Computer Networking

L e c t u re r B y :
L a e Ya m i n H t u t
Outlines
CHAPTER-1
 (1) Role of Networks
 (2)System Types
 (3)Practical ( Workgroup Network ) Lab ( Sharing and Remote Service)
 (4)Network Topology
 Chapte r -1
 (1) Roles of Networks
 Introduction to Computer Network
 Assessment Types
 The significance of networking in communication technologies

 (2) System Types

 Analyses system types looking at real world scenario and networking types
 Discuss and study different system types
 Study the system types of peer based, client-server, cloud, cluster, centralized, virtualized
 Practical ( Workgroup Network )
 (3) Practical workgroup network  (4) Network Topology
 Bus Topology
 Create Workgroup Network
 Ring Topology
 File and Folder Sharing
 Star Topology
 Using Remote Service
 Mesh Topology
 Chapte r -1

(1) Roles of Networks

 Introduction to Computer Network

 Assessment Types
 The significance of networking in communication technologies
 (1) Roles of Networks
 Introduction to Computer Network

 Types of Network
 Network Medium
 Network Elements
  Types of Network
 Te l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n N e t w o r k
 Electronic Network

 Te l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n N e t w o r k

PSTN Network ( Public Switch Telephone Network )

Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)

 E l e c t r o n i c Network

Can communicate with network devices

Example of Network Devices are Computer, Wireless, Firewall, Router,

Network Switch, CCTV, etc..
  Types of Network

 Te l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n N e t w o r k

PSTN Network ( Public Switch Telephone Network )

Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)

  Types of Network
 Electronic Network

Can communicate with network devices

Example of Network Devices are Computer, Wireless, Firewall, Router, Network Switch,
CCTV, etc..
  Network Medium

 Wired ( Using the Cable )

 Wireless ( Using the Radio Frequency)
 Wired Network Connection

 A wired network uses cables to connect devices, such as laptop or

desktop computers, to the Internet or another network

 The most common wired networks use cables connected at one end

to an Ethernet port on the network router and at the other end to a

computer or other device

 Wireless Network Connection

 A wireless network is a computer network that uses

wireless data connections between network nodes

 Wireless networking is a method by which homes,

telecommunications networks and business installations

  Network Elements

 PAN ( Personal Area Network )

 LAN ( Local Area Network )
 CAN ( Campus Area Network )
 MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network)
 WAN ( Wide Area Network )
 SAN ( Storage Area Network )
 Network Elements

 PAN ( Personal Area Network)

 A personal area network is a computer network for

interconnecting electronic devices centered on an individual
person's workspace
 A PAN provides data transmission among devices such as
computers, smartphones, tablets and personal digital assistants
 Network Elements

 LAN ( Local Area Network ) (Intranet)

 A local-area network (LAN) is a computer network that spans a
relatively small area
 Most often, a LAN is confined to a single room, building or group
of buildings
 LAN is also known Intranet
 Network Elements

 CAN ( Campus Area Network)

 A campus area network known as (CAN) is used to inter-connect

networks in limited geographical locality like university campus

 Example of CAN are Hospital, University, MICT Park

 Connect between Building to Building in the campus area

 Network Elements
 MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network) ( Extranet)

 A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that

interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic
area or region
 larger than that covered by even a large local area network
(LAN)
 but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network
(WAN)
 MAN is also known as Extra Net
 MAN connect between city to ctiy
 Network Elements

 WAN ( Wide Area Network ( WAN) ( Internet)

 A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that

extends over a large geographical area for the primary purpose of

computer networking

 WAN is also known as Internet

 WAN is connect between all over the world

 Network Elements

 SAN ( Storage Area Network)

 storage area networks, are high-speed, dedicated networks that

connect data storage tools with larger networks

 A SAN typically uses Fiber Channel connectivity

 NAS typically ties into to the network through a standard Ethernet

connection
 (1) Roles of Networks
 Assessment Types

 What is Internet?
 Why we use computer networking?
 Benefic of Using Computer Networking
 Assessment Types

 What is Internet?
 Internet is the largest computer network in the world

 Internet is the Wide Area Network (WAN)

 The Internet communicate all over the world

 Internet comes from ? ( explain detail ) HW

 Assessment Types
 Why we use computer network?

 File Sharing and Printer Sharing

 User Communication
 Gaming
 Application Sharing
 Assessment Types
 Benefits of using the computer networking

 File Sharing

 Application sharing

 Hardware sharing

 User Communication

 Network Gaming

 Voice over IP (VOIP)

 Time

 Distance

 Cost
 (1) Roles of Networks

 The significance of networking in communication technologies

 About the Network Devices and their communication

 Working Practice in computer networking
 The significance of networking in communication technologies

 About the Network Devices and their communication

 Computer
 Server
 Switch
 Router
 Wireless Device
 Firewall
 CCTV
 Cable
 Different between Computer and Server

A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data

It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data

Server is the high performance computer

System Unit
O f S e r ve r
 Network Switch

 A network switch is networking hardware that connects

devices on a computer network by using packet
switching to receive and forward data to the destination
device
 A network switch is a multiport network bridge that
uses MAC addresses to forward data at the data link
Unmana
layer of the OSI model. Manage ged
 Two types of switch ( 1. manage Switch and 2. Switch Switch
unmanaged switch )
 Router

 A router is a networking device that forwards data

packets between computer networks
 A router forward the packet by using the routing table SOHO
Router
 Router is at the network layer of OSI 7 layer
 Router can connect different network

Cisco
Router
 Wireless Device
 Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which
electromagnetic waves (rather than some form of wire) carry the signal over
Grid
part or all of the communication path.
Antenna
 Wireless work with RF ( Radio Frequency )

Wireless Wireless
Access Router USB
Pigtail
Point Wireless
cable
Adapter
Network Cable

 Types of network cables are UTP, STP and Fiber Optic Cable
 UTP cable and STP cables are connect with LAN Network
UTP
 Fiber Optic cable can connect all over the world and can Cable
connect WAN Network
Fiber
Optic
Cable

STP
Cable
 The significance of networking in communication technologies

 Working Practice in computer networking

 Monitoring System ( Infra Monitoring )
 Cover Downtime Status using High Availability
 Keep your anti-virus software up to date
 Keep regular backups of all your important documents
 Using Storage Service ( eg. SAN or NAS )
 Do pay attention to security. You have a duty to others to keep
 Keep Your machine is always secure
 Keep your network and hackers will attack any vulnerable machine
 Monitoring
Tools

Net Gain Infra Monitoring

Zabbix Infra Monitoring

 High Availability

 High Availability (HA) describes systems that are

dependable enough to operate continuously without
failing

Server
Router HA
HA

Switch
HA
 Server Antivirus Software
Top 13 Windows Server Antivirus Software (2008, 2012, 2016):

 BITDEFENDER.
 AVG.
 KASPERSKY.
 AVIRA.
 MICROSOFT.
 ESET.
 COMODO.
 TRENDMICRO.
 System Backup ( Data )

 Network backup is the process of copying and backing up all end devices
and network nodes in a computer network
 Network backup may also refer to the actual data or files that are backed up in a network
backup process
Network Security or Cyber Security

 Can use Firewall Device and Server

 Filter the network traffic
 Chapte r -1
(2) System Types

 Study the system types of peer based, client-server, cloud, cluster, centralized,
virtualized
 Sharing Service
 Remote Service
 Practical ( Workgroup Network )
 (2) System Types
 Study the system types of peer based, client-server, cloud, cluster, centralized,
virtualized

 Peer to Peer Network

 Server Base Network

 Cloud Computing

 Virtualization
Peer to Peer Network
Peer to Peer
Network
 Peer-to-peer networks allow interconnected devices (for
example, PCs) to share their resources with one another.
Those resources could be, for example, files or printers.
Server Based Network
Server
 With a server based network the files will not be stored on the hard Based
Network
drive of each workstation.
 Instead they will be stored on a powerful computer which is known
as a server.
 Illustrates an example of a client-server network, where a dedicated
file server provides shared access to files, and a networked printer is
available as a resource to the network’s clients.
Cloud Computing

 Compute power - such as Linux servers or web

applications.
 Storage - such as files and databases.
 Networking - such as secure connections between the
cloud provider and your company.
 Analytics - such as visualizing telemetry and
Cloud providers include
performance data. Microsoft, Amazon, and
Google
 Public cloud

 Owned by cloud services or hosting

provider.

 Provides resources and services to

multiple organizations and users.

 Accessed via secure network

connection (typically over the

internet).
 Private cloud

 Owned and operated by the organization that uses cloud

resources.

 Organizations create a cloud environment in their

datacenter.

 Self-service access to compute resources provided to

users within the organization.

 Organizations responsible for operating the services they

provide.
 Hybrid cloud

 Combines Public and Private clouds to

allow applications to run in the most

appropriate location.
Virtualization

 In computing, virtualization refers to the act of creating a

virtual version of something, including virtual computer
hardware platforms, storage devices, and computer
network resources.
Most useful virtualization technologies are :

 Hyper-V virtualization technology software

 Virtual Box virtualization technology software
 VMware virtualization technology software
 Sharing Service by using workgroup network

 A file-sharing service is a type of online service that

provides, mediates and monitors the transfer of
computer files
 File sharing is the practice of sharing or offering access to
digital information or resources
 File sharing including documents, multimedia
(audio/video), graphics, computer programs, images and
e-books
 Remote Service by using workgroup network

 To Remote service software is used by equipment

manufacturers
 To remotely monitor, access and repair products in use at
customer sites
 To troubleshoot problems, perform proactive
maintenance, assist with user operations and monitor
performance
 (3) Practical workgroup network

 Configuration of file sharing Service

 Assign IP Address in the All

networks ( Client and Server )

 Implementation of File Sharing

Service Step by Step

 Configuration of Remote Service

 Implementation of Remote Service Step

by Step
Configuration of File Sharing Server Step by Step
 Step-1

 Create a local folder on

your server computer
 Right click the folder, and then
click Properties
 51

 Step-2

 Click the Sharing tab, and then click Share

 52

 Step-3
 Click the Advanced Sharing Button to share the data
 53

 Step-4
 Click Share this folder permission , and
click permission button
 54

 Step-5
 In the Permission level column, select Read/Write,
then click ok
 55

 Step-6

 Click the Security tab

 Select the user account you want to use for the installation
 Click Edit Button and then
 56

 Step-7

 Enter the name of everyone account, and then

 click check name to correct the name
 57

 Step-8

 In the Permission level column,

 select Read/Write, then
 click ok
 58

Configuration of Remote Server Step by Step

 Step-1

 Open the Run Box and

 Type sysdm.cpl command in the run box to go
into the system properties
 59

 Step-2

 In the system properties, click remote tab and then

 Choose the allow option blow the picture
 Step-3 60

 To open the remote service need to go services

 Open the Run Box and type the following command in the run box and then
 Click Ok Button to continuous
 Step-4 61

 In the Services to change the startup type for Automatic

 Choose the Automatic and run the start
 Click Ok Button to exit
Test and Result
62

 Using File Sharing Service Step by Step

 Using Remote Service Step by Step

Using File Sharing Service 63

 Open the Go menu at the top of the screen and click "Connect to Server”
 Enter the IP address or hostname of the server to access in the pop-up window
 If the server is a Windows-based machine, begin the IP address or hostname with the
”UNC Path :\\192.168.0.1" (Share Server IP ) and then
 Click on the ”OK" button to connect the share data and see the share data
Using the Remote Service 64

 To connect the remote server , firstly type the command ‘mstsc’ and then
 In the Computer Box type the Remote Server IP Address
 Click the Connect Button to remote server login
Using the Remote Service 65

 Type the User and Password to remote the server and then
 Click OK Button to connect the remote server desktop
 66
Using the Remote Service

 See the Remote Server Desktop and Welcome page and then
 Next page is Remote Server Desktop Interface
 (4) Network Topology

 A network topology is the physical layout of computers, cables, and other

components on a network.
 A logical topology have protocol, service and client
 There are a number of different network topologies, and a network may be built
using multiple topologies.
 The different types of network topologies are :
 Bus Topology
 Ring Topology
 Star Topology
 Mesh Topology
 68
Bus Topology

 A bus topology consists of a main run of cable with a

terminator at each end. All nodes like workstations,
printers, laptops, servers etc., are connected to the linear
cable.
 Cable ( coaxial cable)
 Connector ( BNC T Connector )
 Distance ( 185 meters )
 Bandwidth ( 1 mbps )
 Ring Topology
 In a ring topology, all computers are connected via a cable
that loops in a ring or circle.
 A ring topology is a circle that has no start and no end
and terminators are not necessary in a ring topology.
 Data travels around the network, in one direction.
 Sending and receiving of data takes place by the help of
TOKEN.
 Cable ( STP cable)
 Connector ( IBM Data Connector )
 Distance ( 100 meters )
 Bandwidth ( 10mbps )
 Star Topology
 A star topology is designed with each node (like
workstations, printers, laptops, servers etc.)
 connected directly to a central device called as a
network Switch. Most popular and widely used LAN
technology Ethernet currently operates in Star
Topology.
 Cable ( UTP cable)
 Connector ( RJ-45 Connector )
 Distance ( 100 meters )
 Bandwidth ( 10,100,1000) mbps
Mesh Topology
 In a mesh network topology, each of the network node,
computer and other devices, are interconnected with one
another.
 Mesh Topology is not commonly used these days.
 Cable ( Fiber Optic cable)
 Connector ( SC Connector )
 Distance ( Unlimited)
 Bandwidth ( Unlimited)