f (x + T) = for every x  R. Prove that f (x) is periodic.
f (x )  3
11. If f (x) = 1 + x  2 , 0  x  4
g (x) = 2  x ,  1  x  3
Then find fog (x) & gof (x) . Draw rough sketch of the graphs of fog (x) & gof (x) .
12. Let f (x) = x135 + x125 – x115 + x5 + 1. If f (x) is divided by x3 – x then the remainder is some function
of x say g (x). Find the value of g (10).
13. Let {x} & [x] denote the fractional and integral part of a real number x respectively. Solve 4{x}= x + [x]
9x  1   2   3   2005 
14. Let f (x) = x then find the value of the sum f   + f   + f   + ....+ f  
9 3  2006   2006   2006   2006 
15. Let f (x) = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4) + 5 where x  [–6, 6]. If the range of the function is
[a, b] where a, b  N then find the value of (a + b).
16. Find a formula for a function g (x) satisfying the following conditions
(a) domain of g is (– , ) (b) range of g is [–2, 8]
(c) g has a period  and (d) g (2) = 3
3 4
17. The set of real values of 'x' satisfying the equality   +   = 5 (where [ ] denotes the greatest integer
x x
function) belongs to the interval a, b c where a, b, c  N and b c is in its lowest form. Find the value
of a + b + c + abc.
18. f (x) and g (x) are linear function such that for all x, f  g ( x )  and g  f ( x )  are Identity functions.
If f (0) = 4 and g (5) = 17, compute f (2006).
19. A is a point on the circumference of a circle. Chords AB and AC divide the area of the circle into three
equal parts. If the angle BAC is the root of the equation, f (x) = 0 then find f (x).
20. If for all real values of u & v, 2 f(u) cos v = f (u + v) + f (u  v), prove that, for all real values of x.
(i) f (x) + f ( x) = 2a cos x (ii) f ( x) + f( x) = 0
(iii) f ( x) + f (x) =  2b sin x. Deduce that f (x) = a cos x  b sin x, a, b are arbitrary constants.
21. Given X = {1, 2, 3, 4}, find all oneone, onto mappings, f : X  X such that,
f (1) = 1 , f (2)  2 and f (4)  4 . [REE 2000, 3 out of 100]
EXERCISE–III
 4x  3   4x  3 
1. The period of the function f(x) = 4 sin4  2  + 2 cos  2  is :
 6   3 
3 2 33 4 2 4 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 4 3 3
1 x 
2. If 2f(x – 1) – f   = x, then f(x) is :
 x 
1 1  (1  x)
(A)  2(1  x)   (B) 2(x – 1) –
3 (1  x)  x
1 1 1 
(C) x2 + + 4 (D) (x  2)  
x2 4 (x  2) 
3. If f : R  R be a function satisfying f(2x + 3) + f(2x + 7) = 2,  x  R, then period of f(x) is :
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 16
1
4. If 2 < x2 < 3, then the number of positive roots of {x2} =   , (where {x} denotes the fractional
x
part of x) is :
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
2(e x  e x )(sin x  tan x)
5. f(x) = is (where [.] denotes the greatest integer function)
 x  2 
2 3
  
(A) an odd function (B) an even function
(C) neither even nor odd (D) both even and odd
6. If f(x + ay, x – ay) = axy, then f(x, y) equals :
x 2  y2 x 2  y2
(A) (B) (C) x2 (D) y2
4 4
7. If f : R  R, f(x) = ex, & g : R  R, g(x) = 3x – 2, then the value of (fog)–1 (x) is equal to
2  log x  x 3
(A) log(x – 2) (B) (C) log   (D) None of these
3  2 
x  [x]
8. Let f(x) = , then range of f(x) is ([.] = G.I.F.) :
1  [x]  x
(A) [0, 1] (B) [0, 1/2] (C) [1/2, 1] (D) [0, 1/2)
9. If f(x) be a polynomial satisfying f(x) . f(1/x) = f(x ) + f(1/x) and f(4) = 65 then f(6) = ?
(A) 176 (B) 217 (C) 289 (D) None of these
10. The range of the function f(x) = sin(cos x)  cos(sin x) is :
(A) 1,1  cos1  (B)  cos1,1  cos1 

   
(C)  cos1,1  sin1  (D) 1,1  sin1 

   
11. Let f(x) = cot(5  3x)(cot(5)  cot(3x))  cot 3x  1 , then domain is :
 n  
(A) R –   , n  I (B) (2n + 1) , n  I
3 6
 n n  5   n  5 
(C) R –  ,  , n  I (D) R –   n  I
3 3   3 
12. If f(x) is even, periodic function defined for all x  R and has period 1, then
 1 1  2 
(A) f  x   = f(x) (B) f   x   f   x 
 2 3  3 
(C) f(x + 1) = f(2x + 1) (D) f(0) can not be zero
13. The number of bijective functions f : A  A, where A = {1, 2, 3, 4} such that f(1)  3, f(2)  1,
f(3)  4, f(4)  2 is :
(A) 11 (B) 23 (C) 12 (D) 9
n(n  1)
14. The period of the function, f(x) = [x] + [2x] + [3x] +.....+ [nx] – x, where n  N and [] denotes
2
the greatest integer function, is :
1
(A) 1 (B) n (C) (D) Non periodic
n
15. Let set A consists of 5 elements and set B consists of 3 elements. Number of functions that can be
defined from A to B which are not surjective is :
(A) 99 (B) 93 (C) 123 (D) None
x 3
16. Let f(x) = , x  –1. Then f2010(2014) [where f n(x) = fof.....of
  (x)] is :
x 1 n times
(A) 2010 (B) 4020 (C) 4028 (D) 2014

17. Let f(x) = sin x , then
(A) f(x) is periodic with period 2 (B) f(x) is periodic with period 
(C) f(x) is periodic with period 42 (D) None of these
18. Let f be a real valued function such that
 2002 
f (x) + 2 f   = 3x
 x 
for all x > 0. The value of f (2), is
(A) 1000 (B) 2000 (C) 3000 (D) 4000
19. Which one of the following depicts the graph of an odd function?
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
 x   x 
20. The period of the function f(x) = sin 2x + sin    sin   is
 3   5 
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 15 (D) 30
8 8 4 4
21. Given f (x) =  and g (x) =  then g(x) is
1 x 1 x f (sin x ) f (cos x )
(A) periodic with period /2 (B) periodic with period 
(C) periodic with period 2 (D) aperiodic
n
k
22. Suppose, f(x, n) =  log x   , then the value of x satisfying the equation f(x, 10) = f(x, 11) is
k 1 x
(A) 9 (B) 10 (C) 11 (D) none
x ln x
23. f(x) = and g(x) = . Then identify the CORRECT statement
ln x x
1 1
(A) and f(x) are identical functions (B) and g(x) are identical functions
g(x) f (x)
1
(C) f(x) . g(x) = 1  x > 0 (D) = 1  x > 0
f (x) . g(x)
f (x)
24. Let f be a function satisfying f(xy) = for all positive real numbers x and y. If f(30) = 20, then the
y
value of f(40) is :
(A) 15 (B) 20 (C) 40 (D) 60
25. Let f (x) = sin2x + cos4x + 2 and g (x) = cos(cos x) + cos(sin x). Also let period of f (x) and g (x) be
T1 and T2 respectively then
(A) T1 = 2T2 (B) 2T1 = T2 (C) T1 = T2 (D) T1 = 4T2
2
26. Let f (x) = ; g (x) = cos x and h (x) = x  3 then the range of the composite function fogoh, is
x 1
(A) R+ (B) R – {0} (C) [1, ) (D) R+ – {1}
27. If f (x, y) = max(x, y) min( x , y ) and g (x, y) = max(x, y) – min(x, y), then
  3 
f  g   1,  , g (4,  1.75)  equals
  2 
(A) – 0.5 (B) 0.5 (C) 1 (D) 1.5
28. If the solution set for f (x) < 3 is (0, ) and the solution set for f (x) > – 2 is (– , 5), then the true solution
set for  f ( x ) 2  f (x) + 6, is
(A) (– , + ) (B) (– , 0] (C) [0, 5] (D) (– , 0]  [5, )
29. The graph of the function y = g (x) is shown.
1
The number of solutions of the equation g ( x )  1  , is
2
(A) 4 (B) 5
(C) 6 (D) 8
9
30. Let R be the region in the first quadrant bounded by the x and y axis and the graphs of f(x) = x + b
25
and y = f–1(x). If the area of R is 49, then the value of b, is
18 22 28
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
5 5 5
31. Consider the functions
f : X  Y and g : Y  Z
then which of the following is/are incorrect ?
(A) If f and g both are injective then gof : X  Z is injective
(B) If f and g both are surjective gof : X  Z is surjective
(C) If gof : X  Z is bijective then f is injective and g is surjective
(D) none
32. Which of the following statements are incorrect ?
I If f(x) and g(x) are one to one then f(x) + g(x) is also one to one
II If f(x) and g(x) are one-one then f(x) . g(x) is also one-one
III If f(x) is odd then it is necessarily one to one
(A) I and II only (B) II and III only (C) III and I only (D) I, II and III
0 if x is rational 0 if x is irrational
 
33. Let f (x) =  and g (x) = 
 x if x is irrational  x if x is rational
Then the function (f – g) x is
(A) odd (B) even
(C) neither odd nor even (D) odd as well as even
34. Let a > 1 be a real number and f(x) = logax2 for x > 0. If f–1 is the inverse function of f and b and c are
real numbers then f–1(b + c) is equal to
1 1
(A) f–1(b) . f–1(c) (B) f–1(b) + f–1(c) (C) (D)
f (b  c) f (b)  f 1 (c)
1
35. Period of f(x) = nx + n – [nx + n], (n  N where [] denotes the greatest integer function is
(A) 1 (B) 1/n (C) n (D) none of these
36. Let f(x) = sin [a] x (where [] denotes the greatest integer function). If f is periodic with fundamental

period , then a belongs to :
(A) [2, 3) (B) {4, 5} (C) [4, 5] (D) [4, 5)
37. Given f (x) is a polynomial function of x, satisfying f(x) . f(y) = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy) – 2 and that f (2) = 5.
Then f (3) is equal to
(A) 10 (B) 24 (C) 15 (D) none
38. The function f is one to one and the sum of all the intercepts of the graph is 5. The sum of all of the graph
of y = f–1(x) is
(A) 5 (B) 1/5 (C) 2/5 (D) – 5
39. The period of the function f(x) = sin(x + 3 – [x + 3]), where [] denotes the greatest integer function is
(A) 2 + 3 (B) 2  (C) 1 (D) 3
40. If f(x) = x2 + bx + c and f(2 + t) = f(2 – t) for all real numbers t, then which of the following is true ?
(A) f(1) < f(2) < f(4) (B) f(2) < f(1) < f(4) (C) f(2) < f(4) < f(1) (D) f(4) < f(2) < f(1)
41. The solution set for [x]{x} = 1 where {x} and [x] are fractional part & integral part of x, is
(A) R+ – (0, 1) (B) R+ – {1}
 1   1 
(C) m  / m  I  {0} (D) m  / m  N  {1}
 m   m 
42. If f(x) = px + q and f  f  f (x)   = 8x + 21, where p and q are real numbers, then p + q equals
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 11
43. If f(x) = 2 tan 3x + 5 1  cos 6x ; g(x) is a function having the same time period as that of f(x), then

which of the following can be g(x).
(A) (sec2 3x + cosec2 3x)tan2 3x (B) 2sin 3x + 3cos 3x
(C) 2 1  cos 2 3x + cosec 3x (D) 3 cosec 3x + 2 tan 3x
8
44. The range of the function y = is
9  x2
8   8 8 
(A) (–, ) – {± 3} (B)  ,   (C)  0,  (D) (–, 0)   ,  
9   9 9 
{x}
45. Range of the function f (x) = where {x} denotes the fractional part function is
1  {x}
1  1  1
(A) [0 , 1) (B) 0,  (C) 0,  (D)  0, 
 2  2  2
46. Given the graphs of the two functions, y = f(x) & y = g(x). In the
adjacent figure from point A on the graph of the function y = f(x)
corresponding to the given value of the independent variable (say x0), a
straight line is drawn parallel to the X-axis to intersect the bisector of
the first and the third quadrants at point B. From the point B a straight
line parallel to the Y-axis is drawn to intersect the graph of the function
y = g(x) at C. Again a straight line is drawn from the point C parallel to
the X-axis, to intersect the line NN ' at D. If the straight line NN ' is
parallel to Y-axis, then the co-ordinates of the point D are
(A) f(x0), g(f(x0)) (B) x0, g(x0)
(C) x0, g(f(x0)) (D) f(x0), f(g (x0))
 y y
47. If f  x  , x   = xy then f(m, n) + f(n, m) = 0
 8 8
(A) only when m = n (B) only when m  n
(C) only when m = – n (D) for all m & n
x rx
48. Let f(x) = and let g(x) = . Let S be the set off all real numbers r such that f(g(x)) = g(f (x))
1 x 1 x
for infinitely many real number x. The number of elements in set S is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5
49. Let [x] denote the greatest integer in x. Then in the interval [0, 3] the number of solutions of the equation,
x2 – 3x + [x] = 0 is
(A) 6 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 0
x3  1
50. The domain of function, satisfying f(x) + f(x–1) = , is
x
(A) An empty set (B) a singleton (C) a finite set (D) an infinite set
51. Let f(x) = ([a]2 – 5[a] + 4)x3 – (6{a}2 – 5{a} + 1) x – (tan x)sgn x, be an even function for all x  R, then
sum of all possible values of ‘a’ is
(where [ ] and { } denote greatest integer function and fractional part functions respectively)
17 53 31 35
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 6 3 3
k f 4 (k) 2009
52. Let f(k) = and g(k) = then the sum  g(k) is equal :
2009 (1  f (k)) 4  (f (k)) 4 k 0
(A) 2009 (B) 2008 (C) 1005 (D) 1004
| sin x |  | cos x |
53. The period of the function f(x) = is
| sin x  cos x |
(A) /2 (B) /4 (C)  (D) 2
54. A function f(x) = 1  2x + x is defined from D1  D2 and is onto. If the set D1 is its complete

domain then the set D2 is
 1
(A)  ,  (B) (–, 2) (C) (–, 1) (D) (–, 1]
 2
55. Which of the following is true for a real valued function y = f (x), defined on [– a, a] ?
(A) f (x) can be expressed as a sum or a difference of two even functions
(B) f (x) can be expressed as a sum or a difference of two odd functions
(C) f (x) can be expressed as a sum or a difference of an odd and an even function
(D) f (x) can never be expressed as a sum or a difference of an odd and an even function
x 1
56. If for all x different from both 1 and 0 we have f1(x) = , f2(x) = , and for all integers n  1,we
x 1 1 x
 f n 1  f1 (x)  if n is odd
have f n+2(x) =  then f4(x) equals
 f n 1  f 2 (x)  if n is even
(A) x (B) x – 1 (C) f1(x) (D) f2(x)
57. Suppose that f(n) is a real valued function whose domain is the set of positive integers and that f(n)
satisfies the following two properties
f(1) = 23 and f(n + 1) = 8 + 3 . f(n), for n  1
It follows that there are constants p, q and r such that f(n) = p . qn – r, for n = 1, 2,.....
then the value of p + q + r is
(A) 16 (B) 17 (C) 20 (D) 26
58. The domain of f(x) = x  2  2 x  3  x  2  2 x  3 is

(A) [3, 5] (B) (3, 5) (C) [5, ) (D) [3, )
e2x 1  1   2   3   2008 
59. If f(x) =
1 e 2x 1 , then the value of f  f  f   + ..... + f  2009  is
 2009   2009   2009   
(A) 1002.5 (B) 1001.5 (C) 1003 (D) 1004
 0 ; x 1
60. f(x) = 
 2x  2 ; x  1
then number of solution(s) to the equation f(f(f(f(x)))) = x
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 0
Paragraph for question nos. 61 to 64
Let f (x) = x2 – 2x – 1  x  R. Let f : (– , a]  [b, ), where 'a' is the largest real number for which
f (x) is bijective.
61. The value of (a + b) is equal to
(A) – 2 (B) – 1 (C) 0 (D) 1
62. Let f : R  R, g (x) = f (x) + 3x – 1, then the least value of function y = g(| x |) is
(A) – 9/4 (B) – 5/4 (C) – 2 (D) – 1
63. Let f : [a, )  [b, ), then f –1(x) is given by
(A) 1 + x  2 (B) 1 – x  3 (C) 1 – x  2 (D) 1 + x  3
64. Let f : R  R, then range of values of k for which equation f (| x |) = k has 4 distinct real roots is
(A) (– 2, – 1) (B) (– 2, 0) (C) ( – 1, 0) (D) (0, 1)
Paragraph for question nos. 65 to 67
Define a function  : N  N as follows : (1) = 1, (Pn) = Pn–1(P – 1) if P is prime and n  N and
(mn) =(m) (n) if m & n are relative prime natural numbers.
65. (8n + 4) where n N is equal to
(A) (4n + 2) (B) (2n + 1) (C) 2(2n + 1) (D) 4(2n + 1)
66. The number of natural numbers ‘n’ such that (n) is odd is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) none
67. If (7n) = 2058 where n N, then the value of n is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
[REASONING TYPE]
68. Consider the function
f(x) = (x+1C2x–8) (2x–8Cx+1)
Statement-1 : Domain of f(x) is singleton.
because
Statement-2 : Range of f(x) is singleton.
(A) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 is correct explanation for Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true and Statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for Statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
(D) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]

69. A continuous function f(x) on R  R satisfies the relation
f(x) + f(2x + y) + 5xy = f(3x – y) + 2x2 + 1 for  x, y  R
then which of the following hold(s) good ?
(A) f is many one (B) f has no minima
(C) f is neither odd nor even (D) f is bounded
70. Which of the following function (s) is/are Transcendental ?
2sin 3x
(A) f(x) = 5 sin x (B) f(x) = 2
x  2x  1
(C) f(x) = x 2  2x  1 (D) f(x) = (x2 + 3) . 2x
71. The functions which are aperiodic are :
(A) y = [x + 1] (B) y = sin x2 (C) y = sin2 x (D) y = sin–1 x
where [x] denotes greatest integer function
72. Which of the following function(s) is/are periodic with period .
(A) f(x) = |sin x| (B) f(x) = [x + ] (C) f(x) = cos(sin x) (D) f(x) = cos2 x
(where [.] denotes the greatest integer function)
73. Which of the following function(s) is/are periodic ?
(A) f(x) = x – [x] (B) g(x) = sin(1/x), x  0 & g(0) = 0
(C) h(x) = x cos x (D) w(x) = sin–1(sin x)
74. Which of the functions defined below are one-one function(s) ?
(A) f(x) = (x + 1), (x  – 1) (B) g(x) = x + (1/x)(x > 0)
2
(C) h(x) = x + 4x – 5, (x > 0) (D) f(x) = e–x, (x  0)
75. Which of the following functions are not homogeneous ?
y xy x  y cos x x y y x

(A) x + y cos (B) (C) (D) ln    ln  
x x  y2 ysin x  y y x x y
76. If f(x) is a polynomial function satisfying the condition f(x)  f(1/x) = f(x) + f(1/x) and f(2) = 9 then
(A) 2f(4) = 3f(6) (B) 14f(1) = f(3) (C) 9f(3) = 2f(5) (D) f(10) = f(11)
1  sin x
77. The values of x in [–2, 2], for which the graph of the function y = – sec x and
1  sin x
1  sin x
y = – + sec x, coincide are
1  sin x
 3   3   3     3 
(A)  2,     , 2  (B)   ,     , 
 2   2   2 2 2 2 
     3 
(C)   ,  (D) [–2, 2] –  ,  
 2 2  2 2
78. If the function f(x) = ax + b has its own inverse then the ordered pair (a, b) can be
(A) (1, 0) (B) (–1, 0) (C) (–1, 1) (D) (1, 1)
79. Suppose the domain of the function y = f(x) is –1  x  4 and the range is 1  y  10.
Let g(x) = 4 – 3f(x – 2). If the domain of g(x) is a  x  b and the range of g(x) is c  y  d then which
of the following relations hold good ?
(A) 2a + 4b + c + d = 0 (B) a + b + d = 8
(C) 5b + c + d = 4 (D) a + b + c + d + 18 = 0
80. Suppose f (x) = ax + b and g (x) = bx + a, where a and b are positive integers. If
f  g(50)   g  f (50)  = 28 then the product (ab) can have the value equal to
(A) 12 (B) 48 (C) 180 (D) 210
81. Consider the function f(x) = sgn x and g(x) = x(1 – x2) then which of the follows hold(s) good
(A) (fog)(x) is neither odd nor even
(B) (gof)(x) is even as well as odd
(C) (fog)(x) is neither continuous nor differentiable for some x on (–)
(D) (gof)(x) is continuous and differentiable for every x on (–, )
82. f : R  R ; f(x2 + x + 3) + 2f(x2 – 3x + 5) = 6x2 – 10x + 17  x  R then
(A) f is strictly decreasing (B) f(x) = 0 has a root in (0, 2)
(C) f(x) is an odd function (D) f(x) is invertible
 x 2  2x 3 
log 2 tan x   2
83. The domain of definition of the function, f(x) =  2 tan x   4x  4x 3  where [] denotes the
 
 1 1
greatest integer function is given by the interval  n  , n   where n  I then n can be equal to
 4 2
(A) –5 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 1
84.   [a]  x  , where [.] denotes the greatest integer function, has fundamental period  for

f(x) = sin 2
3 5 2 4
(A) a = (B) a = (C) a = (D) a =
2 4 3 5
x 2  sin x cos x x(1  sin x)

85. The number of solutions of the equation = 0 is greater than or equal to
x  cos x x 1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
86. Let f(x) = max(1 + sin x, 1, 1 – cos x), x [0, 2] and g(x) = max(1, |x – 1|), x R, then
(A) g(f(0)) = 1 (B) g(f(1)) = 1 (C) f(g(1)) = 1 (D) f(g(0)) = sin 1
4
87. Let R = {(x, y) : x, y  R, x2 + y2  25} and R' = {(x, y) : x, y  R, r  x2} then
9
(A) domain of R  R' = [–3, 3] (B) Range of R  R' = [0, 4]
(C) Range of R R' = [0, 5] (D) R  R' defines a function
[MATCH THE COLUMN]

1 x 1
88. Let f(x) = x + and g(x) = .
x x2
Match the composite function given in Column-I with their respective domains given in Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
(A) fog (P) R – {–2, –5/3}
(B) gof (Q) R – {–1, 0}
(C) fof (R) R – {0}
(D) gog (S) R – {–2, –1}
 x   2x   y   4y  7x 21
89. The number of ordered pair (x, y) satisfying the equation              y where
 2   3   4   5  6 20
0 < x, y < 30 and [.] denotes greatest integer function is equal to
 x1/3 x 1
90.  2 
Let f : R  R f(x) = n  x  x  1  and g : R  R, g(x) =  1x , then the number of real
  2e x 1
solutions of the equation, f–1(x) = g(x) is
91. If the function f(x) = x3 – 9x2 + 24x + c has 3 real and distinct roots ,  and , find the sum of all
possible distinct values of [] + [] + [], where [.] denote greatest integer function.
92. Find the number of values of x of the form 6n ± 1, where n  N, in the domain of the function
64  x 2
f(x) = x ln |x – 1| + .
sin x
93. If N be the numbers of natural numbers less than 2009 which can be expressed in the form of [x[x]] for
some positive real x then sum of the digits of N. ([.] denotes greatest integer function).
94. If the function f : [1, )  [1, ) is defined by f(x) = 2x (x  1), then f1(x) is [JEE '99, 2]

x (x  1)
 1 1 1
(A)  
 2
(B)
2
 
2
 
1  1  4 log2 x (C) 1  1  4 log2 x (D) not defined
95. The domain of definition of the function, y (x) given by the equation, 2x + 2y = 2 is
(A) 0 < x  1 (B) 0  x  1 (C)  < x  0 (D)  < x < 1
[JEE 2000 Scr.), 1 out of 35]
 1 , x  0

96. Let g (x) = 1 + x  [ x ] & f (x) =  0 , x  0 . Then for all x , f (g (x)) is equal to
1 , x0

(A) x (B) 1 (C) f (x) (D) g (x)
where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function.
1
97. If f : [1 , )  [2 , ) is given by , f (x) = x + , then f 1 (x) equals
x
x x2  4 x x  x2  4
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1  x 2  4
2 1  x2 2
log2 (x  3)
98. The domain of definition of f (x) = is :
x 2  3x  2
(A) R \ { 1,  2} (B) ( 2, ) (C) R\{ 1,  2,  3} (D) ( 3, ) \ { 1,  2}
99. Let E = {1, 2, 3, 4 } & F = {1, 2}. Then the number of onto functions from E to F is
(A) 14 (B) 16 (C) 12 (D) 8
x
100. Let f (x) = , x  1 . Then for what value of  is f (f (x)) = x ?
x 1
(A) 2 (B)  2 (C) 1 (D)  1.
[JEE 2001 (Screening) 5  1 = 5]
101. Suppose f(x) = (x + 1)2 for x  –1. If g(x) is the function whose graph is the reflection of the graph of
f (x) with respect to the line y = x, then g(x) equals
1
(A) – x – 1, x > 0 (B) , x > –1 (C) x  1 , x > –1 (D) x – 1, x > 0
(x  1) 2
102. Let function f : R R be defined by f (x) = 2x + sinx for x  R. Then f is

(A) one to one and onto (B) one to one but NOT onto
(C) onto but NOT one to one (D) neither one to one nor onto
[JEE 2002 (Screening), 3 + 3]
x2  x  2
103. Range of the function f (x) = 2 is
x  x 1
 7  7
(A) [1, 2] (B) [1,  ) (C) 2 ,  (D) 1, 
 3  3
x
104. Let f (x) = defined from (0, )  [ 0, ) then by f (x) is
1 x
(A) one- one but not onto (B) one- one and onto
(C) Many one but not onto (D) Many one and onto [JEE 2003 (Scr),3+3]
105. Let f (x) = sin x + cos x, g (x) = x2 – 1. Thus g ( f (x) ) is invertible for x 
          
(A)  , 0 (B)  ,  (C)  ,  (D) 0, 
 2   2   4 4  2
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]
EXERCISE–IV
The function f  x   log  x  x  1  , is
2
1. [JEE Main 2003]
(A) neither an even nor an odd function (B) an even function
(C) an odd function (D) a periodic function
3
2. Domain of definition of the function f (x)   log10 (x 3  x) , is [JEE Main 2003]
4  x2
(A) (–1, 0)  (1, 2)  (2, ) (B) (a, 2)
(C) (–1, 0)  (a, 2) (D) (1, 2)  (2, )
n
3. If f : R  R satisfies f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y), for all x, y R and f(1) = 7, then  f (r) is
r 1
[JEE Main 2003]
7n(n  1) 7n 7(n  1)
(A) (B) (C) (D) 7n + (n +1)
2 2 2
4. A function f from the set of natural numbers to integers defined by
 n 1
 , when n is odd
f (n)   2 is [JEE Main 2003]
 n
, when n is even
 2
(A) neither one-one nor onto (B) one-one but not onto
(C) onto but not one-one (D) one-one and onto both
5. The range of the function f(x) = 7–xPx–3 is [JEE Main 2004]
(A) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (B) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (C) {1, 2, 3, 4} (D) {1, 2, 3}
6. If f : R  S, defined by f (x)  sin x  3 cos x  1 , is onto, then the interval of S is
[JEE Main 2004]
(A) [–1, 3] (B) [–1, 1] (C) [0, 1] (D) [0, 3]
7. The graph of the function y = f(x) is symmetrical about the line x = 2, then
[JEE Main 2004]
(A) f(x) = –f(–x) (B) f(2 + x) = f(2 – x) (C) f(x) = f(–x) (D) f(x + 2) = f(x – 2)
sin 1 (x  3)
8. The domain of the function f (x)  is [JEE Main 2004]
9  x2
(A) [1, 2] (B) [2, 3) (C) [1, 2] (D) [2, 3]
9. A function is matched below against an interval where it is suppose to be increasing. Which of the
following pairs is incorrect matched? [JEE Main 2005]
Inter Function
(A) (–) x3 – 3x2 + 3x + 3
(B) [2, ) 2x3 – 3x2 – 12x + 6
 1
(C)  ,  3x2 – 2x +1
 3
(D) (–, – 4) x3 + 6x2 + 6
10. A real valued function f(x) satisfied the functional equation
f(x – y) = f(x) f(y) – f(a – x) f(a + y)
where a is a given constant and f(0) = 1, f(2a – x) is equal to [JEE Main 2005]
(A) –f(x) (B) f(x) (C) f(a) + f(a – x) (D) f(–x)
11. Let f : N  Y be a function defined as f(x) = 4x + 3 where Y = {y  N : y = 4x + 3 for some x N}.
Show that f is invertible and its inverse is [JEE Main 2008 ]
3y  4 y3 y3 y3
(A) g(y)  (B) g(y)  4  (C) g(y)  (D) g(y) 
3 4 4 4
12. Let f(x) = (x + 1)2 – 1, x  –1
Statement-1 : The set {x : f(x) = f–1 (x) = {0, 1}
Statement-2 : f is a bijection. [JEE Main 2009]
(A) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true. Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(C) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
(D) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true. Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.
13. For real, x let f(x) = x3 + 5x + 1, then [JEE Main 2009]

(A) f is onto R but not one-one (B) f is one-one and onto R
(C) f is neither one-one nor onto R (D) f is one-one but not onto R
1
14. The domain of the function f (x)  is [JEE Main 2011]
| x | x
(A) (0, ) (B) (–0) (C) (–) (D) (–)
15. If a  R and the equation – 3(x – [x])2 + 2(x – [x]) + a2 = 0 [IIT Mains 2014]

(where [x] denotes the greatest integer  x) has no integral solution, then all possible value of a lie in the
interval
(A) (– , – 2)  (2, ) (B) (– 1, 0)  (0, 1)
(C) (1, 2) (D) (– 2, – 1)
16. If X = {4n – 3n – 1 : n  N} and Y = {9(n – 1) : n  N}, where N is the set of natural numbers, then
X  Y is equal to :
(A) Y (B) N (C) Y – X (D) X
1
17. If f(x) + 2f   = 3x, x  0, and S = {x  R : f(x) = f(–x)} ; then S : [IIT Main 2016]
x
(A) is an empty set (B) contains exactly one element
(C) contains exactly two elements (D) contains more than two elements
 1 1 x
18. The function f : R    ,  defined as f(x) = is [JEE Mains 2017]
 2 2 1 x2
(A) invertible (B) injective but not surjective
(C) surjective but not injective (D) neither injective nor surjective
19. Let a, b, c  R. If f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c is such that a + b + c = 3 and f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)+xy,

10
 x, y  R, then  f (n) is equal to [JEE Mains 2017]
n 1
(A) 330 (B) 165 (C) 190 (D) 255
20. Let f(x) = x2, x  R. For any A  R , define g(A) = {x  R : f(x)  A}. If S = [0, 4], then which one of

the following statements is not true ? [JEE Main 2019]
(A) f(g(S))  f(S) (B) f(g(S)) = S (C) g(f(S)) = g(S) (D) g(f(S))  S
21. Let f(x) = ex – x and g(x) = x2 – x,  x  R. Then the set of all x  R, where the function h(x) = (fog)(x)
is increasing, is : [JEE Main 2019]
 1   1   1
(A)  1,    ,   (B) 0,   1,  
 2  2   2
 1 
(C)  , 0   1,   (D) [0, )
2 
1
22. The domain of the definition of the function f (x)  2
 log10 (x 3  x) is : [JEE Main 2019]
4x
(A) (1, 2)  (2, ) (B) (–1, 0)  (1, 2)  (3, )
(C) (–1, 0)  (1, 2)  (2, ) (D) (–2, –1)  (–1, 0)  (2, )
10
Let  f (a  k)  16  2  1 , where the function f satisfies f (x + y) = f (x) f (y) for all natural numbers x,
10
23.
k 1
y and f (1) = 2, then the natural number 'a' is : [JEE (Main) 2019]
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 16 (4) 2
x2
24. If the function f : R – {1, –1}  A defined by f (x)  , is surjective, then A is equal to
1 x2
[JEE Main 2019]
(A) R – [–1, 0) (B) R – (–1, 0) (C) R– {–1} (D) [0,  )
25. Let f(x) = ax (a > 0) be written as f(x) = f1(x) + f2(x), where f1(x) is an even function and f2(x) is an odd
function. Then f1(x + y) + f1(x – y) equals : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 2f1(x) f1(y) (B) 2f1(x)f1(y) (C) 2f1(x + y) f2(x – y) (D) 2f1(x + y) f1(x – y)
 1 x   2x 
26. If f (x)  log e   ,| x |  1 , then f   is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
 1 x   1 x2 
(A) 2f(x) (B) 2f(x2) (C) (f(x))2 (D) –2f(x)
1
27. Let a function f : (0, )  (0, ) be defined by f (x)  1  . Then f is : [JEE Main 2019]
x
(A) not injective but it is surjective (B) injective only
(C) neither injective nor surjective (D) both injective as well as surjective
x
28. Let f : R  R be defined by f (x)  x  R . Then the range of f is : [JEE Main 2019]
1 x2
 1 1  1 1
(A)   ,  (B) R – [–1, 1] (C) R    ,  (D) (–1, 1) – {0}
 2 2  2 2
29. Let N be the set of natural numbers and two functions f and g be defined as f, g : N N such that
 n 1
 2 if n is odd
f n  
 n and g (n) = n – (– 1)n. Then fog is: [JEE Main 2019]
if n is even
 2
(A) onto but not one - one (B) one - one but not onto
(C) both one - one and onto (D) neither one one nor onto
2x
30. Let A = {xR:x is not a positive integer}. Define a function f: A  R as f(x) = then f is:-
x 1
(1) injective but not surjective (2) not injective [JEE Main 2019]
(3) surjective but not injective (4) neither injective nor surjective
1 1
31. For x  R – [0, 1], let f1 (x)  , f 2 (x)  1  x and f3 (x)  be three given functions. If a function,
x 1 x
J(x) satisfies (f 2 oJof1 ) (x) = f3(x) then J(x) is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
1
(A) f3(x) (B) f3 (x) (C) f2(x) (D) f1(x)
x
32. The number of functions f from {1, 2, 3, ....... , 20} onto {1, 2, 3, ..........., 20} such that f(k) is a multiple
of 3, whenever k is a multiple of 4, is : [JEE Main 2019]
5 6
(A) 6 × (15)! (B) 5! × 6! (C) (15)! × 6! (D) 5 × 15
5
33. If g(x) = x2 + x – 1 and (gof)(x) = 4x2 – 10x + 5, then f   is equal to : [JEE Main 2020]
4
3 1 1 3
(A)  (B)  (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
82x  82x
34. The inverse function of f (x)  , x  (1,1) , is ____. [JEE Main 2020]
82x  82x
1  1 x  1 1 x 
(A) (log8 e) log e   (B) (log8 e) log e  
4 1 x  4  1 x 
1  1 x  1  1 x 
(C) log e   (D) log e  
4  1 x  4  1 x 
x  x
35. Let f : (1, 3)  R be a function defined by f(x) = , where [x] denotes the greatest integer  x.
1  x2
Then the range of f is : [JEE Main 2020]
 2 3  3 4   2 4 3 4  2 1   3 4
(A)  ,    ,  (B)  ,  (C)  ,  (D)  ,    , 
 5 5  4 5   5 5 5 5  5 2   5 5
 | x | 5 
36. The domain of the function f  x   sin 1  2  is (, a]  [a, ). Then a is equal to :
 x 1 
[JEE Main 2020]
17  1 17 1  17 17
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2  1
2 2 2
37. If R   x, y  :x, y  Z, x 2  3y 2  8 is a relation on the set of integers Z, then the domain of R-1 is :

[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 1, 0,1 (B) 2, 1,1, 2 (C) 0,1 (D) 2,  1, 0,1, 2
38. Let f : R  R be a function which satisfies f (x  y)  f (x)  f (y) x, y  R . If f(1) = 2 and
(n 1)
g(n)   f (k), n  N then the value of n, for which g(n) = 20, is:
k 1
[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 9 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 20
39. Let R1 and R2 be two relations defined as follows:
R 1  {(a, b)  R 2 : a 2  b 2  Q} and R 2  {(a, b)  R 2 : a 2  b 2  Q} ,
where Q is the set of all rational numbers. Then : [JEE Main 2020]
(A) R1 is transitive but R2 is not transitive
(B) R1 and R2 are both transitive
(C) R2 is transitive but R1 is not transitive
(D) Neither R1 nor R2 is transitive
40. Let [t] denote the greatest integer  t. Then the equation in x,[x]2 + 2[x + 2] –7=0 has :

[JEE Main 2020]
(A) exactly four integral solutions. (B) infinitely many solutions.
(C) no integral solution. (D) exactly two solutions.
41. Let A={a,b,c} and B={1,2,3,4}. Then the number of elements in the set C  {f : A  B | 2  f (A) and

f is not one–one} is_______ [JEE Main 2020]

42. If f(x + y) = f(x) f(y) and  f (x)  2 , x, yN, where N is the set of all natural number, then the value
x 1
f (4)
of is : [JEE Main 2020]
f (2)
2 1 1 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 9 3 9
ax
43. For a suitably chosen real constant a, let a function, f:R–{–a} R be defined by f (x)  . Further
ax
 1
suppose that for any real number x – a and f(x)  –a, (fof)(x) = x.Then f    is equal to:
 2
[JEE Main 2020]
1 1
(A) –3 (B) 3 (C) (D) –
3 3
n
44. Suppose that function f : R  R satisfies f(x + y) = f(x) f(y) for all x, y R and f(1)=3. If  f (i)  363 ,
i 1
then n is equal to ....... [JEE Main 2020]
EXERCISE–V
1. Let f(x) = x2 and g(x) = sin x for all x  R. Then the set of all x satisfying (f o g o g o f)(x) = (g o g o f)(x),
where (f o g)(x) = f(g(x)), is [JEE 2011]
(A) ± n , n  {0, 1, 2, ....} (B) ± n , n  {1, 2, ....}

(C) + 2np, n  {...., –2, –1, 0, 1, 2.....} (D) 2np, n  {...., –2, –1, 0, 1, 2.....}
2
2. The function f : [0, 3] [1, 29], defined by f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 36x + 1, is [JEE 2012]
(A) one-one and onto (B) onto but not one-one
(C) one-one but not onto (D) neither one-one nor onto
  
3. Let f :   ,   R be given by f(x) = (log(sec x + tan x))3 [IIT Adv. 2014]
 2 2
Then
(A) f(x) is an odd function (B) f(x) is a one-one function
(C) f(x) is an onto function (D) f(x) is an even function
4. Let X be a set with exactly 5 elements and Y be a set with exactly 7 elements. If a is the
number of one-one functions from X to Y and b is the number of onto functions from Y to X,
1
then the value of (b – a) is. [JEE Adv. 2018]
5!
5. If the function f : R R is defined by f(x) = |x| (x–sinx), then which of the following statements is TRUE
? [JEE Adv. 2020]
(A) f is one-one, but NOT onto (B) f is onto, but NOT one-one
(C) f is BOTH one-one and onto (D) f is NEITHER one-one NOR onto
4x
6. Let the function f :[0,1]   be defined by f ( x)  Then the value of
4x  2
 1   2   3   39  1
f    f    f      f    f   is [JEE Adv. 2020]
 40   40   40   40  2
ANSWER KEY
CONCEPT BUILDING-01
1. D
 5 3       3 5   1
2. (i)  4 , 4     4 , 4    4 , 4  (ii)  4,  2   (2, ) (iii) (–, –3]
       
 1   1 1 
(iv) (–, –1)  [0, ) (v) (3 – 2 < x < 3 – ) (3 < x  4) (vi)  0,  , 
 100   100 10 
1  5  1  5 
(vii) (–1 < x < –1/2)  (x > 1) (viii)  ,0    ,   (ix) (–3, –1] {0}  [1, 3)
 2   2 
(x) {4} [5, ) (xi) (0, 1/4) (3/4, 1) {x : x N, x  2}
1  5  1 
(xii)   ,    ,6  (xiii) [–3, –2) [3, 4) (xiv) R –  ,0
 6 3  3   2 
(xv) 2K < x < (2K + 1) but x  1 where K is non-negative integer
3. (i) D : x  R ; R : [0, 2] (ii) D : x  R ; R : [–1, 1]
(iii) D : {x | x R ; x – 3 ; x 2} (iv) R : {f(x) | f(x) R, f(x) 1/5 ; f(x) 1}
(iv) D : R ; R : (–1, 1) (v) D : x R ; R : [5, 6)
(vi) D : x (–1, 5) ; R : (–, 2]
4. B
5. D
6. (i) (a) 2K x  2K +  where K I (b) [–3/2, –1]
(ii) (a) Range : [–1/3, 3], Domain = [4, 7] ; (b) Range [–1, 9] and domain [11, 14]
CONCEPT BUILDING-02
1. (a) Neither injective nor surjective (b) Neither injective nor surjective
(c) Both injective and surjective (d) Neither injective nor surjective
2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B
7. C 8. B 9. C
ex  e x log 2x 1 1 x
10. (a) ; (b) ; (c) log
2 log 2x  1 2 1 x
CONCEPT BUILDING-03
1. (a) odd, (b) even (c) neither odd nor even (d) odd
(e) neither odd nor even
2. A 3. (i) B (ii) A (iii) B 4. C
5. 64 6. 30 7. 102 8. B
x
9. (a) y = log (10 – 10 ), –  < x < 1 (b) y = x/3 when – < x < 0 & y = x when 0  x < + 
10. (i) period of fog is , period of gof is 2 ; (ii) range of fog is [–1, 1], range of gof is [– tan 1, tan 1]
EXERCISE–I
1. (i) {x 1000  x < 10000} (ii) (–2, –1) U (–1, 0) U (1, 2) (iii) (1, 2)  (2, 5/2);
3
(iv) x  {4, 5} (v) x  (3, 5) {x  , }
2
2. 
(i) D : 1  x  2 R : 3 , 6 
(ii) 
D : x  (2n, (2n + 1))  2 n  6 , 2 n  2 , 2 n  56 , n  I and
R : loga 2 ; a  (0, )  {1}  Range is (–, ) – {0}
 1   1 1
(iii) D : [– 4, ) – {5}; R :  0,    , 
 6   6 3
3. (b) (i), (iii) are identical
4. (a) neither surjective nor injective (b) surjective but not injective
(c) neither injective nor surjective
5. (a) – 3/4; (b) 64; (c) 30, (d) 102; (e) 5050; (f) 28
6. (a) domain is x  0 ; range [–1, 1]; (b) domain 2k  x  2k + ; range [0, 1]
(c) Domain x  R; range [– sin 1, sin 1]; (d) domain is 0  x  1; range is [0, 1]
7. 1
( x  3)10 1024
9. (a) 10 , domain is R, ; (b) f(x) = x2; g (x) = cos x; h (x) = x + 9
( x  3)  1 1025
1
if 0 x 1
 x2
10. g( x )   11. (a) {–1, 1} (b) a  {0, – 4}
 2
 x if x 1
x if x0 x2 if x0
 2
if 0  x  1 ; (fog)(x) =  1  x if 0  x  1
12. (gof)(x) =   x  x
 1  x 2 if x 1 if x 1
13. (a) even, (b) even, (c) even (d) even
14. (i) (a) y = log (10  10x) ,   < x < 1
(b) y = x/3 when   < x < 0 & y = x when 0  x < + 
(ii) (a) 2K  x  2K +  where K I (b) [3/2 , 1]
(iii) (a) Range : [– 1/3, 3], Domain = [4, 7] ; (b) Range [–1, 9] and domain [11, 14]
15. x = 10; f–1(x) = 10 log 2 ( x 8)

16. (a) 0.86 (b) ± 1, ± 3, ± 5, ± 15
17. (A) R; (B) S; (C) P; (D) Q 18. (A) S; (B) R; (C) P; (D) Q
EXERCISE–II
1. f1(1) = y 2. 152
1
3. (a) , (b) 1, (c) [0, 4), (d) 727, (e) 3 4. (A) S; (B) P; (C) Q
1002
5. 11 6. 6016 9. f (x) = 2 x2
x 1 , 0  x  1
 (1  x ) ,  1  x  0 3 x , 1  x  2
11. fog (x) = ; gof (x) = ;
x1 , 0x2 x 1 , 2  x  3
5x , 3  x  4
x , 1  x  0
x , 0x1

fof (x) = 4  x , 3  x  4 ; gog (x) = x , 0x2
4x , 2  x  3
12. 21 13. x = 0 or 5/3
14. 1002.5 15. 5049 16. g (x) = 3 + 5 sin(n + 2x – 4), n  I

17. 20 18. 122 19. f (x) = sin x + x 
3
21. {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 2)} ; {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 2), (4, 3)} and {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2)}
EXERCISE–III
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A
6. B 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. B 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
16. D 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. D
21. A 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C
26. C 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. C
31. D 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. B
36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. B
41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C
46. C 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. C
51. D 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. C
56. C 57. A 58. D 59. D 60. A
61. B 62. C 63. A 64. A 65. C
66. B 67. B 68. B 69. AB 70. ABD
71. ABD 72. ACD 73. AD 74. ACD 75. BC
76. BC 77. AC 78. ABC 79. BD 80. AD
81. BCD 82. BD 83. AC 84. AB 85. ABC
86. AB 87. AC 88. (A)  S; (B)  Q; (C)  R; (D)  P
89. 4 90. 4 91. 15 92. 2 93. 18(990)
94. B 95. D 96. B 97. A 98. D
99. A 100. D 101. D 102. A 103. D
104. A 105. C
EXERCISE–IV
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. D
6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. D 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B
16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C
21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A
26. A 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. A
31. A 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D
36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. B
41. 19 42. D 43. B 44. 5
EXERCISE–V
1. A 2. B 3. A, B, C 4. 119 5. C
6. 19.00
REVISION PLANNER FOR MAINS
CONCEPT BUILDING 01 :
2. (iii) 5.
5.
EXERCISE–I
3. (b) 7.
EXERCISE–II
14.
EXERCISE–III
7. 9. 10. 12. 16. 21. 26.
31. 38. 42. 51. 54. 58. 99.
100.
EXERCISE–IV
4. 5. 7. 12. 26. 28. 29.
34. 35.
EXERCISE–V
3.
REVISION PLANNER FOR ADVANCED
6. 7.
EXERCISE–I
5. 11. 18.
13. (b) 15.

EXERCISE–II
1. 3. (c) (d) 10. 18. 21.
EXERCISE–III
5. 15. 18. 28. 30. 34. 40.
48. 52. 56. 60. 64. 77. 79.
81. 86. 90. 91. 94. 101. 105.
EXERCISE–IV
22. 26.
EXERCISE–V
1. 4.

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Function Domain Range

(i) xn , (n  N) R = (set of real numbers) R , if n is odd

(iii) x1 / n , (n  N) R , if n is odd R , if n is odd

Function Domain Range

(i) { x } R [0, 1)

Note : (i) Any function which is entirely increasing or decreasing in whole domain, then

Note : (i) If f is both injective & surjective, then it is called a Bijective mapping.

Sol. Let y  cos x(sin x  sin 2 x  3)

(x 2  x  1)(2x  3)  (x 2  3x  a)(2x  1) 2x 2  2x(1  a)  (3  a)

sin x cos x 2 cos 2

sin x cos x 2 cos 2 x

 1  x  2  x  1 and  1  x  2 1  x  2  x  1 and  1  x  2

Sol. Given, f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) = 3f (x) .....(1)

Sol. 1 .....(1)

(i) f(x) = cos 2x  16  x 2 (ii) f(x) = log7 log5 log3 log2(2x3 + 5x2 – 14x)

(v) f(x) = 2 + x – [x – 3] (vi) f(x) = log3 (5 + 4x – x2)

(A) [1, 3] (B) [1, 5] (C) [3, 5] (D) None of these

(A) [–2, 13 ] (B) [–2, 3] (C) [3, 13 ] (D) [–3, 2]

(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) None of these

(A) – f(x) (B) 3f(x) (C) [f(x)]3 (D) None of these

(d) f(x) = x sin2 x – x3 (e) f(x) = sin x – cos x

(A) x2 – 2 (B) x2 – 1 (C) x2 (D) None of these

(iv) f (x) = log  1

10. If f (x) = max  x, 1 x  for x > 0 where max (a, b) denotes the greater of the two real numbers a and b.

10. The range of the function f(x) = sin(cos x)  cos(sin x) is :

(A) 1,1  cos1  (B)  cos1,1  cos1 

(C)  cos1,1  sin1  (D) 1,1  sin1 

11. Let f(x) = cot(5  3x)(cot(5)  cot(3x))  cot 3x  1 , then domain is :

(A) 2010 (B) 4020 (C) 4028 (D) 2014

36. Let f(x) = sin [a] x (where [] denotes the greatest integer function). If f is periodic with fundamental

43. If f(x) = 2 tan 3x + 5 1  cos 6x ; g(x) is a function having the same time period as that of f(x), then

54. A function f(x) = 1  2x + x is defined from D1  D2 and is onto. If the set D1 is its complete

58. The domain of f(x) = x  2  2 x  3  x  2  2 x  3 is

[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]

y xy x  y cos x x y y x

84.   [a]  x  , where [.] denotes the greatest integer function, has fundamental period  for

x 2  sin x cos x x(1  sin x)

[MATCH THE COLUMN]

94. If the function f : [1, )  [1, ) is defined by f(x) = 2x (x  1), then f1(x) is [JEE '99, 2]

102. Let function f : R R be defined by f (x) = 2x + sinx for x  R. Then f is

13. For real, x let f(x) = x3 + 5x + 1, then [JEE Main 2009]

15. If a  R and the equation – 3(x – [x])2 + 2(x – [x]) + a2 = 0 [IIT Mains 2014]

19. Let a, b, c  R. If f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c is such that a + b + c = 3 and f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)+xy,

(A) 330 (B) 165 (C) 190 (D) 255

20. Let f(x) = x2, x  R. For any A  R , define g(A) = {x  R : f(x)  A}. If S = [0, 4], then which one of

37. If R   x, y  :x, y  Z, x 2  3y 2  8 is a relation on the set of integers Z, then the domain of R-1 is :

(A) 9 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 20

40. Let [t] denote the greatest integer  t. Then the equation in x,[x]2 + 2[x + 2] –7=0 has :

41. Let A={a,b,c} and B={1,2,3,4}. Then the number of elements in the set C  {f : A  B | 2  f (A) and

15. x = 10; f–1(x) = 10 log 2 ( x 8)

13. (b) 15.

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